Short Term Soft Pellet Diet Changes Intestinal Characteristics in MiceKaren Miyakawa; Jin Huang; Toru Tanaka; Ichiro Sakata
Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Mar. 2025,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding]ABSTRACT
Diet alters the function and composition of small intestinal epithelial cells, making the relationship between diet and the intestine a focus of much research. This study aimed to clarify the effects of a soft diet on the small intestine. We fed mice a soft pellet diet (SP) and a control hard pellet diet (CD) for 14 days and examined changes in the epithelial cells of the small intestine. We found that the body weights of SP‐fed mice were lower than those of CD‐fed mice. SP did not alter the length of the small intestine, crypt to villus, or the number of Paneth and Goblet cells, but decreased the expression of small intestinal epithelial cell markers. We also found that SP did not change the copy number of mitochondrial DNA, but decreased the mRNA expression of mitochondrial metabolism genes in SP‐fed mice. In addition, we found that E‐cadherin, a cell adhesion factor, was decreased in SP‐fed mice and that the composition of their microbiota was different from that of CD mice. Our study suggests that SP may impair the homeostasis of small intestine epithelial cells, reinforcing the need for further research on how food texture affects intestinal health.
Wiley, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14117DOI ID：10.1111/jpn.14117,
ISSN：0931-2439,
eISSN：1439-0396 Action of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide to attenuate cisplatin-induced emesis in Suncus murinus (house musk shrew) Zengbing Lu; Sze Wa Chan; Bin Jiang; Dexuan Cui; Ichiro Sakata; Takafumi Sakai; Xiaofei Huang; Julia Yuen Hang Liu; Tak Wah Dominic Chan; John A. Rudd
European Journal of Pharmacology,
Volume：984,
First page：177072,
Last page：177072, Dec. 2024,
[Reviewed]Elsevier BV, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.177072DOI ID：10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.177072,
ISSN：0014-2999 Exploring the role of ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting Lingqing Yang; Charmaine J.S. Kung; Zengbing Lu; Julia Y.H. Liu; Man Piu Ngan; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata; Sze Wa Chan; Longlong Tu; John A. Rudd
Neuropharmacology,
Volume：251,
First page：109919,
Last page：109919, Jun. 2024,
[Reviewed]Elsevier BV, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109919DOI ID：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109919,
ISSN：0028-3908 Identification of glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in mice stomach Manami Otsuka; Jin Huang; Toru Tanaka; Ichiro Sakata
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,
Volume：704,
First page：149708,
Last page：149708, Apr. 2024,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding]Elsevier BV, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149708DOI ID：10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149708,
ISSN：0006-291X The role of free fatty acid receptor-1 in gastric contractions in Suncus murinusJin Huang; Miu Suzuki; Ami Endo; Ayumi Watanabe; Ichiro Sakata
Food & Function,
Volume：15,
Number：4,
First page：2221,
Last page：2233, Feb. 2024,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding]Free fatty acid receptor-1 is involved in the regulation of gastric motility during the interdigestive and postprandial state in Suncus murinus.
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1039/d3fo03565dDOI ID：10.1039/d3fo03565d,
ISSN：2042-6496,
eISSN：2042-650X Involvement of the autonomic nervous system in colonic contractions in conscious Suncus murinusMiu Suzuki; Ayumi Watanabe; Jin Huang; Yuki Kobayashi; Ichiro Sakata
Neurogastroenterology & Motility,
Volume：36,
Number：2, Nov. 2023,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding]Abstract
Background
Colonic motility is regulated by various factors along the gut‐brain axis; however, detailed mechanisms are unknown. This study aimed to examine the involvement of the autonomic nervous system in colonic motility. Suncus murinus (suncus) is a small laboratory mammal suitable for gastrointestinal motility studies.
Methods
Colonic motility and concomitant feeding and defecation behaviors in vagotomized and reserpine‐administered suncus were recorded simultaneously for 24 h. Furthermore, we performed immunohistochemistry on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and in situ hybridization on corticotropin‐releasing hormone (CRH) in suncus brain. Additionally, we examined c‐Fos expression in the brain using immunohistochemistry in conscious suncus with colorectal distension.
Key Results
In vagotomized suncus, clustered giant migrating contractions (GMCs), consisting of strong contractions occurring in a short time, were observed, and the percentage of GMCs without defecation increased. The frequency of GMCs in the reserpine‐administered suncus increased during a light period (ZT0‐4, 4–8) and decreased during a dark period (ZT16‐20, 20–24) compared to a vehicle group. Additionally, the percentage of GMCs without defecation in the reserpine‐administered suncus increased. Suncus TH‐immunopositive neurons were found in the locus coeruleus (LC), as shown in rodents. In contrast, CRH mRNA‐expressing cells were not observed in a region assumed to be the Barrington's nucleus (Bar). Furthermore, colorectal distension in conscious suncus induced c‐Fos expression in LC TH neurons.
Conclusions & Inferences
Our results suggest that the vagus and sympathetic nerves are not required for induction of GMCs in vivo. However, they are likely to exert a modulatory role in control of GMC frequency in Suncus murinus.
Wiley, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.14716DOI ID：10.1111/nmo.14716,
ISSN：1350-1925,
eISSN：1365-2982 Effect of cholecystokinin on small intestinal motility in suncus murinus Naho Yokota; Shota Takemi; Ichiro Sakata
General and Comparative Endocrinology,
Volume：342,
First page：114352,
Last page：114352, Oct. 2023,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding]Elsevier BV, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114352DOI ID：10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114352,
ISSN：0016-6480 Molecular cloning and analysis of the ghrelin/GHSR system in Xenopus tropicalis. Reiko Wada; Shota Takemi; Mio Matsumoto; Mio Iijima; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
General and comparative endocrinology,
Volume：331,
First page：114167,
Last page：114167, Jan. 2023,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding],
［International magazine］Ghrelin is a gut-derived peptide with several physiological functions, including feeding, gastrointestinal motility, and hormonal secretion. Recently, a host defense peptide, liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 (LEAP2), was reported as an endogenous antagonist of growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R). The physiological relevance of the molecular LEAP2-GHS-R interaction in mammals has been explored; however, studies on non-mammals are limited. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of ghrelin and its related molecules in Western clawed frog (Xenopus tropicalis), a known model organism. We first identified cDNA encoding X. tropicalis ghrelin and GHS-R. RT-qPCR revealed that ghrelin mRNA expression was most abundant in the stomach. GHS-R mRNA was widely distributed in the brain and peripheral tissues, and a relatively strong signal was observed in the stomach and intestine. In addition, LEAP2 was mainly expressed in intestinal tissues at higher levels than in the liver. In functional analysis, X. tropicalis ghrelin and human ghrelin induced intracellular Ca2+ mobilization with EC50 values in the low nanomolar range in CHO-K1 cells expressing X. tropicalis GHS-R. Furthermore, ghrelin-induced GHS-R activation was antagonized with IC50 values in the nanomolar range by heterologous human LEAP2. We also validated the expression of ghrelin and feeding-related factors under fasting conditions. After 2 days of fasting, no changes in ghrelin mRNA levels were observed in the stomach, but GHS-R mRNA levels were significantly increased, associated with significant downregulation of nucb2. In addition, LEAP2 upregulation was observed in the duodenum. These results provide the first evidence that LEAP2 functions as an antagonist of GHS-R in the anuran amphibian X. tropicalis. It has also been suggested that the ghrelin/GHS-R/LEAP2 system may be involved in energy homeostasis in X. tropicalis.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114167DOI ID：10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114167,
PubMed ID：36402245 Identification of motilin in Japanese fire bellied newt. Mio Matsumoto; Shota Takemi; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
General and comparative endocrinology,
Volume：323-324,
First page：114031,
Last page：114031, Jul. 2022,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding],
［International magazine］Motilin, a peptide hormone consisting of 22 amino acid residues, was identified in the duodenum of pigs in the 1970s. It is known to induce gastrointestinal contractions during the interdigestive state in mammals. Although the motilin gene has been identified in various animal species, it has not been studied in amphibians. Here, we identified the motilin gene in the Japanese fire bellied newt (Cynops pyrrhogaster), and conducted an analysis of tissue distribution, morphological observations, and physiological experiments. The deduced mature newt motilin comprises 22 amino acid residues, like in mammals and birds. The C-terminus of the newt motilin showed high homology with motilin from other species compared to the N-terminus region, which is considered the bioactive site. Motilin mRNA expression in newts was abundant in the upper small intestine, with notably high motilin mRNA expression found in the pancreas. Motilin-producing cells were found in the mucosal layer of the upper small intestine and existed as two cell types: open-and closed-type cells. Motilin-producing cells in the pancreas were also found to produce insulin but not glucagon. Newt motilin stimulated gastric contractions but not in other parts of the intestines in vitro, and motilin-induced gastric contraction was significantly inhibited by treatment with atropine, a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. These results indicate that motilin is also present in amphibians, and that its gastrointestinal contractile effects are conserved in mammals, birds, and amphibians. Additionally, we demonstrated for the first time the existence of pancreatic motilin, suggesting that newt motilin has an additional unknown physiological role.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114031DOI ID：10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114031,
PubMed ID：35331740 Molecular cloning of cholecystokinin (CCK) and CCK-A receptor and mechanism of CCK-induced gastrointestinal motility in Suncus murinus. Shota Takemi; Wataru Honda; Naho Yokota; Haruka Sekiya; Takashi Miura; Reiko Wada; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
General and comparative endocrinology,
Volume：327,
First page：114074,
Last page：114074, Jun. 2022,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding],
［International magazine］Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone mainly secreted by small intestinal endocrine I-cells and functions as a regulator of gallbladder contraction, gastric emptying, gastrointestinal (GI) motility, and satiety. The cellular effects of CCK in these peripheral tissues are predominantly mediated via CCK-A receptors which are found in smooth muscles, enteric neurons, and vagal afferent neurons in humans and animal models. Although various functions of CCK have been reported to be neurally mediated, it can also stimulate contraction via the CCK receptor on the smooth muscle. However, the entire underlying neural and cellular mechanisms involved in CCK-induced GI contractions are not clearly understood. Here, we first determined the cDNA and amino acid sequences of CCK and CCK-A receptor along with the distributions of cck mRNA and CCK-producing cells in house musk shrew (Suncus murinus, the laboratory strain named as suncus) and examined the mechanism of CCK-induced contraction in the GI tract. Mature suncus CCK-8 was identical to other mammalian species tested here, and suncus CCK-A receptor presented high nucleotide and amino acid homology with that of human, dog, mouse, and rat, respectively. Suncus CCK mRNA and CCK-producing cells were found mainly in small intestine and colon. In the organ bath study, CCK-8 induced dose-dependent contractions in the suncus stomach, duodenum, and jejunum, and these contractions were inhibited by atropine and CCK-A receptor antagonist. These results suggest that CCK-8-induced contraction is mediated in the myenteric cholinergic neural network and that CCK-A receptor is partly responsible for CCK-8-induced contractions. This study indicates that suncus is a useful animal model to study the functions of CCK involved in GI motility.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114074DOI ID：10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114074,
PubMed ID：35700795 The Actions of Centrally Administered Nesfatin-1 on Emesis, Feeding, and Locomotor Activity in Suncus murinus (House Musk Shrew). Zengbing Lu; Dexuan Cui; Julia Yuen Hang Liu; Bin Jiang; Man Piu Ngan; Ichiro Sakata; Shota Takemi; Takafumi Sakai; Ge Lin; Sze Wa Chan; John A Rudd
Frontiers in pharmacology,
Volume：13,
First page：858522,
Last page：858522, 2022,
[Reviewed],
［International magazine］Nesfatin-1 is an anorectic peptide expressed in both peripheral tissues and brain areas involved in the regulation of feeding, emotion and emesis. The aim of the present study is to characterize the distribution of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 in Suncus murinus and to investigate the actions of nesfatin-1 to affect gastrointestinal contractility, emesis, food and water intake, and locomotor activity. The deduced amino acid sequence of S. murinus nesfatin-1 using in silico cloning showed high homology with humans and rodents. NUCB2 mRNA was detected throughout the entire brain and in the gastrointestinal tract, including the stomach and gut. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry confirmed the expression of nesfatin-1 protein in these regions. The NUCB2 mRNA levels in the hypothalamus, hippocampus and brainstem were significantly decreased, whereas that in the striatum were increased after 24 h starvation compared to ad libitum-fed animals (p < 0.05). In in vitro studies, nesfatin-1 (0.3-1,000 pM) failed to contract or relax the isolated gastric antrum and intestinal segments. In conscious, freely moving animals, intracerebroventricular administration of nesfatin-1 (1-50 pmol) induced emesis (p < 0.05) and suppressed 6-h cumulative food intake (p < 0.05), without affecting the latency to feeding. Nesfatin-1 (25 pmol, i.c.v.) decreased 24-h cumulative food and water intake by 28.3 and 35.4%, respectively (p < 0.01). No significant differences in locomotor activity were observed. In conclusion, NUCB2/nesfatin-1 might be a potent regulator of feeding and emesis in S. murinus. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanism of actions of this peptide as a mediator linking the brainstem NUCB2/nesfatin-1 to forebrain system.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.858522DOI ID：10.3389/fphar.2022.858522,
PubMed ID：35462894,
PubMed Central ID：PMC9019301 Molecular characterization and expression analysis of the regenerating islet-derived protein 3 alpha from Suncus murinus Shota Takemi; Takashi Miura; Toru Tanaka; Ichiro Sakata
GENE REPORTS,
Volume：25, Dec. 2021,
[Reviewed]English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101400DOI ID：10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101400,
eISSN：2452-0144,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000710737500005 The suppressive effect of REVERBs on ghrelin and GOAT transcription in gastric ghrelin-producing cells Mio Iijima; Shota Takemi; Sayaka Aizawa; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
Neuropeptides,
Volume：90,
First page：102187,
Last page：102187, Dec. 2021,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding]Elsevier BV, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npep.2021.102187DOI ID：10.1016/j.npep.2021.102187,
ISSN：0143-4179 Diurnal changes of colonic motility and regulatory factors for colonic motility in Suncus murinus Yuki Kobayashi; Shota Takemi; Takafumi Sakai; Chikashi Shibata; Ichiro Sakata
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY, Nov. 2021,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding]English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.14302DOI ID：10.1111/nmo.14302,
ISSN：1350-1925,
eISSN：1365-2982,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000723663300001 Pyridoxine stimulates filaggrin production in human epidermal keratinocytes. Miyuki Fujishiro; Shoichi Yahagi; Shota Takemi; Mio Nakahara; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
Molecular biology reports,
Volume：48,
Number：7,
First page：5513,
Last page：5518, Jul. 2021,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding],
［International magazine］Pyridoxine (PN), one of the vitamers of vitamin B6, plays an important role in the maintenance of epidermal function and is used to treat acne and rough skin. Clinical studies have revealed that PN deficiency causes skin problems such as seborrheic dermatitis and stomatitis. However, the detailed effects of PN and its mechanism of action in epidermal function are poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effects of PN on epidermal function in normal human epidermal keratinocytes and found that PN specifically causes an increase in the expression of profilaggrin mRNA, among marker genes of terminal epidermal differentiation. In addition, PN treatment caused an increase in the production of filaggrin protein in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with P2x purinoceptor antagonists, namely, pyridoxal phosphate-6-azo (benzene-2,4-disulfonic acid) tetrasodium salt hydrate and TNP-ATP hydrate, induced an increase in the filaggrin protein levels. Moreover, we showed that elevated filaggrin production induced upon PN treatment was suppressed by ATP (known as P2x purinoceptor agonist). This study is the first to report that PN causes an increase in filaggrin transcription and production, and these results suggest that PN-induced filaggrin production may be a useful target as a daily care component in atopic dermatitis, wherein filaggrin levels are specifically reduced.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-021-06563-yDOI ID：10.1007/s11033-021-06563-y,
PubMed ID：34302584 Ghrelin-cell physiology and role in the gastrointestinal tract. Ichiro Sakata; Shota Takemi
Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity,
Volume：28,
Number：2,
First page：238,
Last page：242, Apr. 2021,
[Reviewed],
[Lead],
［International magazine］PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Ghrelin was discovered in 1999; extensive research and clinical studies on ghrelin have been published in the last 20 years. Physiological research on ghrelin ranges from its appetite-stimulating effects to its association with energy homeostasis. The physiological effects of ghrelin in the gastrointestinal tract and its relevance in the pathological conditions of the gastrointestinal tract have gradually become clearer. The purpose of the review is to provide current information on ghrelin cell biology and physiology, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract. RECENT FINDINGS: Ghrelin-producing cells in the stomach are characterized as X/A-like cells, but immunohistochemical analyses have revealed co-expression of several secreted proteins and hormones in ghrelin-producing cells such as nesfatin-1, somatostatin, and pancreastatin. Furthermore, the local physiological roles and/or mechanisms of ghrelin in gastrointestinal functions such as gastric motility and inflammation are discussed. SUMMARY: Ghrelin is a brain-gut hormone with a wide range of physiological actions; hence, it is important to understand its effects on the physiological functions of the gastrointestinal tract to elucidate the biological significance of ghrelin.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1097/MED.0000000000000610DOI ID：10.1097/MED.0000000000000610,
PubMed ID：33394720 The role of central corticotrophin-releasing factor receptor signalling in plasma glucose maintenance through ghrelin secretion in calorie-restricted mice. Risa Kimura; Daisuke Kondo; Shota Takemi; Miyuki Fujishiro; Shinji Tsukahara; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
Journal of neuroendocrinology,
Volume：33,
Number：3,
First page：e12961, Mar. 2021,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding],
［International magazine］Under severe calorie restriction (CR), the ghrelin-growth hormone axis in mice is involved in the maintenance of plasma glucose levels. Ghrelin, a stomach-derived acylated peptide, is up-regulated by the sympathetic nerve in the negative energy status. Central corticotrophin-releasing factor receptor (CRF-R) signalling stimulates the sympathetic tone. The present study aimed to examine the effect of central CRF-R signalling on the maintenance of plasma glucose concentrations in severe calorie-restricted mice with the involvement of ghrelin. Intracerebroventricular injections of urocorin-1 and urocorin-2, which are natural ligands for CRF-R1 and CRF-R2, elevated plasma ghrelin concentrations and ghrelin elevation with an i.c.v. injection of urocorin-1 was cancelled by atenolol (β1 adrenergic receptor antagonist) administration. We then established a mice model of 60% CR and found that the administration of [d-Lys3]-GHRP-6 (a ghrelin receptor antagonist) in mice under 60% CR reduced the plasma glucose concentration more compared to the vehicle mice. Similarly, the atenolol injection in mice under 60% CR significantly reduced the plasma glucose concentration, which was rescued by the co-administration of ghrelin. An i.c.v. injection of the alpha helical CRH, a non-selective corticotrophin-releasing factor receptor antagonist, in mice under 60% CR significantly reduced the plasma glucose concentration, although the co-administration of α-helical CRH with ghrelin maintained plasma glucose levels. These results suggest that central CRF-R signalling is involved in the maintenance of plasma glucose levels in mice under severe CR via the sympathetic-ghrelin pathway.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1111/jne.12961DOI ID：10.1111/jne.12961,
PubMed ID：33675127 [The basics of the study of gastrointestinal motility]. Shota Takemi; Ichiro Sakata; Takafumi Sakai
Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai zasshi = The Japanese journal of gastro-enterology,
Volume：118,
Number：2,
First page：107,
Last page：113, 2021,
［Domestic magazine］Japanese, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.11405/nisshoshi.118.107DOI ID：10.11405/nisshoshi.118.107,
PubMed ID：33563849 The inhibitory effect of somatostatin on gastric motility in Suncus murinus. Haruka Sekiya; Naho Yokota; Shota Takemi; Keiji Nakayama; Hiroki Okada; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
Journal of smooth muscle research = Nihon Heikatsukin Gakkai kikanshi,
Volume：56,
Number：0,
First page：69,
Last page：81, 2020,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding],
［Domestic magazine］Gastric contractions show two specific patterns in many species, migrating motor contractions (MMC) and postprandial contractions (PPCs), that occur in the fasted and fed states, respectively. In this study, we examined the role of somatostatin (SST) in gastric motility both in vivo and in vitro using the Asian house shrew (Suncus murinus). We performed in vivo recordings of gastric motility and in vitro organ bath experiments using S. murinus, which was recently established as a small laboratory animal for use in tests of gastrointestinal motility. SST (1.65 µg kg-1 min-1) was intravenously administered during phase II of MMC and PPCs. Next, the effect of SST on motilin-induced gastric contractions at phase I of MMC was measured. Cyclosomatostatin (CSST), an SST receptor antagonist, was administered at the peak of phase III of MMC. In addition, the effect of SST (10-11-10-9 M) on motilin-induced gastric contractions was evaluated using an organ bath experiment in vitro. In conscious, free-moving S. murinus, the administration of SST decreased the occurrence of the spontaneous phase II of MMC and PPCs. Pretreatment with SST and octreotide suppressed the induction of motilin-induced gastric contractions both in vivo and in vitro. Administration of CSST before the peak of spontaneous phase III contractions had no effect on gastric contractions. Endogenous SST is not involved in the regulation of gastric MMC and PPCs, but exogenous SST suppresses spontaneous gastric contractions. Thus, SST would be good for treating abnormal gastrointestinal motility disorders.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1540/jsmr.56.69DOI ID：10.1540/jsmr.56.69,
PubMed ID：33473062,
PubMed Central ID：PMC7817339 Identification of pheasant ghrelin and motilin and their actions on contractility of the isolated gastrointestinal tract Shuangyi Zhang; Yuji Okuhara; Mio Iijima; Shota Takemi; Ichiro Sakata; Hiroyuki Kaiya; Hiroki Teraoka; Takio Kitazawa
General and Comparative Endocrinology,
Volume：285,
First page：113294,
Last page：113294, Jan. 2020,
[Reviewed]Elsevier BV, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113294DOI ID：10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113294,
ISSN：0016-6480 Molecular cloning and analysis of Suncus murinus group IIA secretary phospholipase A2 expression. Shota Takemi; Ryo Nishio; Hayato Taguchi; Shiomi Ojima; Mio Matsumoto; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
Developmental and comparative immunology,
Volume：100,
First page：103427,
Last page：103427, Nov. 2019,
［International magazine］The intestinal epithelial monolayer forms a mucosal barrier between the gut microbes and the host tissue. The mucosal barrier is composed of mucins and antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs). Several animal studies have reported that Paneth cells, which occupy the base of intestinal crypts, play an important role in the intestinal innate immunity by producing AMPs, such as lysozyme, Reg3 lectins, α-defensins, and group IIA secretory phospholipase A2 (GIIA sPLA2). The house musk shrew (Suncus murinus) has only a few intestinal commensal bacteria and is reported to lack Paneth cells in the intestine. Although the expression of lysozyme was reported in the suncus intestine, the expression of other AMPs has not yet been reported. Therefore, the current study was focused on GIIA sPLA2 expression in Suncus murinus. GIIA sPLA2 mRNA was found to be most abundant in the spleen and also highly expressed in the intestine. Cells expressing GIIA sPLA2 mRNA were distributed not only in the crypt, but also in the villi. In addition, intragastric injection of lipopolysaccharide increased GIIA sPLA2 expression in the small intestine of suncus. These results suggest that suncus may host unique AMP-secreting cells in the intestine.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2019.103427DOI ID：10.1016/j.dci.2019.103427,
PubMed ID：31278953 Adenosine stimulates neuromedin U mRNA expression in the rat pars tuberalis. Sayaka Aizawa; Tingting Gu; Arisa Kaminoda; Ryuya Fujioka; Fumiya Ojima; Ichiro Sakata; Takafumi Sakai; Maho Ogoshi; Sumio Takahashi; Sakae Takeuchi
Molecular and cellular endocrinology,
Volume：496,
Number：496,
First page：110518,
Last page：110518, Oct. 2019,
[Reviewed],
［International magazine］Neuromedin U (NMU) shows circadian expression in the rat pars tuberalis (PT), and is known to be suppressed by melatonin. Here we examined the involvement of adenosine in the regulation of Nmu expression. We found that the rat PT expressed adenosine receptor A2b and that an adenosine receptor agonist, NECA, stimulated Nmu expression in brain slice cultures. In vitro promoter assays revealed that NECA stimulated Nmu promoter activity via a cAMP response element (CRE) in the presence of adenosine receptor A2b. NECA also increased the levels of phosphorylated CRE-binding protein. These findings suggest that adenosine stimulates Nmu expression by activating the cAMP signaling pathway through adenosine receptor A2b in the rat PT. This is the first report to demonstrate that Nmu expression in the PT is regulated by adenosine, which acts as an intravital central metabolic signal, in addition to melatonin, which acts as an external photoperiodic environmental signal.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2019.110518DOI ID：10.1016/j.mce.2019.110518,
ISSN：0303-7207,
PubMed ID：31344393 Circulating messenger for neuroprotection induced by molecular hydrogen. Mami Noda; Yuya Uemura; Yusuke Yoshii; Taichi Horita; Shota Takemi; Ichiro Sakata; Takafumi Sakai
Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology,
Volume：97,
Number：10,
First page：909,
Last page：915, Oct. 2019,
［International magazine］Molecular hydrogen (H2) showed protection against various kinds of oxidative-stress-related diseases. First, it was reported that the mechanism of therapeutic effects of H2 was antioxidative effect due to inhibition of the most cytotoxic reactive oxygen species, hydroxy radical (•OH). However, after chronic administration of H2 in drinking water, oxidative-stress-induced nerve injury is significantly attenuated even in the absence of H2. It suggests indirect signaling of H2 and gastrointestinal tract is involved. Indirect effects of H2 could be tested by giving H2 water only before nerve injury, as preconditioning. For example, preconditioning of H2 for certain a period (∼7 days) in Parkinson's disease model mice shows significant neuroprotection. As the mechanism of indirect effect, H2 in drinking water induces ghrelin production and release from the stomach via β1-adrenergic receptor stimulation. Released ghrelin circulates in the body, being transported across the blood-brain barrier, activates its receptor, growth-hormone secretagogue receptor. H2-induced upregulation of ghrelin mRNA is also shown in ghrelin-producing cell line, SG-1. These observations help with understanding the chronic effects of H2 and raise intriguing preventive and therapeutic options using H2.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2019-0098DOI ID：10.1139/cjpp-2019-0098,
PubMed ID：31100203 Generation and characterization of Suncus murinus intestinal organoid: a useful tool for studying motilin secretion. Natsumi Takakura; Shota Takemi; Shunsuke Kumaki; Mio Matsumoto; Takafumi Sakai; Ken Iwatsuki; Ichiro Sakata
Cell biology international, Jul. 2019,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding],
［International magazine］Motilin, a 22-amino-acid peptide produced in the upper small intestine, induces strong gastric contraction in fasted state. In many rodents, motilin and its cognate receptors exist as pseudogenes, which has delayed motilin research in the past decades. Recently, the house musk shrew (Suncus murinus) was developed as a useful model for studying motilin and gastrointestinal motility. However, due to a lack of motilin-producing cell lines and difficulties in culturing small intestinal cells, the regulatory mechanisms of motilin secretion and its messenger RNA (mRNA) transcription have remained largely unclear. In this study, we generated small intestinal organoids from S. murinus for the first time. Using methods similar to mouse organoid generation, we found crypt-like budding structures 3 days after isolating intestinal tissues. The organoids grew gradually with time. In addition, the generated organoids were able to be passaged and maintained for 6 months or longer. Motilin messenger RNA (mRNA) and immunopositive cells were observed in both S. murinus intestinal organoids and primary tissues. This is the first report of intestinal organoids in S. murinus, and our results suggest that S. murinus intestinal organoids could be useful for analyzing motilin secretion and transcription.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1002/cbin.11201DOI ID：10.1002/cbin.11201,
PubMed ID：31293061 Identification and characterization of an antimicrobial peptide, lysozyme, from Suncus murinus. Shota Takemi; Shiomi Ojima; Toru Tanaka; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
Cell and tissue research,
Volume：376,
Number：3,
First page：401,
Last page：412, Jun. 2019,
［International magazine］Lysozyme is one of the most prominent antimicrobial peptides and has been identified from many mammalian species. However, this enzyme has not been studied in the order Insectivora, which includes the most primitive placental mammals. Here, we done the lysozyme cDNA from Suncus murinus (referred to as suncus, its laboratory name) and compare the predicted amino acid sequence to those from other mammalian species. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed a relatively higher expression of this gene in the spleen and gastrointestinal tract of suncus. The lysozyme-immunopositive (ip) cells were found mainly in the red pulp of the spleen and in the mucosa of the whole small intestine, including the follicle-associated epithelium and subepithelial dome of Peyer's patches. The lysozyme-ip cells in the small intestine were mostly distributed in the intestinal crypt, although lysozyme-expressing cells were found not only in the crypt but also in the villi. On the other hand, only a few lysozyme-ip cells were found in the villi and some granules showing intense fluorescence were located toward the lumen. As reported for other mammals, Ki67-ip cells were localized in the crypt and did not co-localize with the lysozyme-ip cells. Moreover, fasting induced a decrease in the mRNA levels of lysozyme in the intestine of suncus. In conclusion, we firstly identified the lysozyme mRNA sequence, clarified expression profile of lysozyme transcripts in suncus and found a unique distribution of lysozyme-producing cells in the suncus intestine.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-019-02991-2DOI ID：10.1007/s00441-019-02991-2,
PubMed ID：30680460 β-Oxidation in ghrelin-producing cells is important for ghrelin acyl-modification. Chika Ikenoya; Shota Takemi; Arisa Kaminoda; Sayaka Aizawa; Shiomi Ojima; Zhi Gong; Rakhi Chacrabati; Daisuke Kondo; Reiko Wada; Toru Tanaka; Sachiko Tsuda; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
Scientific reports,
Volume：8,
Number：1,
First page：9176,
Last page：9176, Jun. 2018,
［International magazine］Ghrelin is a unique fatty acid-modified peptide hormone produced in the stomach and has important roles in energy homeostasis and gastrointestinal motility. However, the medium-chain fatty acid source for ghrelin acyl-modification is not known. We found that a fat-free diet and the removal of intestinal microbiota did not decrease acyl-ghrelin production in the stomach or plasma acyl-ghrelin levels in mice. RT-PCR analysis showed that genes involving fatty acid synthesis, metabolism, and transport were expressed in pancreas-derived ghrelinoma (PG-1) cells. Treatment with an irreversible inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) strongly decreased acylated ghrelin levels but did not affect ghrelin or ghrelin o-acyl transferase (GOAT) mRNA levels in PG-1 cells. Our results suggest that the medium-chain fatty acid used for the acyl-modification of ghrelin is produced in ghrelin-producing cells themselves by β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids provided from the circulation.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-27458-2DOI ID：10.1038/s41598-018-27458-2,
PubMed ID：29907775,
PubMed Central ID：PMC6003948 Study of termination of postprandial gastric contractions in humans, dogs and Suncus murinus: role of motilin- and ghrelin-induced strong contraction T. Mikami; K. Ito; H. O. Diaz-Tartera; P. M. Hellström; E. Mochiki; S. Takemi; T. Tanaka; S. Tsuda; T. Jogahara; I. Sakata; T. Sakai
Acta Physiologica,
Volume：222,
Number：2, Feb. 2018,
[Reviewed]Blackwell Publishing Ltd, English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.12933DOI ID：10.1111/apha.12933,
ISSN：1748-1716,
PubMed ID：28786555,
SCOPUS ID：85029411372 GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons in the brain regulate phase II of migrating motor contractions in the Suncus murinus. Taichi Horita; Kouhei Koyama; Shota Takemi; Toru Tanaka; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
Journal of smooth muscle research = Nihon Heikatsukin Gakkai kikanshi,
Volume：54,
Number：0,
First page：91,
Last page：99, 2018,
[Reviewed],
[Corresponding],
［Domestic magazine］Gastric contractions exhibit characteristic motor patterns in the fasted state, known as migrating motor contractions (MMC). MMC consist of three periodically repeated phases (phase I, II and III) and are known to be regulated by hormones and the autonomic and enteric nervous systems. However, the central regulation of gastric contractions in the fasted state is not completely understood. Here, we have examined the central effects of motilin, ghrelin, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and L-glutamate signaling on gastric MMC by using suncus (Suncus murinus) as an animal model, because of their similar gastric motor patterns to those observed in humans and dogs. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of motilin and ghrelin had no effect on phase I and II contractions, respectively. Conversely, i.c.v. administration of GABAA receptor antagonist, during phase I of the MMC, evoked phase II-like contractions and significantly increased the motility index (MI). This was compared with the i.c.v. administration of GABA which inhibited spontaneous phase II contractions with a significantly decreased MI. In addition, i.c.v. administration of L-glutamate during phase I also induced phase II-like irregular contractions with a significant increase in the MI. Taken together with previous findings, these results suggest that central GABAergic and glutamatergic signaling, with the coordination of both peripheral motilin and ghrelin, regulate phase II contractions of MMC in the fasted state.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1540/jsmr.54.91DOI ID：10.1540/jsmr.54.91,
PubMed ID：30787212,
PubMed Central ID：PMC6380905 Milk basic protein increases ghrelin secretion and bone mineral density in rodents Yuko Ishida; Rakhi Chacrabati; Aiko Ono-Ohmachi; Zhi Gong; Chika Ikenoya; Sayaka Aizawa; Takayuki Y. Nara; Yoshikazu Morita; Ken Kato; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
Nutrition,
Volume：39-40,
First page：15,
Last page：19, Jul. 2017
Elsevier BV, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2017.02.003DOI ID：10.1016/j.nut.2017.02.003,
ISSN：0899-9007 Underlying mechanism of the cyclic migrating motor complex in Suncus murinus: a change in gastrointestinal pH is the key regulator. Anupom Mondal; Kouhei Koyama; Takashi Mikami; Taichi Horita; Shota Takemi; Sachiko Tsuda; Ichiro Sakata; Takafumi Sakai
Physiological reports,
Volume：5,
Number：1, Jan. 2017,
［International magazine］In the fasted gastrointestinal (GI) tract, a characteristic cyclical rhythmic migrating motor complex (MMC) occurs in an ultradian rhythm, at 90-120 min time intervals, in many species. However, the underlying mechanism directing this ultradian rhythmic MMC pattern is yet to be completely elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the possible causes or factors that involve in the occurrence of the fasting gastric contractions by using Suncus murinus a small model animal featuring almost the same rhythmic MMC as that found in humans and dogs. We observed that either intraduodenal infusion of saline at pH 8 evoked the strong gastric contraction or continuously lowering duodenal pH to 3-evoked gastric phase II-like and phase III-like contractions, and both strong contractions were essentially abolished by the intravenous administration of MA 2029 (motilin receptor antagonist) and D-Lys3-GHRP6 (ghrelin receptor antagonist) in a vagus-independent manner. Moreover, we observed that the prostaglandin E2-alpha (PGE2-α) and serotonin type 4 (5HT4) receptors play important roles as intermediate molecules in changes in GI pH and motilin release. These results suggest a clear insight mechanism that change in the duodenal pH to alkaline condition is an essential factor for stimulating the endogenous release of motilin and governs the fasting MMC in a vagus-independent manner. Finally, we believe that the changes in duodenal pH triggered by flowing gastric acid and the release of duodenal bicarbonate through the involvement of PGE2-α and 5HT4 receptor are the key events in the occurrence of the MMC.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13105DOI ID：10.14814/phy2.13105,
PubMed ID：28082431,
PubMed Central ID：PMC5256163 The study of ghrelin secretion and acyl-modification using mice and ghrelinoma cell lines
Ichiro Sakata; Zhi Gong; Chika Ikenoya; Shota Takemi; Takafumi Sakai
ENDOCRINE JOURNAL, Volume：64, First page：S27, Last page：S29, 2017, [Reviewed]
English, Scientific journal
ISSN：0918-8959, eISSN：1348-4540, Web of Science ID：WOS:000414045000007
The important role of ghrelin on gastric contraction in Suncus murinus
Shota Takemi; Ichiro Sakata; Kayuri Kuroda; Yuki Miyano; Anupon Mondal; Takafumi Sakai
ENDOCRINE JOURNAL, Volume：64, First page：S11, Last page：S14, 2017, [Reviewed]
English, Scientific journal
ISSN：0918-8959, eISSN：1348-4540, Web of Science ID：WOS:000414045000003
Identification of marker genes for pars tuberalis morphogenesis in chick embryo: expression of Cytokine-like 1 and Gap junction protein alpha 5 in pars tuberalis.
Sayaka Aizawa; Yuriko Higaki; Amrita Dudaui; Mai Nagasaka; Sumio Takahashi; Ichiro Sakata; Takafumi Sakai
Cell and tissue research, Volume：366, Number：3, First page：721, Last page：731, Dec. 2016, ［International magazine］
The adenohypophysis is formed from the oral ectoderm and consists of the pars distalis (PD), pars intermedia, and pars tuberalis (PT). The mechanisms of PD development have been extensively studied, and the cellular differentiation of the PD is well understood. However, the morphogenesis and differentiation of the PT are still unclear, and the genes expressed during PT development remain largely unknown. We have explored genes specifically expressed in the PT during embryonic development and analyzed their spatiotemporal expression patterns. Microarray analysis of laser-captured PT and PD tissues obtained from chick embryos on embryonic day 10 (E10.0) has shown high expression of Cytokine-like 1 (CYTL1) and Gap junction protein alpha 5 (GJA5) genes in the PT. Detailed analysis of these spatiotemporal expression patterns during chick embryo development by in situ hybridization has revealed that CYTL1 mRNA first appears in the lateral head ectoderm and ventral head ectoderm at E1.5. The expression of CYTL1 moves into Rathke's pouch at E2.5 and is then localized in the PT primordium where it is continuously expressed until E12.0. GJA5 mRNA is transiently detected in the PT primordium from E6.0 to E12.0, whereas its expression is not detected in the PD during development. Thus, these genes might be involved in the regulation mechanisms of PT development and could be useful markers for PT development.
English, Scientific journal
eISSN：1432-0878, PubMed ID：27590887
A Sexually Dimorphic Area of the Dorsal Hypothalamus in Mice and Common Marmosets Yadanar Moe; Chaw Kyi-Tha-Thu; Tomoko Tanaka; Hiroto Ito; Satowa Yahashi; Ken-Ichi Matsuda; Mitsuhiro Kawata; Goro Katsuura; Fumihiro Iwashige; Ichiro Sakata; Atsushi Akune; Akio Inui; Takafumi Sakai; Sonoko Ogawa; Shinji Tsukahara
ENDOCRINOLOGY,
Volume：157,
Number：12,
First page：4817,
Last page：4828, Dec. 2016,
[Reviewed]English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2016-1428DOI ID：10.1210/en.2016-1428,
ISSN：0013-7227,
eISSN：1945-7170,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000392840400032 Molecular Cloning of Ghrelin and Characteristics of Ghrelin-Producing Cells in the Gastrointestinal Tract of the Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) Shota Takemi; Ichiro Sakata; Auvijit Saha Apu; Shinji Tsukahara; Satowa Yahashi; Goro Katsuura; Fumihiro Iwashige; Atsushi Akune; Akio Inui; Takafumi Sakai
ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE,
Volume：33,
Number：5,
First page：497,
Last page：504, Oct. 2016,
[Reviewed]English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.2108/zs160020DOI ID：10.2108/zs160020,
ISSN：0289-0003,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000385345800007 A comparative study of sex difference in calbindin neurons among mice, musk shrews, and Japanese quails Yadanar Moe; Tomoko Tanaka; Masahiro Morishita; Ryoko Ohata; Chihiro Nakahara; Takaharu Kawashima; Fumihiko Maekawa; Ichiro Sakata; Takafumi Sakai; Shinji Tsukahara
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS,
Volume：631,
First page：63,
Last page：69, Sep. 2016,
[Reviewed]English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2016.08.018DOI ID：10.1016/j.neulet.2016.08.018,
ISSN：0304-3940,
eISSN：1872-7972,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000384786600011 Molecular cloning of motilin and mechanism of motilin-induced gastrointestinal motility in Japanese quail. Auvijit Saha Apu; Anupom Mondal; Takio Kitazawa; Shota Takemi; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
General and comparative endocrinology,
Volume：233,
First page：53,
Last page：62, Jul. 2016,
［International magazine］Motilin, a peptide hormone produced in the upper intestinal mucosa, plays an important role in the regulation of gastrointestinal (GI) motility. In the present study, we first determined the cDNA and amino acid sequences of motilin in the Japanese quail and studied the distribution of motilin-producing cells in the gastrointestinal tract. We also examined the motilin-induced contractile properties of quail GI tracts using an in vitro organ bath, and then elucidated the mechanisms of motilin-induced contraction in the proventriculus and duodenum of the quail. Mature quail motilin was composed of 22 amino acid residues, which showed high homology with chicken (95.4%), human (72.7%), and dog (72.7%) motilin. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that motilin-immunopositive cells were present in the mucosal layer of the duodenum (23.4±4.6cells/mm(2)), jejunum (15.2±0.8cells/mm(2)), and ileum (2.5±0.7cells/mm(2)), but were not observed in the crop, proventriculus, and colon. In the organ bath study, chicken motilin induced dose-dependent contraction in the proventriculus and small intestine. On the other hand, chicken ghrelin had no effect on contraction in the GI tract. Motilin-induced contraction in the duodenum was not inhibited by atropine, hexamethonium, ritanserin, ondansetron, or tetrodotoxin. However, motilin-induced contractions in the proventriculus were significantly inhibited by atropine and tetrodotoxin. These results suggest that motilin is the major stimulant of GI contraction in quail, as it is in mammals and the site of action of motilin is different between small intestine and proventriculus.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.05.017DOI ID：10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.05.017,
PubMed ID：27179882 The proximal gastric corpus is the most responsive site of motilin-induced contractions in the stomach of the Asian house shrew. Amrita Dudani; Sayaka Aizawa; Gong Zhi; Toru Tanaka; Takamichi Jogahara; Ichiro Sakata; Takafumi Sakai
Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology,
Volume：186,
Number：5,
First page：665,
Last page：75, Jul. 2016,
［International magazine］The migrating motor complex (MMC) is responsible for emptying the stomach during the interdigestive period, in preparation for the next meal. It is known that gastric phase III of MMC starts from the proximal stomach and propagates the contraction downwards. We hypothesized that a certain region of the stomach must be more responsive to motilin than others, and that motilin-induced strong gastric contractions propagate from that site. Stomachs of the Suncus or Asian house shrew, a small insectivorous mammal, were dissected and the fundus, proximal corpus, distal corpus, and antrum were examined to study the effect of motilin using an organ bath experiment. Motilin-induced contractions differed in different parts of the stomach. Only the proximal corpus induced gastric contraction even at motilin 10(-10) M, and strong contraction was induced by motilin 10(-9) M in all parts of the stomach. The GPR38 mRNA expression was also higher in the proximal corpus than in the other sections, and the lowest expression was observed in the antrum. GPR38 mRNA expression varied with low expression in the mucosal layer and high expression in the muscle layer. Additionally, motilin-induced contractions in each dissected part of the stomach were inhibited by tetrodotoxin and atropine pretreatment. These results suggest that motilin reactivity is not consistent throughout the stomach, and an area of the proximal corpus including the cardia is the most sensitive to motilin.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-016-0985-1DOI ID：10.1007/s00360-016-0985-1,
PubMed ID：27062028 Involvement of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Receptor 1, (TRPV1)-Expressing Vagal Nerve in the Inhibitory Effect of Gastric Acidification on Exogenous Motilin-Induced Gastric Phase III Contractions in Suncus murinus Makoto Yoshimura; Takashi Mikami; Kayuri Kuroda; Maki Nishida; Kazuma Ito; Anupom Mondal; Kouhei Koyama; Takamichi Jogahara; Ichiro Sakata; Takafumi Sakai
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES,
Volume：61,
Number：6,
First page：1501,
Last page：1511, Jun. 2016,
[Reviewed]English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-015-4023-zDOI ID：10.1007/s10620-015-4023-z,
ISSN：0163-2116,
eISSN：1573-2568,
PubMed ID：26860510,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000376587600016 Ghrelin Is an Essential Factor for Motilin-Induced Gastric Contraction in Suncus murinus. Kayuri Kuroda; Huang Hequing; Anupom Mondal; Makoto Yoshimura; Kazuma Ito; Takashi Mikami; Shota Takemi; Takamichi Jogahara; Ichiro Sakata; Takafumi Sakai
Endocrinology,
Volume：156,
Number：12,
First page：4437,
Last page：47, Dec. 2015,
［International magazine］Motilin was discovered in the 1970s as the most important hormone for stimulating strong gastric contractions; however, the mechanisms by which motilin causes gastric contraction are not clearly understood. Here, we determined the coordinated action of motilin and ghrelin on gastric motility during fasted and postprandial contractions by using house musk shrew (Suncus murinus; order: Insectivora, suncus named as the laboratory strain). Motilin-induced gastric contractions at phases I and II of the migrating motor complex were inhibited by pretreatment with (D-Lys(3))-GHRP-6 (6 mg/kg/h), a ghrelin receptor antagonist. Administration of the motilin receptor antagonist MA-2029 (0.1 mg/kg) and/or (D-Lys(3))-GHRP-6 (0.6 mg/kg) at the peak of phase III abolished the spontaneous gastric phase III contractions in vivo. Motilin did not stimulate gastric contractions in the postprandial state. However, in the presence of a low dose of ghrelin, motilin evoked phase III-like gastric contractions even in the postprandial state, and postprandial gastric emptying was accelerated. In addition, pretreatment with (D-Lys(3))-GHRP-6 blocked the motilin-induced gastric contraction in vitro and in vivo, and a γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonist reversed this block in gastric contraction. These results indicate that blockade of the GABAergic pathway by ghrelin is essential for motilin-induced gastric contraction.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2015-1561DOI ID：10.1210/en.2015-1561,
PubMed ID：26441238 Motilin stimulates pepsinogen secretion in Suncus murinus Chayon Goswami; Toru Tanaka; Takamichi Jogahara; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS,
Volume：462,
Number：3,
First page：263,
Last page：268, Jul. 2015,
[Reviewed]English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.129DOI ID：10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.129,
ISSN：0006-291X,
eISSN：1090-2104,
PubMed ID：25957475,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000356319900016 Rikkunshito induces gastric relaxation via the β-adrenergic pathway in Suncus murinus A. Mondal; A. Takehara; S. Aizawa; T. Tanaka; N. Fujitsuka; T. Hattori; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
Neurogastroenterology and Motility,
Volume：27,
Number：6,
First page：875,
Last page：884, Jun. 2015
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.12564DOI ID：10.1111/nmo.12564,
ISSN：1365-2982,
PubMed ID：25846270,
SCOPUS ID：84929656075 Regulation of LH/FSH expression by secretoglobin 3A2 in the mouse pituitary gland Yuki Miyano; Shigeyuki Tahara; Ichiro Sakata; Takafumi Sakai; Hiroyuki Abe; Shioko Kimura; Reiko Kurotani
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH,
Volume：356,
Number：1,
First page：253,
Last page：260, Apr. 2014,
[Reviewed]English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-014-1794-zDOI ID：10.1007/s00441-014-1794-z,
ISSN：0302-766X,
eISSN：1432-0878,
PubMed ID：24514953,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000334175100023 G protein-coupled receptor 120 signaling regulates ghrelin secretion in vivo and in vitro. Zhi Gong; Makoto Yoshimura; Sayaka Aizawa; Reiko Kurotani; Jeffrey M Zigman; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism,
Volume：306,
Number：1,
First page：E28-35, Jan. 2014,
［International magazine］Ghrelin, an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, is produced predominantly in the stomach. It has been reported that endogenous ghrelin levels are increased by fasting and decreased immediately after feeding and that fasting-induced ghrelin release is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system. However, the mechanisms of plasma ghrelin decrement after feeding are poorly understood. Here, we studied the control of ghrelin secretion using ghrelin-producing cell lines and found that these cells express high levels of mRNA encoding G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120). Addition of GW-9508 (a GPR120 chemical agonist) and α-linolenic acid (a natural ligand for GPR120) inhibited the secretion of ghrelin by ∼50 and 70%, respectively. However, the expression levels of preproghrelin and ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) mRNAs were not influenced by GW-9508. In contrast, the expression levels of prohormone convertase 1 were decreased significantly by GW-9508 incubation. Moreover, we observed that the inhibitory effect of GW-9508 on ghrelin secretion was blocked by a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the sequence of GPR120. Furthermore, pretreatment with GW-9508 blocked the effect of the norepinephrine (NE)-induced ghrelin elevation in ghrelin cell lines. In addition, we showed that GW-9508 inhibited ghrelin secretion via extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity in ghrelin cell lines. Finally, we found that GW-9508 decreased plasma ghrelin levels in mice. These results suggest that the decrease of ghrelin secretion after feeding is induced partially by long-chain fatty acids that act directly on gastric GPR120-expressing ghrelin cells.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00306.2013DOI ID：10.1152/ajpendo.00306.2013,
PubMed ID：24222669 Detailed morphogenetic analysis of the embryonic chicken pars tuberalis as glycoprotein alpha subunit positive region. Makiko Inoue; Sayaka Aizawa; Yuriko Higaki; Akira Kawashima; Kanako Koike; Hiroyasu Takagi; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
Journal of molecular histology,
Volume：44,
Number：4,
First page：401,
Last page：9, Aug. 2013,
［International magazine］The pars tuberalis (PT) is a part of the anterior pituitary gland that is located as a thin cell layer surrounding the median eminence. The characteristics of PT, including cell shape and cell composition, differ from those of the pars distalis (PD), suggesting that PT has unique physiological functions and different morphogenesis compared to PD. In this study, we used chicken embryos and showed for the first time that most hormone-producing cells in PT at embryonic day (E) 20.0 were only glycoprotein α subunit (αGSU)-positive staining cells. Then, using serial frontal and sagittal sections, we examined the detailed distribution of the αGSU mRNA-expressing region, as a marker of PT in the chicken embryonic pituitary gland during the E3.0-20.0 period. This three-dimensional expression pattern analysis clarified that αGSU mRNA expression initially appeared only in the bilateral regions of the Rathke's recess (RR) at E3.5, and this region expanded and showed a ring-like structure on RR. Subsequently, this αGSU mRNA-expressing region gradually expanded upward and reached the diencephalon at E8.0. This region became thinner as it surrounded the base of the diencephalon from E12.0 to E20.0. In this study, we demonstrated the detailed morphological changes of the chicken PT primordium by detecting αGSU mRNA, and we also showed that PT is a unique region in the early developmental stage.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1007/s10735-012-9479-yDOI ID：10.1007/s10735-012-9479-y,
PubMed ID：23269505 Mechanism of ghrelin-induced gastric contractions in Suncus murinus (house musk shrew): involvement of intrinsic primary afferent neurons. Anupom Mondal; Sayaka Aizawa; Ichiro Sakata; Chayon Goswami; Sen-ichi Oda; Takafumi Sakai
PloS one,
Volume：8,
Number：4,
First page：e60365, 2013,
［International magazine］Here, we have reported that motilin can induce contractions in a dose-dependent manner in isolated Suncus murinus (house musk shrew) stomach. We have also shown that after pretreatment with a low dose of motilin (10(-10) M), ghrelin also induces gastric contractions at levels of 10(-10) M to 10(-7) M. However, the neural mechanism of ghrelin action in the stomach has not been fully revealed. In the present study, we studied the mechanism of ghrelin-induced contraction in vitro using a pharmacological method. The responses to ghrelin in the stomach were almost completely abolished by hexamethonium and were significantly suppressed by the administration of phentolamine, prazosin, ondansetron, and naloxone. Additionally, N-nitro-l-arginine methylester significantly potentiated the contractions. Importantly, the mucosa is essential for ghrelin-induced, but not motilin-induced, gastric contractions. To evaluate the involvement of intrinsic primary afferent neurons (IPANs), which are multiaxonal neurons that pass signals from the mucosa to the myenteric plexus, we examined the effect of the IPAN-related pathway on ghrelin-induced contractions and found that pretreatment with adenosine and tachykinergic receptor 3 antagonists (SR142801) significantly eliminated the contractions and GR113808 (5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 antagonist) almost completely eliminated it. The results indicate that ghrelin stimulates and modulates suncus gastric contractions through cholinergic, adrenergic, serotonergic, opioidergic neurons and nitric oxide synthases in the myenteric plexus. The mucosa is also important for ghrelin-induced gastric contractions, and IPANs may be the important interneurons that pass the signal from the mucosa to the myenteric plexus.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060365DOI ID：10.1371/journal.pone.0060365,
PubMed ID：23565235,
PubMed Central ID：PMC3614873 The role of the vagus nerve in the migrating motor complex and ghrelin- and motilin-induced gastric contraction in suncus. Yuki Miyano; Ichiro Sakata; Kayuri Kuroda; Sayaka Aizawa; Toru Tanaka; Takamichi Jogahara; Reiko Kurotani; Takafumi Sakai
PloS one,
Volume：8,
Number：5,
First page：e64777, 2013,
［International magazine］The upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract undergoes a temporally coordinated cyclic motor pattern known as the migrating motor complex (MMC) in both dogs and humans during the fasted state. Feeding results in replacement of the MMC by a pattern of noncyclic, intermittent contractile activity termed as postprandial contractions. Although the MMC is known to be stimulated by motilin, recent studies have shown that ghrelin, which is from the same peptide family as motilin, is also involved in the regulation of the MMC. In the present study, we investigated the role of the vagus nerve on gastric motility using conscious suncus-a motilin- and ghrelin-producing small animal. During the fasted state, cyclic MMC comprising phases I, II, and III was observed in both sham-operated and vagotomized suncus; however, the duration and motility index (MI) of phase II was significantly decreased in vagotomized animals. Motilin infusion (50 ng·kg(-1)·min(-1) for 10 min) during phase I had induced phase III-like contractions in both sham-operated and vagotomized animals. Ghrelin infusion (0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, or 10 µg·kg(-1)·min(-1) for 10 min) enhanced the amplitude of phase II MMC in sham-operated animals, but not in vagotomized animals. After feeding, phase I was replaced by postprandial contractions, and motilin infusion (50 ng·kg(-1)·min(-1) for 10 min) did not induce phase III-like contractions in sham-operated suncus. However, in vagotomized suncus, feeding did not evoke postprandial contractions, but exogenous motilin injection strongly induced phase III-like contractions, as noted during the phase I period. Thus, the results indicate that ghrelin stimulates phase II of the MMC via the vagus nerve in suncus. Furthermore, the vagus nerve is essential for initiating postprandial contractions, and inhibition of the phase III-like contractions induced by motilin is highly dependent on the vagus nerve.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064777DOI ID：10.1371/journal.pone.0064777,
PubMed ID：23724093,
PubMed Central ID：PMC3665597 Negative regulation of neuromedin U mRNA expression in the rat pars tuberalis by melatonin. Sayaka Aizawa; Ichiro Sakata; Mai Nagasaka; Yuriko Higaki; Takafumi Sakai
PloS one,
Volume：8,
Number：7,
First page：e67118, 2013,
［International magazine］The pars tuberalis (PT) is part of the anterior pituitary gland surrounding the median eminence as a thin cell layer. The characteristics of PT differ from those of the pars distalis (PD), such as cell composition and gene expression, suggesting that the PT has a unique physiological function compared to the PD. Because the PT highly expresses melatonin receptor type 1, it is considered a mediator of seasonal and/or circadian signals of melatonin. Expression of neuromedin U (NMU) that is known to regulate energy balance has been previously reported in the rat PT; however, the regulatory mechanism of NMU mRNA expression and secretion in the PT are still obscure. In this study, we examined both the diurnal change of NMU mRNA expression in the rat PT and the effects of melatonin on NMU in vivo. In situ hybridization and quantitative PCR analysis of laser microdissected PT samples revealed that NMU mRNA expression in the PT has diurnal variation that is high during the light phase and low during the dark phase. Furthermore, melatonin administration significantly suppressed NMU mRNA expression in the PT in vivo. On the other hand, 48 h fasting did not have an effect on PT-NMU mRNA expression, and the diurnal change of NMU mRNA expression was maintained. We also found the highest expression of neuromedin U receptor type 2 (NMUR2) mRNA in the third ventricle ependymal cell layer, followed by the arcuate nucleus and the spinal cord. These results suggest that NMU mRNA expression in the PT is downregulated by melatonin during the dark phase and shows diurnal change. Considering that NMU mRNA in the PT showed the highest expression level in the brain, PT-NMU may act on NMUR2 in the brain, especially in the third ventricle ependymal cell layer, with a circadian rhythm.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0067118DOI ID：10.1371/journal.pone.0067118,
PubMed ID：23843987,
PubMed Central ID：PMC3699551 Ghrelin increases intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration in the various hormone-producing cell types of the rat pituitary gland. Mami Yamazaki; Sayaka Aizawa; Toru Tanaka; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
Neuroscience letters,
Volume：526,
Number：1,
First page：29,
Last page：32, Sep. 2012,
［International magazine］Ghrelin, isolated from the stomach as an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R), has potent growth hormone release ability in vivo and in vitro. Although GHS-R is abundantly expressed in the pituitary gland, there is no direct evidence of a relationship between hormone-producing cells and functional GHS-R in the pituitary gland. The aim of this study was to determine which anterior pituitary cells respond to ghrelin stimulation in male rats. We performed Fura-2 Ca(2+) imaging analysis using isolated pituitary cells, and performed immunocytochemistry to identify the type of pituitary hormone-producing cells. In Fura-2 Ca(2+) imaging analysis, ghrelin administration increased the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration in approximately 50% of total isolated anterior pituitary cells, and 20% of these cells strongly responded to ghrelin. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed that 82.9 ± 1.3% of cells that responded to ghrelin stimulation were GH-immunopositive. On the other hand, PRL-, LH-, and ACTH-immunopositive cells constituted 2.0 ± 0.3%, 12.6 ± 0.3%, and 2.5 ± 0.8% of ghrelin-responding pituitary cells, respectively. TSH-immunopositive cells did not respond to ghrelin treatment. These results suggest that ghrelin directly acts not only on somatotrophs, but also on mammotrophs, gonadotrophs, and corticotrophs in the rat pituitary gland.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2012.07.063DOI ID：10.1016/j.neulet.2012.07.063,
PubMed ID：22897875 In vitro selection of a peptide antagonist of growth hormone secretagogue receptor using cDNA display Shingo Ueno; Sayaka Yoshida; Anupom Mondal; Kazuya Nishina; Makoto Koyama; Ichiro Sakata; Kenju Miura; Yujiro Hayashi; Naoto Nemoto; Koichi Nishigaki; Takafumi Sakai
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Volume：109,
Number：28,
First page：11121,
Last page：11126, Jul. 2012,
[Reviewed]English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1203561109DOI ID：10.1073/pnas.1203561109,
ISSN：0027-8424,
PubMed ID：22723348,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000306642100026 Molecular identification of GHS-R and GPR38 in Suncus murinus. Airi Suzuki; Yuko Ishida; Sayaka Aizawa; Ichiro Sakata; Chihiro Tsutsui; Anupom Mondal; Koike Kanako; Takafumi Sakai
Peptides,
Volume：36,
Number：1,
First page：29,
Last page：38, Jul. 2012,
［International magazine］We previously identified ghrelin and motilin genes in Suncus murinus (suncus), and also revealed that motilin induces phase III-like strong contractions in the suncus stomach in vivo, as observed in humans and dogs. Moreover, repeated migrating motor complexes were found in the gastrointestinal tract of suncus at regular 120-min intervals. We therefore proposed suncus as a small laboratory animal model for the study of gastrointestinal motility. In the present study, we identified growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) and motilin receptor (GPR38) genes in the suncus. We also examined their tissue distribution throughout the body. The amino acids of suncus GHS-R and GPR38 showed high homology with those of other mammals and shared 42% amino acid identity. RT-PCR showed that both the receptors were expressed in the hypothalamus, medulla oblongata, pituitary gland and the nodose ganglion in the central nervous system. In addition, GHS-R mRNA expressions were detected throughout the stomach and intestine, whereas GPR38 was expressed in the gastric muscle layer, lower intestine, lungs, heart, and pituitary gland. These results suggest that ghrelin and motilin affect gut motility and energy metabolism via specific receptors expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and/or in the central nervous system of suncus.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2012.04.019DOI ID：10.1016/j.peptides.2012.04.019,
PubMed ID：22579813 Detailed analysis of the δ-crystallin mRNA-expressing region in early development of the chick pituitary gland. Makiko Inoue; Tomoya Shiina; Sayaka Aizawa; Ichiro Sakata; Hiroyasu Takagi; Takafumi Sakai
Journal of molecular histology,
Volume：43,
Number：3,
First page：273,
Last page：80, Jun. 2012,
［International magazine］Although δ-crystallin (δ-crys), also known as lens protein, is transiently expressed in Rathke's pouch (RP) of the chick embryo, detailed temporal and spatial expression patterns have been obscure. In this study, to understand the relationship between the δ-crys mRNA-expressing region and RP formation, we examined the embryonic expression pattern of δ-crys mRNA in the primordium of the adenohypophysis. δ-crys mRNA expression was initially found at stage 15 anterior to the foregut and posterior to the invaginated oral ectoderm. After RP formation, the δ-crys mRNA was expressed in the post-ventral region of RP and the anterior region of RP. δ-crys mRNA expression was then restricted to the cephalic lobe of the pituitary gland. From stage 20, the δ-crys and alpha-glycoprotein subunit (αGSU) mRNA-expressing regions were almost completely overlapping. The αGSU mRNA-expressing region is thought to be the primordium of the pars tuberalis, and these regions were overlapped with the Lhx3 mRNA-expressing region. The intensity of δ-crys mRNA expression gradually decreased with development and completely disappeared by stage 34. These results suggest that the embryonic chick pituitary gland consists of two different regions labeled with δ-crys and Lhx3.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1007/s10735-012-9407-1DOI ID：10.1007/s10735-012-9407-1,
PubMed ID：22461196 Coordination of motilin and ghrelin regulates the migrating motor complex of gastrointestinal motility in Suncus murinus. Anupom Mondal; Zuoyun Xie; Yuki Miyano; Chihiro Tsutsui; Ichiro Sakata; Yoichi Kawamoto; Sayaka Aizawa; Toru Tanaka; Sen-ichi Oda; Takafumi Sakai
American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology,
Volume：302,
Number：10,
First page：G1207-15, May 2012,
［International magazine］Motilin and ghrelin are the gastrointestinal (GI) hormones released in a fasting state to stimulate the GI motility of the migrating motor complex (MMC). We focused on coordination of the ghrelin/motilin family in gastric contraction in vivo and in vitro using the house musk shrew (Suncus murinus), a ghrelin- and motilin-producing mammal. To measure the contractile activity of the stomach in vivo, we recorded GI contractions either in the free-moving conscious or anesthetized S. murinus and examined the effects of administration of motilin and/or ghrelin on spontaneous MMC in the fasting state. In the in vitro study, we also studied the coordinative effect of these hormones on the isolated stomach using an organ bath. In the fasting state, phase I, II, and III contractions were clearly recorded in the gastric body (as observed in humans and dogs). Intravenous infusion of ghrelin stimulated gastric contraction in the latter half of phase I and in the phase II in a dose-dependent manner. Continuous intravenous infusion of ghrelin antagonist (d-Lys3-GHRP6) significantly suppressed spontaneous phase II contractions and prolonged the time of occurrence of the peak of phase III contractions. However, intravenous infusion of motilin antagonist (MA-2029) did not inhibit phase II contractions but delayed the occurrence of phase III contractions of the MMC. In the in vitro study, even though a high dose of ghrelin did not stimulate contraction of stomach preparations, ghrelin administration (10(-10)-10(-7) M) with pretreatment of a low dose of motilin (10(-10) M) induced gastric contraction in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with 10(-8) M ghrelin enhanced motilin-stimulated gastric contractions by 10 times. The interrelation of these peptides was also demonstrated in the anesthetized S. murinus. The results suggest that ghrelin is important for the phase II contraction and that coordination of motilin and ghrelin are necessary to initiate phase III contraction of the MMC.
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00379.2011DOI ID：10.1152/ajpgi.00379.2011,
PubMed ID：22383491 Glutamine and glutamic acid enhance thyroid-stimulating hormone beta subunit mRNA expression in the rat pars tuberalis Sayaka Aizawa; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY,
Volume：212,
Number：3,
First page：383,
Last page：394, Mar. 2012,
[Reviewed]English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-11-0388DOI ID：10.1530/JOE-11-0388,
ISSN：0022-0795,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000302116400013 Physiological characteristics of gastric contractions and circadian gastric motility in the free-moving conscious house musk shrew (Suncus murinus) Satoshi Sakahara; Zuoyun Xie; Kanako Koike; Satoya Hoshino; Ichiro Sakata; Sen-Ichi Oda; Toku Takahashi; Takafumi Sakai
American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology,
Volume：299,
Number：4,
First page：R1106,
Last page：R1113, Oct. 2010
English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00278.2010DOI ID：10.1152/ajpregu.00278.2010,
ISSN：0363-6119,
PubMed ID：20686171,
SCOPUS ID：77957604330 Detailed analysis of formation of chicken pituitary primordium in early embryonic development Hiroyasu Takagi; Keiko Nagashima; Makiko Inoue; Ichiro Sakata; Takafumi Sakai
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH,
Volume：333,
Number：3,
First page：417,
Last page：426, Sep. 2008,
[Reviewed]English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-008-0647-zDOI ID：10.1007/s00441-008-0647-z,
ISSN：0302-766X,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000258528200006 Gastric leptin, but not estrogen and somatostatin, contributes to the elevation of ghrelin mRNA expression level in fasted rats Zheng Zhao; Ichiro Sakata; Yusuke Okubo; Kanako Koike; Kenji Kangawa; Takafumi Sakai
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY,
Volume：196,
Number：3,
First page：529,
Last page：538, Mar. 2008,
[Reviewed]English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-07-0300DOI ID：10.1677/JOE-07-0300,
ISSN：0022-0795,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000254297800009 DNA introduction into living cells by water droplet impact with an electrospray process Yusuke Okubo; Kazuto Ikemoto; Kanako Koike; Chihiro Tsutsui; Ichiro Sakata; Osamu Takei; Akihito Adachi; Takafumi Sakai
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION,
Volume：47,
Number：8,
First page：1429,
Last page：1431, 2008,
[Reviewed]English, Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200704429DOI ID：10.1002/anie.200704429,
ISSN：1433-7851,
PubMed ID：18203224,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000253345700013 Identification of immunoreactive plasma and stomach ghrelin, and expression of stomach ghrelin mRNA in the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana Hiroyuki Kaiya; Ichiro Sakata; Kazutoshi Yamamoto; Aya Koda; Takafumi Sakai; Kenji Kangawa; Sakae Kikuyama
General and Comparative Endocrinology,
Volume：148,
Number：2,
First page：236,
Last page：244, Sep. 2006
Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2006.03.008Scopus：https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=33746564831&origin=inwardScopus Citedby：https://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=33746564831&origin=inwardDOI ID：10.1016/j.ygcen.2006.03.008,
ISSN：0016-6480,
eISSN：1095-6840,
PubMed ID：16630619,
SCOPUS ID：33746564831 Structural determination and histochemical localization of ghrelin in the red-eared slider turtle, Trachemys scripta elegans Hiroyuki Kaiya; Ichiro Sakata; Masayasu Kojima; Hiroshi Hosoda; Takafumi Sakai; Kenji Kangawa
General and Comparative Endocrinology,
Volume：138,
Number：1,
First page：50,
Last page：57, Aug. 2004
Scientific journal
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2004.05.005Scopus：https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=3042746882&origin=inwardScopus Citedby：https://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=3042746882&origin=inwardDOI ID：10.1016/j.ygcen.2004.05.005,
ISSN：0016-6480,
eISSN：1095-6840,
PubMed ID：15242751,
SCOPUS ID：3042746882 Ghrelin-producing cells exist as two types of cells, closed- and opened-type cells, in the rat gastrointestinal tract.
Ichiro Sakata; Kazuaki Nakamura; Mami Yamazaki; Maki Matsubara; Yuijiro Hayashi; Kenji Kangawa; Takafumi Sakai
Peptides, Volume：23, Number：3, First page：531, Last page：6, Mar. 2002, ［International magazine］
Ghrelin was recently isolated from the rat stomach as an endogenous ligand for the growth-hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) and is known to exist in the gastrointestinal tract and hypothalamus. In this study, we investigated in detail the distribution and morphologic characteristics of ghrelin-containing cells (ghrelin cells) in the gastrointestinal tract by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Ghrelin cells were found to be localized in the mucous membrane of the stomach, duodenum, ileum, cecum and colon but not in myenteric plexus, and they can be classified into open- and closed-type cells. The greatest number of ghrelin cells was found in the stomach, and it was found that the number of the opened-type cells gradually increased in the direction from stomach to the lower gastrointestinal tract. These results suggest that the two types of ghrelin cells may be distinctly regulated and play different physiological roles in various regions of the gastrointestinal tract.
English, Scientific journal
ISSN：0196-9781, PubMed ID：11836003
Utility of animal gastrointestinal motility and transit models in functional gastrointestinal disorders Ahmad Al-Saffar; Shota Takemi; Hiwa K. Saaed; Ichiro Sakata; Takafumi Sakai
BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY,
Volume：40-41, Jun. 2019
English, Book review
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpg.2019.101633DOI ID：10.1016/j.bpg.2019.101633,
ISSN：1521-6918,
eISSN：1532-1916,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000517974000011 Mechanism of Rikkunshito-Induced Gastric Relaxation in Suncus Murinus Through the beta-Adrenergic Pathway
Anupom Mondal; Amane Takehara; Sayaka Aizawa; Toru Tanaka; Naoki Fujitsuka; Tomohisa Hattori; Takafumi Sakai; Ichiro Sakata
GASTROENTEROLOGY, Volume：148, Number：4, First page：S893, Last page：S893, Apr. 2015
English, Summary international conference
ISSN：0016-5085, eISSN：1528-0012, Web of Science ID：WOS:000360120300167
Motilin and Ghrelin Additively Stimulate Gastric Acid Secretion in Suncus Murinus
Ichiro Sakata; Yoshiaki Shimada; Toru Tanaka; Kanako Koike; Sayaka Aizawa; Takafumi Sakai
GASTROENTEROLOGY, Volume：144, Number：5, First page：S711, Last page：S711, May 2013
English, Summary international conference
ISSN：0016-5085, eISSN：1528-0012, Web of Science ID：WOS:000322997204148
Ghrelin cells in the gastrointestinal tract Ichiro Sakata; Takafumi Sakai
International Journal of Peptides,
Volume：2010, 2010
English, Book review
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/945056DOI ID：10.1155/2010/945056,
ISSN：1687-9767,
SCOPUS ID：79952041715 House musk shrew (Suncus murinus, order: Insectivora) as a new model animal for motilin study Chihiro Tsutsui; Kie Kajihara; Takatsugu Yanaka; Ichiro Sakata; Zen Itoh; Sen-ichi Oda; Takafumi Sakai
PEPTIDES,
Volume：30,
Number：2,
First page：318,
Last page：329, Feb. 2009
English
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2008.10.006DOI ID：10.1016/j.peptides.2008.10.006,
ISSN：0196-9781,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000263447700016 Gastric estrogen directly induces ghrelin expression and production in the rat stomach Ichiro Sakata; Toru Tanaka; Mami Yamazaki; Takashi Tanizaki; Zhao Zheng; Takafumi Sakai
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY,
Volume：190,
Number：3,
First page：749,
Last page：757, Sep. 2006
English
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.06808DOI ID：10.1677/joe.1.06808,
ISSN：0022-0795,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000241324000020 Caspase-3 sensitive signaling in vivo in apoptotic HeLa cells by chemically engineered intramolecular fluorescence resonance energy transfer mutants of green fluorescent protein M Suzuki; Y Ito; Sakata, I; T Sakai; Y Husimi; KT Douglas
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS,
Volume：330,
Number：2,
First page：454,
Last page：460, May 2005
English
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.02.178DOI ID：10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.02.178,
ISSN：0006-291X,
CiNii Articles ID：80017288069,
PubMed ID：15796904,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000228315800015 Influence of sex steroids on ghrelin-induced growth hornione secretion in male rats
Takashi Tanizaki; Mami Yamazaki; Ichiro Sakata; Hisae Kobayashi; Takafumi Sakai
ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Volume：21, Number：12, First page：1337, Last page：1337, Dec. 2004
English, Summary international conference
ISSN：0289-0003, Web of Science ID：WOS:000237651300643
Octanoic acid administration increases the production of acylated ghrelin in the hatched chicken proventriculus
Maya Yamato; Ichiro Sakata; Reiko Wada; Hiroyuki Kaiya; Takafumi Sakai
ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Volume：21, Number：12, First page：1337, Last page：1337, Dec. 2004
English, Summary international conference
ISSN：0289-0003, Web of Science ID：WOS:000237651300642
Estrogen modulates ghrelin expression in the female rat stomach M Matsubara; Sakata, I; R Wada; M Yamazaki; K Inoue; T Sakai
PEPTIDES,
Volume：25,
Number：2,
First page：289,
Last page：297, Feb. 2004
English
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2003.12.020DOI ID：10.1016/j.peptides.2003.12.020,
ISSN：0196-9781,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000220943100018 Growth hormone secretagogue receptor expression in the cells of the stomach-projected afferent nerve in the rat nodose ganglion Sakata, I; M Yamazaki; K Inoue; Y Hayashi; K Kangawa; T Sakai
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS,
Volume：342,
Number：3,
First page：183,
Last page：186, May 2003
English
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3940(03)00294-5DOI ID：10.1016/S0304-3940(03)00294-5,
ISSN：0304-3940,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000183093200012
大腸強収縮運動及び排便を制御する脳神経核の同定と神経回路の解析
Apr. 2023 - Mar. 2026
Grant amount(Total)：4680000, Direct funding：3600000, Indirect funding：1080000
Grant number：23K07348
Novel physiological actions of motilin, a known gastrointestinal tract contracting hormone
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Apr. 2022 - Mar. 2025
University of Toyama
Grant amount(Total)：16770000, Direct funding：12900000, Indirect funding：3870000
Grant number：22H02659
サーカディアンリズムによる消化管運動調節機構の解明
Apr. 2020 - Mar. 2023
Grant amount(Total)：4290000, Direct funding：3300000, Indirect funding：990000
Grant number：20K06714
Comparative endocrinological analysis of the gastrointestinal motility-feeding axis in Suncus
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Apr. 2018 - Mar. 2021
SAKATA ICHIRO, Saitama University
Grant amount(Total)：4550000, Direct funding：3500000, Indirect funding：1050000
The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of gastrointestinal hormones on gastrointestinal motility and feeding behavior and their pathways of action in the small mammal, Suncus murinus. Chronic administration of a motilin agonist, which stimulates gastric motility, did not increase food intake and body weight, but chronic administration of ghrelin slightly increased food intake in the light period. On the other hand, long-term administration of ghrelin antagonist did not affect the body weight of suncus. Behavioral analysis showed that ghrelin administration increased exploratory behaviors in the open field test, but the anxiolytic effects in elevated plus maze were not observed, indicating that the effects of ghrelin on behavior were different between suncus and rodents.
Grant number：18K06309
Elucidation of regulatory mechanism for colonic motility
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Apr. 2017 - Mar. 2020
Shibata Chikashi, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
Grant amount(Total)：4680000, Direct funding：3600000, Indirect funding：1080000
Elucidation of regulatory mechanism for colonic motility is importnat, because abnormal colonic motility is associated with diseases impairing patients’ quality of life. We established system to measure gastric and colonic motility by means of strain gauge force transducers and watch behavior simultaneously for 24 hours in Suncus murinus. Giant migrating contractions always accompanied with defecations, and feeding and drinking were frequently observed immediately before and after defecations. Intravenous administration of motilin, a gastrointestinal hormone having stimulatory effects on gastric motility, had no effects on colonic motility. While yohimbine, an antagonist for adrenergic receptors, stimulated giant migrating contractions with defecations. These results indicate that regulatory mechanism for colonic motility in Suncus murinus is similar to humans and dogs and Suncus murinus is useful for translational research.
Grant number：17K10648
Identification of the regulatory mechanisms of the ultradian rhythm of migrating motor contraction
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Apr. 2016 - Mar. 2020
SAKAI TAKAFUMI, Saitama University
Grant amount(Total)：14300000, Direct funding：11000000, Indirect funding：3300000
This study was aimed at identifying the possible mechanisms that regulate an ultradian rhythmic period of 90-120 min intervals of migrating motor contraction (MMC), which propagate from the stomach to the distal intestine, observed in a fasted state by using Suncus murinus. In addition to ghrelin and motilin, cholecystokinin induced gastric contractions. In contrast, somatostatin inhibited gastric contractions. Moreover, gastric contractions were inhibited by activation of the sympathetic nerve. The inhibition of motilin-induced gastric contraction was mediated by GABAergic neurons. Furthermore, we identified that the phase III contraction of MMC was regulated by duodenal pH. Results of the present study offer novel insights into the regulatory mechanism of the ultradian rhythm of MMC.
Grant number：16H04811
The research for the origin of medium-chain fatty acid modifying ghrelin in mice
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research, Apr. 2015 - Mar. 2017
SAKATA Ichiro, Saitama University
Grant amount(Total)：3250000, Direct funding：2500000, Indirect funding：750000
Ghrelin is 28-amino acids peptide hormone and Ser3 of ghrelin is modified by medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA). This modification is essential for ghrelin activities. We examined three possibilities of the MCFA origin; diet, intestinal bacteria and de novo synthesis using mice and ghrelinoma cell lines (PG-1 cell). We found that a fat-free diet and the removal of intestinal microbiota did not decrease acyl-ghrelin production in the stomach or plasma acyl-ghrelin levels in mice. Blockage of β-oxidation in PG-1 cells strongly decreased acylated ghrelin levels. These results suggest the medium-chain fatty acid used for the acyl-modification of ghrelin is produced in ghrelin-producing cells themselves by β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids.
Grant number：15K14557
The analysis of action mechanisms of secreted factors produced in pars tuberalis
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research, Apr. 2014 - Mar. 2016
SAKAI Takafumi; SAKATA Ichiro, Saitama University
Grant amount(Total)：3120000, Direct funding：2400000, Indirect funding：720000
In this study, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was administered into the cistern magna in rats, and HRP penetration in the brain parenchyma was measured. The results showed that the penetration area of HRP in the brain parenchyma increased with time, and the HRP signals were observed in areas surrounding the lobule in the pars tuberalis. In contrast, HRP signals were not observed when HRP was injected intravenously. We also analyzed peptide extracts from the pars tuberalis and the cerebrospinal fluid by mass spectrometry. We showed that several peptides from the pars tuberalis were also found in the cerebrospinal fluid.
Grant number：26650109
The study of regulatory mechanisms on ghrelin secretion
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), Apr. 2012 - Mar. 2015
SAKATA Ichiro, Saitama University
Grant amount(Total)：4290000, Direct funding：3300000, Indirect funding：990000
In this study, it has found that these cells express high levels of mRNA encoding G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120). Addition of GW9508 (a GPR120 chemical agonist) and α-linolenic acid (a natural ligand for GPR120) inhibited the secretion of ghrelin. However, the expression levels of preproghrelin and ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) mRNAs were not influenced by GW9508. Pretreatment with GW-9508 blocked the effect of the norepinephrine (NE)-induced ghrelin elevation in ghrelin cell lines, and GW-9508 inhibited ghrelin secretion via extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity in ghrelin cell lines. These results indicate that the decrease of ghrelin secretion after feeding is induced partially by long-chain fatty acids.
Grant number：24790941
グレリン分泌を制御する神経ネットワークの解明
Aug. 2011 - Mar. 2013
Grant amount(Total)：3250000, Direct funding：2500000, Indirect funding：750000
Grant number：23890028
A study of motilin-induced gastric migrating motor complex.-A novel approach for using newly established animal model-
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 2009 - 2011
SAKAI Takafumi; ADACHI Akihito; SAKATA Ichiro, Saitama University
Grant amount(Total)：4680000, Direct funding：3600000, Indirect funding：1080000
The suncus stomach and duodenum showed clear migrating phase III contractions(intervals of 80-150min)as found in humans and dogs. Exogenous motilin administration induced gastric phase III contractions, and motilin injection also increased the gastric motility index in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment of motilin antagonist inhibited the occurrence of phaseIII. Also, During the fasted state, cyclic MMC, consisting of phase I, II, and III were observed in both sham-operated and vagotomized suncus, but the duration and motility index(MI)of the phase II was significantly decreased in vagotomized suncus. In vagotomized suncus, feeing did not interrupt phase I of the MMC, and exogenous motilin induced strong phase III-like contractions as well as the fasted state.
Grant number：21590785
性ホルモンによる胃グレリン発現動態の検討
2005 - 2006
Grant amount(Total)：1900000, Direct funding：1900000
Grant number：05J03100
