ファブリキウス嚢由来の抗菌ペプチドの探索とその発現調節機構の解析
小林 哲也
総合研究機構研究プロジェクト研究成果報告書, 号：6(平成19年度), 2008年
ファブリキウス嚢由来の抗菌ペプチドの探索とその発現調節機構の解析
小林 哲也
号：6(平成19年度), 2008年
脊椎動物の免疫気管におけるステロイドホルモンの生合成とその生理作用の解析
小林 哲也
総合研究機構研究プロジェクト研究成果報告書, 号：5(18年度), 開始ページ：664, 終了ページ：665, 2007年
脊椎動物の免疫気管におけるステロイドホルモンの生合成とその生理作用の解析
小林 哲也
号：5(18年度), 開始ページ：664, 終了ページ：665, 2007年
Topographic analysis of cell proliferation in the hippocampus of the adult mouse K Uchida; S Nakamura; T Kobayashi; T Machida
巻：16,
号：18,
開始ページ：2033,
終了ページ：2036, 2005年12月
The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus generates new neurons throughout life. The distribution of neural progenitor cells in the hippocampus along the anteroposterior axis is, however, not known. To determine whether mitotic activity differs along the anteroposterior axis, we examined mitotic activity in serial hippocampal sections of two experimental groups: normal bred (control) and exercised groups. In both groups, the number of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive cells was markedly decreased in the caudal dentate gyrus; exercised groups also had mitotic activity of about 1.5 times that of control groups. Mitotic activity tended to increase in the suprapyramidal blade of the middle dentate gyrus of exercised groups. These results indicate that the adult hippocampus has regional differences in mitotic activity. NeuroReport 16:2033-2036 (c) 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
英語
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200512190-00013DOI ID：10.1097/00001756-200512190-00013,
ISSN：0959-4965,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000234494000013 Growth suppression of Leydig TM3 cells mediated by aryl hydrocarbon receptor M Iseki; T Ikuta; T Kobayashi; K Kawajiri
巻：331,
号：4,
開始ページ：902,
終了ページ：908, 2005年06月
Exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin induces developmental toxicity in reproductive organs. To elucidate the function of AhR, we generated stable transformants of TM3 cells overexpressing wild-type aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) or its mutants which carried mutations in nuclear localization signal or nuclear export signal. In the presence of 3-methylcholanthrene (MC), proliferation of the cells transfected with wild-type AhR was completely suppressed, whereas cells expressing AhR mutants proliferated in a manner equivalent to control TM3 cells, suggesting AhR-dependent growth inhibition. The suppression was associated with upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(Cip1), which was abolished by pretreatment with actinomycin D. A p38 MAPK specific inhibitor, SB203580, blocked the increase of p21(Cip1) mRNA in response to MC. Treatment with indigo, another AhR ligand, failed to increase of p21(Cip1) mRNA, although up-regulation of mRNA for CYP1A1 was observed. These data suggest AhR in Leydig cells mediates growth inhibition by inducing p21(Cip1). (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
英語
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.04.014DOI ID：10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.04.014,
ISSN：0006-291X,
CiNii Articles ID：80017296853,
PubMed ID：15882963,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000229234500003 Hormonal Regulation of Growth in Amphibians.
Kikuyama S; Yamamoto K; Kobayashi T; Tonon MC; Galas L; Vaudry H
Endocrinology of Amphibians, 巻：6, 開始ページ：2267, 終了ページ：2300, 2005年
Chipping Norton
CiNii Articles ID：10027129695
Expression of αMSH in the quail bursa of Fabricius
A Takasou; K Nakakura; S Tanaka; T Kobayashi; T Machida
Proc. Japan Soc. Comp. Endocrinol., 巻：20, 開始ページ：53, 2005年
Effects of Thyroid Hormones on Estrogen Receptor Expression in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus of Hypothyroidal Female Mice.
Kumon K; Kobayashi T; Machida T
Zool. Sci., 巻：22, 号：12, 開始ページ：1507, 2005年
Growth suppression of Leyding TM3 cells mediated by aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Iseki M; Ikuta T; Kobayashi T; Kawajiri K
Biochem Biophys Res Commun.,
巻：331,
号：4,
開始ページ：902,
終了ページ：908, 2005年
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.04.014DOI ID：10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.04.014,
ISSN：0006-291X,
CiNii Articles ID：80017296853,
PubMed ID：15882963 Hormonal Regulation of Growth in Amphibians.
Kikuyama S; Yamamoto K; Kobayashi T; Tonon MC; Galas L; Vaudry H
巻：6, 開始ページ：2267, 終了ページ：2300, 2005年
Expression of αMSH in the quail bursa of Fabricius
A Takasou; K Nakakura; S Tanaka; T Kobayashi; T Machida
巻：20, 開始ページ：53, 2005年
Effects of Thyroid Hormones on Estrogen Receptor Expression in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus of Hypothyroidal Female Mice.
Kumon K; Kobayashi T; Machida T
巻：22, 号：12, 開始ページ：1507, 2005年
Growth-retardation and abnormal glucose homeostasis in the hypothyroidal grt mice.
開始ページ：564, 終了ページ：566, 2004年
Expression and localization of steroidogenic enzymes in the quail bursa of Fabricius.
開始ページ：273, 終了ページ：275, 2004年
Growth-retardation and abnormal glucose homeostasis in the hypothyroidal grt mice.
開始ページ：564, 終了ページ：566, 2004年
Expression and localization of steroidogenic enzymes in the quail bursa of Fabricius.
開始ページ：273, 終了ページ：275, 2004年
Novel neuropeptides related to frog growth hormone-releasing peptide: Isolation, sequence, and functional analysis Kazuyoshi Ukena; Aya Koda; Kazutoshi Yamamoto; Tetsuya Kobayashi; Eiko Iwakoshi-Ukena; Hiroyuki Minakata; Sakae Kikuyama; Kazuyoshi Tsutsui
巻：144,
号：9,
開始ページ：3879,
終了ページ：3884, 2003年09月01日
We previously identified in the bullfrog a novel hypothalamic RFamide peptide (SLKPAANLPLRF-NH2) that stimulated GH release in vitro and in vivo and therefore was designated frog GH-releasing peptide (fGRP). Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding the deduced fGRP precursor polypeptide further revealed that it encodes fGRP and its related peptides (fGRP-RP-1, -RP-2, and -RP-3). In this study immunoaffinity purification using the antibody against fGRP was therefore conducted to determine whether these three putative fGRP-RPs exist as mature endogenous ligands in the frog brain. The mass peaks of the isolated immunoreactive substances were detected at 535.78, 1034.14, and 1079.71 m/z ([M+2H]2+), and their sequences, SIPNLPQRF-NH 2, YLSGKTKVQSMANLPQRF-NH2, and AQYTNHFVHSLDTLPLRF-NH 2, were revealed by the fragmentation, showing mature forms encoded in the cDNA sequences of fGRP-RP-1, -RP-2, and -RP-3, respectively. All of these fGRP-RPs contained a C-terminal -LPXRF-NH2 (X = L or Q) sequence, such as fGRP. This study further analyzed hypophysiotropic activities of the identified endogenous fGRP-RPs. Only fGRP-RP-2 stimulated, in a dose-related way, the release of PRL from cultured frog pituitary cells
its threshold concentration ranged from less than 10-7 M. A similar stimulatory action of fGRP-RP-2 on GH release was evident. It was ascertained that fGRP-RP-2 was also effective in elevating the circulating GH and PRL levels when administered systemically. In contrast, fGRP-RPs did not have any appreciable effect on the release of gonadotropins. Thus, fGRP-RP-2 may act as a novel hypothalamic factor on the frog pituitary to stimulate the release of GH and PRL.
英語
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2003-0359DOI ID：10.1210/en.2003-0359,
ISSN：0013-7227,
PubMed ID：12933661,
SCOPUS ID：0042922570 Novel neuropeptides related to frog growth hormone-releasing peptide: Isolation, sequence, and functional analysis K Ukena; A Koda; K Yamamoto; T Kobayashi; E Iwakoshi-Ukena; H Minakata; S Kikuyama; K Tsutsui
巻：144,
号：9,
開始ページ：3879,
終了ページ：3884, 2003年09月
We previously identified in the bullfrog a novel hypothalamic RFamide peptide (SLKPAANLPLRF-NH2) that stimulated GH release in vitro and in vivo and therefore was designated frog GH-releasing peptide (fGRP). Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding the deduced fGRP precursor polypeptide further revealed that it encodes fGRP and its related peptides (fGRP-RP1, -RP-2, and -RP-3). In this study immunoaffinity purification using the antibody against fGRP was therefore conducted to determine whether these three putative fGRP-RPs exist as mature endogenous ligands in the frog brain. The mass peaks of the isolated immunoreactive substances were detected at 535.78, 1034.14, and 1079.71 m/z ([M+2H](2+)), and their sequences, SIPNLPQRF-NH2, YLSGKTKVQSMANLPQRF-NH2, and AQYTNHFVHSLDTLPLRF-NH2, were in the cDNA sequences of fGRP-RP-1, -RP-2, and -RP-3, respectively. All of these fGRP-RPs contained a C-terminal -LPXRF-NH2 (X = L or Q) sequence, such as fGRP. This study further analyzed hypophysiotropic activities of the identified endogenous fGRP-RPs. Only fGRP-RP-2 stimulated, in a dose-related way, the release of PRL from cultured frog pituitary cells; its threshold concentration ranged from less than 10(-7) M. A similar stimulatory action of fGRP-RP-2 on GH release was evident. It was ascertained that fGRP-RP-2 was also effective in elevating the circulating GH and PRL levels when administered systemically. In contrast, fGRP- RPs did not have any appreciable effect on the release of gonadotropins. Thus, fGRP-RP-2 may act as a novel hypothalamic factor on the frog pituitary to stimulate the release of GH and PRL.
英語
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2003-0359DOI ID：10.1210/en.2003-0359,
ISSN：0013-7227,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000184883400023 Stimulatory effects of prostaglandin E2 on neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat. UCHIDA K; KUMIHASHI K; KUROSAWA S; KOBAYASHI T; ITOI K; MACHIDA T
Zool. Sci.,
巻：19,
号：11,
開始ページ：1211,
終了ページ：1216, 2002年
DOI：https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.19.1211DOI ID：10.2108/zsj.19.1211,
ISSN：0289-0003,
PubMed ID：12499663 Stimulatory effects of prostaglandin E2 on neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat. 巻：19,
号：11,
開始ページ：1211,
終了ページ：1216, 2002年
DOI：https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.19.1211DOI ID：10.2108/zsj.19.1211,
ISSN：0289-0003,
PubMed ID：12499663 Responses of the thyroid gland to TSH and other thyroid stimulators in the growth-retarded（grt）mouse. KOBAYASHI K; YAMAMOTO H; KOBAYASHI T; MACHIDA T
Zool. Sci.,
巻：18,
号：7,
開始ページ：955,
終了ページ：961, 2001年
DOI：https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.18.955DOI ID：10.2108/zsj.18.955,
ISSN：0289-0003,
CiNii Articles ID：30013181634 Co-secretion of prolactin and growth hormone by dispersed pituitary cells of the adult bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana.
Gen. Comp. Endocrinol., 巻：122, 号：1, 開始ページ：10, 終了ページ：16, 2001年
Responses of the thyroid gland to TSH and other thyroid stimulators in the growth-retarded（grt）mouse. 巻：18,
号：7,
開始ページ：955,
終了ページ：961, 2001年
DOI：https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.18.955DOI ID：10.2108/zsj.18.955,
ISSN：0289-0003,
CiNii Articles ID：30013181634 Thyroid function of growth-retarded mice
K Kobayashi; M Sato; T Kobayashi; T Machida
開始ページ：385, 終了ページ：390, 2001年
Growth-retarded (grt) mice have congenitally inherited hypothyroidism. To define the thyroid defect in grt/grt mice, we investigated the responsiveness of the thyroid gland to TSH and signal transduction agents, the TSH receptor (TSHr) gene expression and the TSH binding to TSHr. Levels of cAMP in the thyroid gland of grt/grt mice were not stimulated by TSH treatment in vivo and in vitro, although other agonists, forskolin and cholera toxin (CTX), were capable of activating the G-protein-coupled adenylate cyclase (AC) pathway. RT-PCR analysis showed the expression of TSHr mRNA in grt/grt thyroid glands. The specific binding sites in the grt/grt thyroid were saturable, and the total binding site was reduced in number as compared to that of the normal gland. Scatchard plot analysis revealed no significant difference in TSH binding affinity between grt/grt and normal mice. These results suggest that TSH does bind to its receptor incapable of activating the second messenger, signaling pathway in the thyroid gland of grt/grt mice.
英語
Web of Science ID：WOS:000176015100048
Melatonin synthesis in the quail bursa of Fabricius
T Kobayashi; M Tada; MT Itoh; Y Sumi; T Machida
開始ページ：377, 終了ページ：382, 2001年
The bursa of Fabricius (BF) is a primary immune organ that serves as a site for B-lymphopoiesis in birds. In the present study, we investigated the possible presence of melatonin and its synthesis in the BF of the Japanese quail. Melatonin and its precursors, tryptophan and serotonin, were detected in the adult BF by radioimmunoassay (RIA) or HPLC analysis. The activities of two melatonin-synthesizing enzymes, serotonin N-acetyl-transferase (NAT) and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT), were found in the adult BF, and expression of these enzyme mRNAs was detected by RTPCR. Moreover, melatonin was also identified in the embryonic BF by RIA, and expression of the RNAs of both enzymes was also detected by RT-PCR. These results suggest that quail BF, like the pineal gland, may synthesize melatonin from serotonin by the sequential action of NAT and HIOMT beginning in embryonic life.
英語
Web of Science ID：WOS:000176015100047
Co-secretion of prolactin and growth hormone by dispersed pituitary cells of the adult bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana.
巻：122, 号：1, 開始ページ：10, 終了ページ：16, 2001年
Growth pattern and hypophysio-thyroidal axis in the growth-retarded (grt/grt) mice.
Journal of Growth, 巻：39, 号：2, 開始ページ：65, 終了ページ：72, 2000年
Production of a recombinant newt growth hormone and its application for the development of a radioimmunoassay K Yamamoto; N Takahashi; T Nakai; S Miura; A Shioda; T Iwata; T Kouki; T Kobayashi; S Kikuyama
巻：117,
号：1,
開始ページ：103,
終了ページ：116, 2000年01月
Complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding newt (Cynops pyrrhogaster) growth hormone (nGH) was cloned from a cDNA library constructed from mRNAs of newt pituitary glands and was expressed in Escherichia coli. Based on Northern blot analysis using the cDNA as a probe, the nGH mRNA was estimated to be 940 bases in length. The recombinant nGH (nGHr) had a molecular mass of 22 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE and possessed considerable bioactivity as determined in a Xenopus cartilage assay. Using the nGHr, we produced a polyclonal antibody against nGHr. Western blot analysis of newt anterior pituitary gland homogenates revealed that this antiserum specifically detected a single 22-kDa band, and histological studies of newt pituitary gland sections showed that the cells that reacted immunologically by the anti-nGHr antiserum corresponded to those stained by an antiserum against rat GH. A radioimmunoassay (RIA) that is specific and sensitive for nGH was developed, employing the antiserum thus produced. The sensitivity of the RIA was 57 +/- 7 pg/100 mu l assay buffer. Interassay and intraassay coefficients of variation were 1.22 and 2.70%, respectively. Serial dilutions of plasma and pituitary homogenate of C. pyrrhogaster yielded dose-response curves that were parallel to the standard curve. Plasma from hypophysectomized newts showed no cross-reactivity. Moreover, displacement curves obtained using pituitary homogenates of the sword-tailed newt (C. ensicauda) and the crested newt (Triturus carnifex) were also parallel to the standard curve. Mammalian and frog GHs and prolactins (PRLs), as well as newt PRL, showed no inhibition of binding, even at relatively high doses, in this RIA. The RIA was used to measure GH released from newt pituitaries in vitro. Enhancement of GH release by 10(-7) M thyrotropin-releasing hormone was observed in cultures of newt pituitaries. (C) 2000 Academic Press.
英語
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1006/gcen.1999.7387DOI ID：10.1006/gcen.1999.7387,
ISSN：0016-6480,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000085416600009 Growth pattern and hypophysio-thyroidal axis in the growth-retarded (grt/grt) mice
KOBAYASHI K
J Growth, 巻：39, 号：2, 開始ページ：65, 終了ページ：72, 2000年
CiNii Articles ID：10027384242
Cosecretion of prolactin and growth hormone by the pituitary of the bullfrog Atsuko Oguchi; Tomomi Aida; Tetsuya Kobayashi; Shigeyasu Tanaka; Seiji Shioda; Shigeo Nakajo; Sakae Kikuyama
巻：839,
開始ページ：453,
終了ページ：454, 1998年05月15日
英語
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10831.xDOI ID：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10831.x,
ISSN：0077-8923,
CiNii Articles ID：80010430999,
PubMed ID：9629194,
SCOPUS ID：0032524514 Effects of the two somatostatin variants somatostatin-14 and［Pro2，Met13］somatostatin on receptor binding, adenylyl cyclase activity and growth hormone release from the frog pituitary. JEANDEL L; OKUNO A; KOBAYASHI T; KIKUYAMA S; TOSTIVINT H; LIHRMANN I; CONLON J M; FOURNIER A; VAUDRY H
J. Neuroendocrinol.,
巻：10,
号：3,
開始ページ：187,
終了ページ：192, 1998年03月
Two isoforms of somatostatin from frog brain have been recently characterized, namely somatostatin-14 (SS1) and [Pro(2), Met(13)]somatostatin-14 (SS2). The genes encoding for the precursors of these two somatostatin variants are expressed in hypothalamic nuclei involved in the control of the frog pituitary. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of SS1 and SS2 on adenohypophysial cells. Autoradiographic studies using [I-125-Tyr(o), D-Trp(8)] SS1 as a radioligand revealed that somatostatin binding sites are evenly distributed in the frog pars distalis. The SS2 variant was significantly (P < 0.01) more potent than SS1 in competing with the radioligand (IC50=1.2+/-0.2 and 5.6+/-0.6 nM, respectively). Both SS1 and SS2 induced a modest but significant reduction in cAMP formation in dispersed distal robe cells but did not affect spontaneous growth hormone (GH) release. Synthetic human GRF (hGRF) induced a significant increase in cAMP accumulation and GH release in this system. Both SS1 and SS2 inhibited the stimulatory effects of hGRF on cAMP formation and GH secretion. These data show that the SS1 and SS2 variants can regulate adenohypophysial functions. The fact that GH cells are exclusively located in the dorsal area of the frog adenohypophysis, while somatostatin receptors are present throughout the pars distalis, indicates that the two somatostatin isoforms may control the secretion of pituitary hormones additional to GH in amphibians.
英語
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.1998.00188.xDOI ID：10.1046/j.1365-2826.1998.00188.x,
ISSN：0953-8194,
PubMed ID：9576606,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000072851800004 Effects of the two somatostatin variants somatostatin-14 and [Pro(2),Met(13)]somatostatin-14 on receptor binding, adenylyl cyclase activity and growth hormone release from the frog pituitary L Jeandel; A Okuno; T Kobayashi; S Kikuyama; H Tostivint; Lihrmann, I; N Chartrel; JM Conlon; A Fournier; MC Tonon; H Vaudry
巻：10,
号：3,
開始ページ：187,
終了ページ：192, 1998年03月
Two isoforms of somatostatin from frog brain have been recently characterized, namely somatostatin-14 (SS1) and [Pro(2), Met(13)]somatostatin-14 (SS2). The genes encoding for the precursors of these two somatostatin variants are expressed in hypothalamic nuclei involved in the control of the frog pituitary. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of SS1 and SS2 on adenohypophysial cells. Autoradiographic studies using [I-125-Tyr(o), D-Trp(8)] SS1 as a radioligand revealed that somatostatin binding sites are evenly distributed in the frog pars distalis. The SS2 variant was significantly (P < 0.01) more potent than SS1 in competing with the radioligand (IC50=1.2+/-0.2 and 5.6+/-0.6 nM, respectively). Both SS1 and SS2 induced a modest but significant reduction in cAMP formation in dispersed distal robe cells but did not affect spontaneous growth hormone (GH) release. Synthetic human GRF (hGRF) induced a significant increase in cAMP accumulation and GH release in this system. Both SS1 and SS2 inhibited the stimulatory effects of hGRF on cAMP formation and GH secretion. These data show that the SS1 and SS2 variants can regulate adenohypophysial functions. The fact that GH cells are exclusively located in the dorsal area of the frog adenohypophysis, while somatostatin receptors are present throughout the pars distalis, indicates that the two somatostatin isoforms may control the secretion of pituitary hormones additional to GH in amphibians.
英語
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.1998.00188.xDOI ID：10.1046/j.1365-2826.1998.00188.x,
ISSN：0953-8194,
PubMed ID：9576606,
Web of Science ID：WOS:000072851800004 Cosecretion of prolactin and growth hormone by the pituitary of the bullfrog. OGUCHI A; AIDA T; KOBAYASHI T; TANAKA S; SHIODA S; NAKAJO S; KIKUYAMA S
Ann. New York Acad. Sci.,
巻：839,
開始ページ：453,
終了ページ：454, 1998年
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10831.xDOI ID：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10831.x,
ISSN：0077-8923,
CiNii Articles ID：80010430999,
PubMed ID：9629194 Recombinant newt growth hormone.
開始ページ：921, 終了ページ：925, 1997年
Cosecretion of prolactin and growth hormone by the dispersed pituitary cells of the bullfrog pituitary
A Oguchi; T Aida; T Kobayashi; S Tanaka; S Shioda; S Nakajo; S Kikuyama
開始ページ：985, 終了ページ：989, 1997年
The coexistence of PRL and GH within the same cells of the adult bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana).pituitary has never been observed. When bullfrog pituitaries were dispersed, several cells started to release both PRL and GH. Cycloheximide, but not actinomycin D, prevented these cells appearing. In situ hybridization and immunostaining of the same sections of adult bullfrog pituitary revealed that several GH-and PRL-immunoreactive cells expressed PRL and GH mRNAs, respectively. The addition of pituitary extract to the culture medium reduced the number of cells secreting both PRL and GH. Thus, it was concluded that although simultaneous expression of PRL and GH mRNAs takes place within the same cells of the bullfrog pituitary, simultaneous translation does not occur, presumably due to inhibition by an unknown pituitary-derived factor.
英語
Web of Science ID：WOS:000072639100166
Recombinant newt growth hormone.
開始ページ：921, 終了ページ：925, 1997年
Molecular cloning of two somatostatin precursors in the frog brain. Differential localization of the mRNAs and binding affinity of the two somatostatin variants
H Tostivint; Lihrmann, I; L Jeandel; Boutelet, I; C Bucharles; N Chartrel; T Kobayashi; S Kikuyama; A Fournier; JM Conlon; H Vaudry
開始ページ：661, 終了ページ：665, 1997年
The existence of two molecular forms of somatostatins, namely somatostatin-14 (SS1) and the variant [Pro(2), Met(13)]somatostatin-14 (SS2), has been previously demonstrated in the Frog brain. Peptide SSI derives from a precursor (PSS I) which exhibits a high degree of structural similarity with the mammalian somatostatin precursor, while the precursor of SS2 (PSS2) exhibits no appreciable sequence identity with PSS1 or other precursors of somatostatin-related peptides in vertebrates. The PSS1 gene is widely expressed in the CNS and in peripheral organs whereas the expression of the PSS2 gene is restricted to discrete brain areas. Autoradiographic studies have shown that SS2 is significantly more potent than SSI in displacing [I-125-Tyr(0), D-Trp(8)] somatostatin-14 from its specific binding sites in the frog brain.
英語
Web of Science ID：WOS:000072639100109
Hypophysio-thyroidal axis in growth-retarded mice
K Kobayashi; T Kobayashi; K Yamamoto; S Kikuyama; T Yoshida; T Machida
開始ページ：1101, 終了ページ：1105, 1997年
The growth-retarded (grt) mouse is characterized by a long pause (2 to 3 weeks) of growth beginning at about 2 weeks after birth and, in contrast to Snell's dwarf(dw) mouse, by a marked growth after the pause. The pituitary gland of the grt mice showed a conspicuous increase in number of immunoreactive TSH cells. Thyroid glands of the grt mice exhibited an increase in follicular cells, which were smaller ill size than those of normal animals. Although plasma concentrations of T4 were very low, those of TSH in these mice were markedly elevated as compared with those of normal mice, Supplement of T3 was effective in shortening the growth pause. Administration of TSH failed to influence the plasma T4 levels. The results strongly suggest that the hypothyroidism and the consequent growth retardation in the grt mice are due to the dysfunction of the thyroid glands.
英語
Web of Science ID：WOS:000072639100187
IN-VITRO EFFECTS OF MAMMALIAN AND AMPHIBIAN PROLACTINS ON HEPATIC VITELLOGENIN SYNTHESIS IN RANA-ESCULENTA
O CARNEVALI; G MOSCONI; K YAMAMOTO; T KOBAYASHI; S KIKUYAMA; AM POLZONETTIMAGNI
巻：137, 号：3, 開始ページ：383, 終了ページ：389, 1993年06月
Male and female Rana esculenta liver was induced in an in-vitro system by homologous and Rana catesbeiana pituitary to synthesize and release vitellogenin, a lipoglycophosphoprotein precursor of yolk proteins, lipovitellins and phosvitins, in oviparous vertebrates.
In the present experiments, the action of prolactin on hepatic vitellogenin synthesis and release was investigated, using ovine prolactin and Rana catesbeiana prolactin. The effects of prolactin on hepatic vitellogenin synthesis displayed different trends related to sex; male liver was found to be more responsive than female liver to both ovine and frog prolactin; moreover, the response to prolactin was dose-related (r = 0.998; P<0.05) in male but not in female liver. In both sexes, a high degree of seasonality in the responsiveness of the liver was found, since the vitellogenin levels induced by prolactin during the winter phase were significantly (P<0.001) higher than those produced during the summer phase. Thus, there was no significant difference between the action of ovine and frog prolactin on vitellogenin synthesis; in fact, mammalian prolactins are structurally similar with regard to nucleotide and amino acid sequences.
The direct action of prolactin on hepatic vitellogenin synthesis in the frog Rana esculenta is discussed, on the basis of the role played by prolactin as an important growth modulatory hormone in fetal and adult tissues.
英語
ISSN：0022-0795, eISSN：1479-6805, Web of Science ID：WOS:A1993LL70400006
IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL-STUDY OF RANA-DALMATINA PRL AND GH PITUITARY-CELLS DURING LARVAL DEVELOPMENT
A GUASTALLA; E CAMPANTICO; K YAMAMOTO; T KOBAYASHI; S KIKUYAMA
巻：89, 号：3, 開始ページ：364, 終了ページ：377, 1993年03月
英語
ISSN：0016-6480, Web of Science ID：WOS:A1993KT64600006
Prolactin and growth hormone cell function during metamorphosis with special reference to their gene expression.
開始ページ：108, 終了ページ：110, 1993年
Prolactin and growth hormone cell function during metamorphosis with special reference to their gene expression.
開始ページ：108, 終了ページ：110, 1993年
HORMONAL-CONTROL OF INVITRO VITELLOGENIN SYNTHESIS IN RANA-ESCULENTA LIVER - EFFECTS OF MAMMALIAN AND AMPHIBIAN GROWTH-HORMONE
O CARNEVALI; G MOSCONI; K YAMAMOTO; T KOBAYASHI; S KIKUYAMA; AM POLZONETTIMAGNI
巻：88, 号：3, 開始ページ：406, 終了ページ：414, 1992年12月
英語
ISSN：0016-6480, eISSN：1095-6840, Web of Science ID：WOS:A1992KE22400008
THE COMPLETE AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE OF PROLACTIN FROM THE BULLFROG, RANA-CATESBEIANA
A YASUDA; K YAMAGUCHI; T KOBAYASHI; K YAMAMOTO; S KIKUYAMA; H KAWAUCHI
巻：83, 号：2, 開始ページ：218, 終了ページ：226, 1991年08月
英語
ISSN：0016-6480, Web of Science ID：WOS:A1991GA41300004
The complete amino acid sequence of growth hormone of the bullfrog（Rana catesbeiana）.
T KOBAYASHI; A YASUDA; K YAMAGUCHI; H KAWAUCHI; S KIKUYAMA
Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 巻：1078, 号：3, 開始ページ：383, 終了ページ：387, 1991年07月
The primary structure of growth hormone (GH) isolated from the adenohypophysis of the bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) was determined. The hormone was reduced, carboxymethylated and subsequently cleaved with cyanogen bromide. Intact bullfrog GH was also digested with lysyl endopeptidase and trypsin. The resulting fragments were separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and subjected to sequence analysis using an automated gas-liquid sequencer employing the Edman method. Bullfrog GH was found to consist of 190 amino acid residues. The amino acid sequence determined is in accord with that deduced from bullfrog GH cDNA by Pan and Chang (1988) except for nine residues at positions 43-48, 73, 80 and 87. Sequence comparisons revealed that bullfrog GH is more similar to tetrapod GHs (e.g., 69% homology with sea turtle GH, 66% with chicken GH and 61% with ovine GH) than to GHs of teleosts (e.g., 35% homology with chum salmon GH and 33% with bonito GH) except for eel (52% identity). Bullfrog GH and prolactin exhibit a sequence homology of 25%.
英語
ISSN：0006-3002, Web of Science ID：WOS:A1991FY97800013
THE COMPLETE AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE OF GROWTH-HORMONE OF THE BULLFROG (RANA-CATESBEIANA)
T KOBAYASHI; A YASUDA; K YAMAGUCHI; H KAWAUCHI; S KIKUYAMA
巻：1078, 号：3, 開始ページ：383, 終了ページ：387, 1991年07月
The primary structure of growth hormone (GH) isolated from the adenohypophysis of the bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) was determined. The hormone was reduced, carboxymethylated and subsequently cleaved with cyanogen bromide. Intact bullfrog GH was also digested with lysyl endopeptidase and trypsin. The resulting fragments were separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and subjected to sequence analysis using an automated gas-liquid sequencer employing the Edman method. Bullfrog GH was found to consist of 190 amino acid residues. The amino acid sequence determined is in accord with that deduced from bullfrog GH cDNA by Pan and Chang (1988) except for nine residues at positions 43-48, 73, 80 and 87. Sequence comparisons revealed that bullfrog GH is more similar to tetrapod GHs (e.g., 69% homology with sea turtle GH, 66% with chicken GH and 61% with ovine GH) than to GHs of teleosts (e.g., 35% homology with chum salmon GH and 33% with bonito GH) except for eel (52% identity). Bullfrog GH and prolactin exhibit a sequence homology of 25%.
英語
ISSN：0006-3002, Web of Science ID：WOS:A1991FY97800013
DISTRIBUTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF IMMUNOREACTIVE GROWTH-HORMONE (GH) IN THE PITUITARY OF THE FROG RANA-RIDIBUNDA USING AN ANTISERUM AGAINST PURIFIED BULLFROG GH
L YON; T KOBAYASHI; G PELLETIER; S KIKUYAMA; H VAUDRY
巻：83, 号：1, 開始ページ：142, 終了ページ：151, 1991年07月
英語
ISSN：0016-6480, Web of Science ID：WOS:A1991FU19300016
HOMOLOGOUS RADIOIMMUNOASSAY FOR BULLFROG GROWTH-HORMONE
T KOBAYASHI; S KIKUYAMA
巻：82, 号：1, 開始ページ：14, 終了ページ：22, 1991年04月
英語
ISSN：0016-6480, Web of Science ID：WOS:A1991FC78500003
PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BULLFROG GROWTH-HORMONE
T KOBAYASHI; S KIKUYAMA; A YASUDA; H KAWAUCHI; K YAMAGUCHI; Y YOKOO
巻：73, 号：3, 開始ページ：417, 終了ページ：424, 1989年03月
英語
ISSN：0016-6480, Web of Science ID：WOS:A1989T372000011
The Complete Amino Acid Sequences of Prolactins from bullfrog and Sea Turtle.
開始ページ：115, 終了ページ：123, 1989年
[35]S-Sulphate Uptake by Xenopus laevis Cartilage: The Influence of Plasma from the Growth Hormone-Treated Animal.
Zool. Sci., 巻：6, 号：4, 開始ページ：757, 終了ページ：762, 1989年
The Complete Amino Acid Sequences of Prolactins from bullfrog and Sea Turtle.
開始ページ：115, 終了ページ：123, 1989年
[35]S-Sulphate Uptake by Xenopus laevis Cartilage: The Influence of Plasma from the Growth Hormone-Treated Animal.
巻：6, 号：4, 開始ページ：757, 終了ページ：762, 1989年
PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TOAD PROLACTIN
K YAMAMOTO; T KOBAYASHI; S KIKUYAMA
巻：63, 号：1, 開始ページ：104, 終了ページ：109, 1986年07月
英語
ISSN：0016-6480, Web of Science ID：WOS:A1986C916700013
Studies on Amphibian Prolactin.
開始ページ：77, 終了ページ：86, 1986年
Studies on Amphibian Prolactin.
開始ページ：77, 終了ページ：86, 1986年
EFFECT OF NEUROHYPOPHYSEAL HORMONES ON THYROXINE-INDUCED RESORPTION OF TADPOLE TAIL INVITRO S IWAMURO; Y YAMAGUCHI; T KOBAYASHI; S KIKUYAMA
巻：61,
号：9,
開始ページ：441,
終了ページ：443, 1985年
英語
DOI：https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.61.441DOI ID：10.2183/pjab.61.441,
ISSN：0386-2208,
Web of Science ID：WOS:A1985AVX1000010 EFFECT OF GROWTH HORMONE-CONTAINING FRACTION OBTAINED FROM BULLFROG HYPOPHYSES ON GROWTH OF XENOPUS JUVENILES S KIKUYAMA; T ISHII; T KOBAYASHI; K YAMAMOTO
巻：60,
号：4,
開始ページ：69,
終了ページ：72, 1984年
英語
DOI：https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.60.69DOI ID：10.2183/pjab.60.69,
ISSN：0386-2208,
Web of Science ID：WOS:A1984SU12700002
