上野 啓司
理工学研究科 物質科学部門教授
理学部 基礎化学科

  • プロフィール:・層状物質薄膜のヘテロエピタキシャル成長の研究をしています。

    ・様々なカルコゲナイド系層状物質のバルク単結晶成長も行っています。

研究者情報

■ 学位
  • 博士(理学), 東京大学
■ 研究キーワード
  • 化学蒸気輸送
  • 原子層堆積
  • 分子線エピタキシー
  • エピタキシャル成長
  • 層状カルコゲナイド
  • 遷移金属ダイカルコゲナイド
  • 層状物質
■ 研究分野
  • ものづくり技術(機械・電気電子・化学工学), 電子デバイス、電子機器
  • ナノテク・材料, ナノ構造化学
  • ナノテク・材料, ナノ材料科学
  • ナノテク・材料, 薄膜、表面界面物性
■ 経歴
  • 2019年04月 - 現在, 埼玉大学, 大学院理工学研究科, 教授
  • 2007年04月 - 2019年03月, 埼玉大学, 大学院理工学研究科, 准教授
  • 2002年10月 - 2007年03月, 埼玉大学, 理学部基礎化学科, 助教授
  • 1990年04月 - 2002年09月, 東京大学, 理学部化学科, 助手
■ 委員歴
  • 2018年04月 - 現在
    日本表面真空学会, 研究例会企画専門部会, 学協会
  • 2012年04月 - 2022年03月
    マイクロプロセス・ナノテクノロジー国際会議, 論文委員, 学協会
  • 2014年04月 - 2018年03月
    日本真空学会, 講演・研究企画委員, 学協会
  • 2010年04月 - 2014年03月
    応用物理学会, 有機分子バイオエレクトロニクス分科会 一般幹事, 学協会

業績情報

■ 論文
  • Dimensionality-Induced Transition from Degenerate to Nondegenerate States in Nb-Doped WSe2
    Kaito Kanahashi; Itsuki Tanaka; Tomonori Nishimura; Kohei Aso; Anh Khoa Augustin Lu; Satoru Morito; Limi Chen; Takafumi Kakeya; Satoshi Watanabe; Yoshifumi Oshima; Yukiko Yamada-Takamura; Keiji Ueno; Amin Azizi; Kosuke Nagashio
    ACS Nano, 2025年03月, [査読有り]
    American Chemical Society (ACS), 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c17660
    DOI ID:10.1021/acsnano.4c17660, ISSN:1936-0851, eISSN:1936-086X
  • Spatial and reconfigurable control of photoluminescence from single-layer MoS2 using a strained VO2-based Fabry–Pérot cavity
    Koyo Nakayama; Shota Toida; Takahiko Endo; Mitsuru Inada; Shingo Sato; Hiroshi Tani; Kenji Watanabe; Takashi Taniguchi; Keiji Ueno; Yasumitsu Miyata; Kazunari Matsuda; Mahito Yamamoto
    Applied Physics Letters, 巻:125, 号:22, 2024年11月, [査読有り]
    We investigated the photoluminescence (PL) from single-layer MoS2 on VO2 platelets grown on SiO2, where the insulating and metallic phases can coexist above a bulk transition temperature of 340 K, due to the inhomogeneous strain. We found that the intensity of PL from MoS2 on metallic VO2 is higher than that on the insulating counterpart, resulting in spatially varying PL even at the sub-micrometer scale. In contrast to the intensity, the PL peak energies were observed to be nearly identical on insulating and metallic VO2, indicating that the influences of charge transfer, strain, and dielectric screening on MoS2 are comparable, regardless of the phase state. Thus, the observed difference in PL intensity is due to the difference in refractive indices of insulating and metallic VO2, leading to the phase-dependent Fabry–Pérot interference effect. We performed numerical simulations for the emission from MoS2 supported on the VO2-based Fabry–Pérot interferometer. The calculated emission intensity ratio on insulating and metallic VO2 well reproduces the experimental observations. These results suggest a strategy for controlling PL from two-dimensional semiconductors in a spatial and reconfigurable manner.
    AIP Publishing, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0236517
    DOI ID:10.1063/5.0236517, ISSN:0003-6951, eISSN:1077-3118
  • Contact Properties on a Semiconducting MoTe2 Crystal Using Polymorphic Structures
    Tianshun Xie; Mengnan Ke; Peter Krüger; Keiji Ueno; Nobuyuki Aoki
    ACS Applied Electronic Materials, 巻:6, 号:9, 開始ページ:7026, 終了ページ:7034, 2024年09月, [査読有り]
    American Chemical Society (ACS), 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.4c01369
    DOI ID:10.1021/acsaelm.4c01369, ISSN:2637-6113, eISSN:2637-6113
  • Realization of single MoTe2 crystal in-plane TFET by laser-induced doping technique               
    Tianshun Xie; Mengnan Ke; Keiji Ueno; Kenji Watanabe; Takashi Taniguchi; Nobuyuki Aoki
    Applied Physics Letters, 2024年05月, [査読有り]
    研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0197172
    DOI ID:10.1063/5.0197172, ORCID:160223643
  • Realization of MoTe2 CMOS inverter by contact doping and channel encapsulation               
    Tianshun Xie; Mengnan Ke; Keiji Ueno; Kenji Watanabe; Takashi Taniguchi; Nobuyuki Aoki
    Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2024年02月
    研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/ad16bc
    DOI ID:10.35848/1347-4065/ad16bc, ORCID:148977672
  • Single-Gate MoS2 Tunnel FET with a Thickness-Modulated Homojunction
    Tomohiro Fukui; Tomonori Nishimura; Yasumitsu Miyata; Keiji Ueno; Takashi Taniguchi; Kenji Watanabe; Kosuke Nagashio
    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 巻:16, 号:7, 開始ページ:8993, 終了ページ:9001, 2024年02月, [査読有り]
    American Chemical Society (ACS), 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c15535
    DOI ID:10.1021/acsami.3c15535, ISSN:1944-8244, eISSN:1944-8252
  • Coherent optical response driven by non-equilibrium electron–phonon dynamics in a layered transition-metal dichalcogenide
    Takumi Fukuda; Kotaro Makino; Yuta Saito; Paul Fons; Atsushi Ando; Takuya Mori; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Jessica Afalla; Muneaki Hase
    APL Materials, 巻:12, 号:2, 2024年02月, [査読有り]
    Layered transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are model systems to explore ultrafast many-body interactions and various nonlinear optical phenomena. For the application of TMD-based optoelectronic devices capable of ultrafast response, it is essential to understand how characteristic electron–hole and electron–phonon couplings modify ultrafast electronic and optical properties under photoexcitation. Here, we investigate the sub-picosecond optical responses of layered semiconductor 2H–MoTe2 in the presence of an electron–hole (e–h) plasma and a long-lived coherent phonon. Transient reflectivity measurements depending on photon energy reveal that the optical response for short-time delays (< 1ps) was significantly modified by band-gap renormalization and state filling due to the presence of the e–h plasma. Furthermore, octave, sum, and difference phonon frequencies transiently appeared for the early time delays (< 2ps). The emergent multiple phonon frequencies can be described as higher-order optical modulations due to deformation-potential electron–phonon coupling under resonant photoexcitation conditions. This work provides comprehensive insights into fundamental physics and the application of non-equilibrium quasiparticle generations on TMDs under time-periodic phonon driving forces.
    AIP Publishing, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0188537
    DOI ID:10.1063/5.0188537, eISSN:2166-532X
  • Silicon–van der Waals heterointegration for CMOS-compatible logic-in-memory design
    Mu-Pai Lee; Caifang Gao; Meng-Yu Tsai; Che-Yi Lin; Feng-Shou Yang; Hsin-Ya Sung; Chi Zhang; Wenwu Li; Jun Li; Jianhua Zhang; Kenji Watanabe; Takashi Taniguchi; Keiji Ueno; Kazuhito Tsukagoshi; Ching-Hwa Ho; Junhao Chu; Po-Wen Chiu; Mengjiao Li; Wen-Wei Wu; Yen-Fu Lin
    Science Advances, 巻:9, 号:49, 2023年12月, [査読有り]
    Silicon CMOS-based computing-in-memory encounters design and power challenges, especially in logic-in-memory scenarios requiring nonvolatility and reconfigurability. Here, we report a universal design for nonvolatile reconfigurable devices featuring a 2D/3D heterointegrated configuration. By leveraging the photo-controlled charge trapping/detrapping process and the partially top-gated energy band landscape, the van der Waals heterostacking achieves polarity storage and logic reconfigurable characteristics, respectively. Precise polarity tunability, logic nonvolatility, robustness against high temperature (at 85°C), and near-ideal subthreshold swing (80 mV dec −1 ) can be done. A comprehensive investigation of dynamic charge fluctuations provides a holistic understanding of the origins of nonvolatile reconfigurability (a trap level of 10 13 cm −2 eV −1 ). Furthermore, we cascade such nonvolatile reconfigurable units into a monolithic circuit layer to demonstrate logic-in-memory computing possibilities, such as high-gain (65 at Vdd = 0.5 V) logic gates. This work provides an innovative 3D heterointegration prototype for future computing-in-memory hardware.
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adk1597
    DOI ID:10.1126/sciadv.adk1597, eISSN:2375-2548
  • Soft x-ray photoelectron momentum microscope for multimodal valence band stereography
    Fumihiko Matsui; Kenta Hagiwara; Eiken Nakamura; Takayuki Yano; Hiroyuki Matsuda; Yasuaki Okano; Satoshi Kera; Eri Hashimoto; Shinji Koh; Keiji Ueno; Takahiro Kobayashi; Emi Iwamoto; Kazuyuki Sakamoto; Shin-ichiro Tanaka; Shigemasa SUGA
    Review of Scientific Instruments, 巻:94, 号:8, 2023年08月, [査読有り]
    The photoelectron momentum microscope (PMM) in operation at BL6U, an undulator-based soft x-ray beamline at the UVSOR Synchrotron Facility, offers a new approach for μm-scale momentum-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (MRPES). A key feature of the PMM is that it can very effectively reduce radiation-induced damage by directly projecting a single photoelectron constant energy contour in reciprocal space with a radius of a few Å−1 or real space with a radius of a few 100 μm onto a two-dimensional detector. This approach was applied to three-dimensional valence band structure E(k) and E(r) measurements (“stereography”) as functions of photon energy (hν), its polarization (e), detection position (r), and temperature (T). In this study, we described some examples of possible measurement techniques using a soft x-ray PMM. We successfully applied this stereography technique to μm-scale MRPES to selectively visualize the single-domain band structure of twinned face-centered-cubic Ir thin films grown on Al2O3(0001) substrates. The photon energy dependence of the photoelectron intensity on the Au(111) surface state was measured in detail within the bulk Fermi surface. By changing the temperature of 1T-TaS2, we clarified the variations in the valence band dispersion associated with chiral charge-density-wave phase transitions. Finally, PMMs for valence band stereography with various electron analyzers were compared, and the advantages of each were discussed.
    {AIP} Publishing, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0154156
    DOI ID:10.1063/5.0154156, ISSN:0034-6748, eISSN:1089-7623, ORCID:140830833
  • Photoinduced Structural Dynamics of 2H-MoTe2 Under Extremely High-Density Excitation Conditions
    Takumi Fukuda; Uta Ozaki; Samuel Jeong; Yusuke Arashida; Kaito En-ya; Shoji Yoshida; Paul J. Fons; Jun-ichi Fujita; Keiji Ueno; Muneaki Hase; Masaki Hada
    The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2023年07月
    American Chemical Society (ACS), 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c02838
    DOI ID:10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c02838, ISSN:1932-7447, eISSN:1932-7455
  • Ultrafast melting of charge-density wave fluctuations at room temperature in 1T-TiSe2 monitored under non-equilibrium conditions
    Yu Mizukoshi; Takumi Fukuda; Yuta Komori; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Muneaki Hase
    Applied Physics Letters, 巻:122, 号:24, 2023年06月
    We investigate the ultrafast lattice dynamics in 1T-TiSe2 using femtosecond reflection pump–probe and pump–pump–probe techniques at room temperature. The time-domain signals and Fourier-transformed spectra show the A1g phonon mode at 5.9 THz. Moreover, we observe an additional mode at ≈ 3 THz, corresponding to the charge-density wave (CDW) amplitude mode (AM), which is generally visible below Tc≈200 K. We argue that the emergence of the CDW amplitude mode at room temperature can be a consequence of fluctuations of order parameters based on the additional experiment using the pump–pump–probe technique, which exhibited suppression of the AM signal within the ultrafast timescale of ∼0.5 ps.
    AIP Publishing, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0153161
    DOI ID:10.1063/5.0153161, ISSN:0003-6951, eISSN:1077-3118
  • Terahertz emission from transient currents and coherent phonons in layered MoSe2 and WSe2
    Jessica Afalla; Joselito Muldera; Semmi Takamizawa; Takumi Fukuda; Keiji Ueno; Masahiko Tani; Muneaki Hase
    Journal of Applied Physics, 巻:133, 号:16, 2023年04月
    Terahertz (THz) time-domain emission spectroscopy was performed on layered 2H-MoSe 2 and 2H-WSe 2. The THz emission shows an initial cycle attributed to surge currents and is followed by oscillations attributed to coherent interlayer phonon modes. To obtain the frequencies of the interlayer vibrations, an analysis of the THz emission waveforms was performed, separating the two contributions to the total waveform. Results of the fitting show several vibrational modes in the range of 5.87–32.75 cm − 1 for the samples, attributed to infrared-active interlayer shear and breathing modes. This study demonstrates that THz emission spectroscopy provides a means of observing these low-frequency vibrational modes in layered materials.
    AIP Publishing, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0146489
    DOI ID:10.1063/5.0146489, ISSN:0021-8979, eISSN:1089-7550
  • Multilayer In-Plane Heterostructures Based on Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Advanced Electronics               
    Hiroto Ogura; Seiya Kawasaki; Zheng Liu; Takahiko Endo; Mina Maruyama; Yanlin Gao; Yusuke Nakanishi; Hong En Lim; Kazuhiro Yanagi; Toshifumi Irisawa; Keiji Ueno; Susumu Okada; Kosuke Nagashio; Yasumitsu Miyata
    ACS Nano, 巻:17, 号:7, 開始ページ:6545, 終了ページ:6554, 2023年02月
    In-plane heterostructures of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted much attention for high-performance electronic and optoelectronic devices. To date, mainly monolayer-based in-plane heterostructures have been prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and their optical and electrical properties have been investigated. However, the low dielectric properties of monolayers prevent the generation of high concentrations of thermally excited carriers from doped impurities. To solve this issue, multilayer TMDCs are a promising component for various electronic devices due to the availability of degenerate semiconductors. Here, we report the fabrication and transport properties of multilayer TMDC-based in-plane heterostructures. The multilayer in-plane heterostructures are formed through CVD growth of multilayer MoS2 from the edges of mechanically exfoliated multilayer flakes of WSe2 or NbxMo1-xS2. In addition to the in-plane heterostructures, we also confirmed the vertical growth of MoS2 on the exfoliated flakes. For the WSe2/MoS2 sample, an abrupt composition change is confirmed by cross-sectional high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy. Electrical transport measurements reveal that a tunneling current flows at the NbxMo1-xS2/MoS2 in-plane heterointerface, and the band alignment is changed from a staggered gap to a broken gap by electrostatic electron doping of MoS2. The formation of a staggered gap band alignment of NbxMo1-xS2/MoS2 is also supported by first-principles calculations.
    研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.2c11927
    Scopus:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85149104150&origin=inward
    Scopus Citedby:https://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85149104150&origin=inward
    DOI ID:10.1021/acsnano.2c11927, ISSN:1936-0851, eISSN:1936-086X, ORCID:129773033, PubMed ID:36847351, SCOPUS ID:85149104150
  • Enhanced contact properties of MoTe2-FET via laser-induced heavy doping
    Tianshun Xie; Kazuki Fukuda; Mengnan Ke; Peter Krüger; Keiji Ueno; Gil-Ho Kim; Nobuyuki Aoki
    Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 巻:62, 号:SC, 開始ページ:SC1010, 終了ページ:SC1010, 2022年12月
    Abstract

    The doping technique is vital for applying two-dimensional (2D) materials such as transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC)-based field effect transistors (FETs), which can control the channel polarity and improve the performance. However, as conventional doping techniques for silicon-based FET are not suitable for 2D materials, the realization of heavy doping of TMDC materials is challenging, especially for n-type heavy doping. This study reports a simple, regioselective, controllable, and chemically stable heavy doping method for 2H-MoTe2 crystal via high-density laser irradiation. The polarity of the doping can be controlled by changing the irradiation environment. For the MoTe2-nFET, good performance with enhanced contact properties was obtained using the contact doping method via laser irradiation in a vacuum environment.
    IOP Publishing, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/aca67e
    DOI ID:10.35848/1347-4065/aca67e, ISSN:0021-4922, eISSN:1347-4065
  • Is the Bandgap of Bulk PdSe2Located Truly in the Far-Infrared Region? Determination by Fourier-Transform Photocurrent Spectroscopy
    Wataru Nishiyama; Tomonori Nishimura; Masao Nishioka; Keiji Ueno; Satoshi Iwamoto; Kosuke Nagashio
    Advanced Photonics Research, 巻:3, 号:11, 開始ページ:2200231, 終了ページ:2200231, 2022年11月
    Wiley, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.202200231
    DOI ID:10.1002/adpr.202200231, ISSN:2699-9293, eISSN:2699-9293
  • Diffused beam energy to dope van der waals electronics and boost their contact barrier lowering               
    Che-Yi Lin; Mu-Pai Lee; Yuan-Ming Chang; Yi-Tang Tseng; Feng-Shou Yang; Mengjiao Li; Jiann-Yeu Chen; Ciao-Fen Chen; Meng-Yu Tsai; Yi-Chun Lin; Keiji Ueno; Mahito Yamamoto; Shun-Tsung Lo; Chen-Hsin Lien; Po-Wen Chiu; Kazuhito Tsukagoshi; Wen-Wei Wu; Yen-Fu Lin
    ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2022年08月, [査読有り]
    American chemical society ({ACS}), 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c07679
    DOI ID:10.1021/acsami.2c07679, ISSN:1944-8244, ORCID:118159145
  • Photo‐Induced Tellurium Segregation in MoTe 2
    Takumi Fukuda; Ryota Kaburauchi; Yuta Saito; Kotaro Makino; Paul Fons; Keiji Ueno; Muneaki Hase
    physica status solidi (RRL) – Rapid Research Letters, 巻:16, 号:9, 開始ページ:2100633, 終了ページ:2100633, 2022年06月
    Wiley, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/pssr.202100633
    DOI ID:10.1002/pssr.202100633, ISSN:1862-6254, eISSN:1862-6270, ORCID:114313321
  • Mist chemical vapor deposition of Al1−xTixOy thin films and their application to a high dielectric material               
    Arifuzzaman Rajib; Abdul Kuddus; Kojun Yokoyama; Tomohiro Shida; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    Journal of Applied Physics, 巻:131, 号:10, 開始ページ:105301, 終了ページ:105301, 2022年03月
    {AIP} Publishing, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0073719
    DOI ID:10.1063/5.0073719, ORCID:109527683
  • Intrinsic Electronic Transport Properties and Carrier Densities in PtS2 and SnSe2: Exploration of n(+)-Source for 2D Tunnel FETs               
    Yuichiro Sato; Tomonori Nishimura; Dong Duanfei; Keiji Ueno; Keisuke Shinokita; Kazunari Matsuda; Kosuke Nagashio
    ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS, 巻:7, 号:12, 2021年12月, [査読有り]
    Van der Waals 2D heterostructures are the ideal platform for tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs) because of dangling-bond-free heterointerfaces. However, the limited selection of n(+)-source materials restricts 2D-TFET research. In this study, intrinsic electron transport properties and carrier density (n) of bulk PtS2 are experimentally examined by Hall measurements to explore its use as an n(+)-source material suitable for TFETs in comparison with SnSe2. Despite the similar maximum depletion widths (W-Dm) and apparently metallic I-D-V-G curves at room temperature for both bulk samples, the Hall measurements elucidate that n approximate to 3.6 x 10(17) cm(-3) in PtS2 is much smaller than approximate to 4.7 x 10(18) cm(-3) in SnSe2. They also reveal that this difference comes from the depth of the donor level below the conduction band. Therefore, although band-to-band tunneling current is successfully observed in the n-PtS2/p-WSe2 TFET, V-G modulates the n-PtS2 source as well as p-WSe2 channel due to the nondegenerate doping of PtS2, resulting in a degraded subthreshold swing. The analysis of the W-Dm-donor concentration (N-D) relation elucidates that N-D is not evaluated only by W-Dm but is largely affected by the energy gap. The general W-Dm-N-D relation for different energy gaps provides a guide to select 2D materials suitable for TFETs.
    WILEY, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202100292
    DOI ID:10.1002/aelm.202100292, ISSN:2199-160X, Web of Science ID:WOS:000681339800001
  • State-of-the-Art of Solution-Processed Crystalline Silicon/Organic Heterojunction Solar Cells: Challenges and Future
    Jaker Hossain; A. T. M. Saiful Islam; Koji Kasahara; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics, 開始ページ:33, 終了ページ:56, 2021年05月
    Springer International Publishing, 論文集(書籍)内論文
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69445-6_2
    DOI ID:10.1007/978-3-030-69445-6_2, ISSN:2542-4491, eISSN:2542-4483
  • Material and Device Structure Designs for 2D Memory Devices Based on the Floating Gate Voltage Trajectory               
    Taro Sasaki; Keiji Ueno; Takashi Taniguchi; Kenji Watanabe; Tomonori Nishimura; Kosuke Nagashio
    ACS NANO, 巻:15, 号:4, 開始ページ:6658, 終了ページ:6668, 2021年04月
    Two-dimensional heterostructures have been extensively investigated as next-generation nonvolatile memory (NVM) devices. In the past decade, drastic performance improvements and further advanced functionalities have been demonstrated. However, this progress is not sufficiently supported by the understanding of their operations, obscuring the material and device structure design policy. Here, detailed operation mechanisms are elucidated by exploiting the floating gate (FG) voltage measurements. Systematic comparisons of MoTe2, WSe2, and MoS2 channel devices revealed that the tunneling behavior between the channel and FG is controlled by three kinds of current-limiting paths, i.e., tunneling barrier, 2D/metal contact, and p-n junction in the channel. Furthermore, the control experiment indicated that the access region in the device structure is required to achieve 2D channel/FG tunneling by preventing electrode/FG tunneling. The present understanding suggests that the ambipolar 2D-based FG-type NVM device with the access region is suitable for further realizing potentially high electrical reliability.
    AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c10005
    DOI ID:10.1021/acsnano.0c10005, ISSN:1936-0851, eISSN:1936-086X, Web of Science ID:WOS:000645436800061
  • AlOxThin Films Synthesized by Mist Chemical Vapor Deposition, Monitored by a Fast-Scanning Mobility Particle Analyzer, and Applied as a Gate Insulating Layer in the Field-Effect Transistors               
    Arifuzzaman Rajib; Abdul Kuddus; Tomohiro Shida; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    ACS Applied Electronic Materials, 巻:3, 号:2, 開始ページ:658, 終了ページ:667, 2021年02月
    We investigated the synthesis of aluminum oxide (AlOx) thin films using mist chemical vapor deposition (mist-CVD) from aluminum acetylacetonate (Al(acac)3) and methanol/water (MeOH/H2O) mixture (volume ratio, 7:3). Different deposition parameters, such as the flow rate (Fd) of dilution gas N2, furnace temperature (Tf), solution concentration, and mesh bias (Vm), were optimized via the analysis of the size distribution of mist precursors using a fast-scanning mobility particle analyzer. The film morphology, rigidity of the AlOx network, and junction property at the AlOx/n-type crystalline Si (n-Si) were dominated by the size distribution of the mist precursors determined by the deposition parameters. Further, the mesh bias supply during film growth promoted the miniaturization of the size distribution of the charged mist particles. Consequently, a marked increase in the number density of the mist particles resulted in an increased refractive index (n) of the AlOx thin films with small surface roughness values. Furthermore, such property of the AlOx films improved the junction property at the AlOx/n-Si interface. In this study, the correlation between the size distribution of mist particles, which is dependent on the deposition parameters, and the film and interface properties, is presented together with metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOS-FET) performance for the AlOx thin films obtained by mist-CVD.
    研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.0c00758
    Scopus:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85099954273&origin=inward
    Scopus Citedby:https://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85099954273&origin=inward
    DOI ID:10.1021/acsaelm.0c00758, eISSN:2637-6113, SCOPUS ID:85099954273
  • Enhanced Exciton-Exciton Collisions in an Ultraflat Monolayer MoSe2 Prepared through Deterministic Flattening.               
    Takato Hotta; Akihiko Ueda; Shohei Higuchi; Mitsuhiro Okada; Tetsuo Shimizu; Toshitaka Kubo; Keiji Ueno; Takashi Taniguchi; Kenji Watanabe; Ryo Kitaura
    ACS nano, 2020年12月, [国際誌]
    Squeezing bubbles and impurities out of interlayer spaces by applying force through a few-layer graphene capping layer leads to van der Waals heterostructures with the ultraflat structure free from random electrostatic potential arising from charged impurities. Without the graphene capping layer, a squeezing process with an AFM tip induces applied-force-dependent charges of Δn ∼ 2 × 1012 cm-2 μN-1, resulting in the significant intensity of trions in photoluminescence spectra of MoSe2 at low temperature. We found that a hBN/MoSe2/hBN prepared with the "graphene-capping-assisted AFM nano-squeezing method" shows a strong excitonic emission with negligible trion peak, and the residual line width of the exciton peak is only 2.2 meV, which is comparable to the homogeneous limit. Furthermore, in this high-quality sample, we found that the formation of biexciton occurs even at extremely low excitation power (Φph ∼ 2.3 × 1019 cm-2 s-1) due to the enhanced collisions between excitons.
    英語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c08642
    DOI ID:10.1021/acsnano.0c08642, arXiv ID:arXiv:2006.02640, PubMed ID:33356145
  • All 2D Heterostructure Tunnel Field-Effect Transistors: Impact of Band Alignment and Heterointerface Quality
    Keigo Nakamura; Naoka Nagamura; Keiji Ueno; Takashi Taniguchi; Kenji Watanabe; Kosuke Nagashio
    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 巻:12, 号:46, 開始ページ:51598, 終了ページ:51606, 2020年11月
    American Chemical Society (ACS), 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c13233
    DOI ID:10.1021/acsami.0c13233, ISSN:1944-8244, eISSN:1944-8252
  • Flat bands in twisted bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides               
    Zhiming Zhang; Yimeng Wang; Kenji Watanabe; Takashi Taniguchi; Keiji Ueno; Emanuel Tutuc; Brian J. LeRoy
    Nature Physics, 巻:16, 号:11, 開始ページ:1093, 終了ページ:1096, 2020年11月
    The crystal structure of a material creates a periodic potential that electrons move through giving rise to its electronic band structure. When two-dimensional materials are stacked, the resulting moiré pattern introduces an additional periodicity so that the twist angle between the layers becomes an extra degree of freedom for the resulting heterostructure. As this angle changes, the electronic band structure is modified leading to the possibility of flat bands with localized states and enhanced electronic correlations1–6. In transition metal dichalcogenides, flat bands have been theoretically predicted to occur for long moiré wavelengths over a range of twist angles around 0° and 60° (ref. 4) giving much wider versatility than magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene. Here, we show the existence of a flat band in the electronic structure of 3° and 57.5° twisted bilayer WSe2 samples using scanning tunnelling spectroscopy. Our direct spatial mapping of wavefunctions at the flat-band energy show that the localization of the flat bands is different for 3° and 57.5°, in agreement with first-principles density functional theory calculations4.
    Nature Research, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-020-0958-x
    DOI ID:10.1038/s41567-020-0958-x, ISSN:1745-2481, SCOPUS ID:85087652297
  • Understanding the Memory Window Overestimation of 2D Materials Based Floating Gate Type Memory Devices by Measuring Floating Gate Voltage               
    Taro Sasaki; Keiji Ueno; Takashi Taniguchi; Kenji Watanabe; Tomonori Nishimura; Kosuke Nagashio
    SMALL, 巻:16, 号:47, 2020年11月
    The memory window of floating gate (FG) type non-volatile memory (NVM) devices is a fundamental figure of merit used not only to evaluate the performance, such as retention and endurance, but also to discuss the feasibility of advanced functional memory devices. However, the memory window of 2D materials based NVM devices is historically determined from round sweep transfer curves, while that of conventional Si NVM devices is determined from high and low threshold voltages (V(th)s), which are measured by single sweep transfer curves. Here, it is elucidated that the memory window of 2D NVM devices determined from round sweep transfer curves is overestimated compared with that determined from single sweep transfer curves. The floating gate voltage measurement proposed in this study clarifies that the V(th)s in round sweep are controlled not only by the number of charges stored in floating gate but also by capacitive coupling between floating gate and back gate. The present finding on the overestimation of memory window enables to appropriately evaluate the potential of 2D NVM devices.
    WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202004907
    DOI ID:10.1002/smll.202004907, ISSN:1613-6810, eISSN:1613-6829, Web of Science ID:WOS:000583797900001
  • Exciton diffusion in hBN-encapsulated monolayer MoSe2               
    Takato Hotta; Shohei Higuchi; Akihiro Ueda; Keisuke Shinokita; Yuhei Miyauchi; Kazunari Matsuda; Keiji Ueno; Takashi Taniguchi; Kenji Watanabe; Ryo Kitaura
    PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 巻:102, 号:11, 2020年09月
    Excitons, quasiparticles composed of an electron and a hole, play an important role in optical responses in low-dimensional nanostructures. In this work, we have investigated exciton diffusion in monolayer MoSe2 encapsulated between flakes of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN/MoSe2/hBN). Through photoluminescence imaging and numerical solution of the two-dimensional diffusion equation, we revealed that temperature dependence of exciton mobility, mu(ex), in hBN/MoSe2/hBN shows a nonsaturating increase at low temperature, which is qualitatively different from those of quantum wells composed of compound semiconductors. The ultraflat structure of monolayer MoSe2 in hBN/MoSe2/hBN probably leads to the suppression of charged-impurity scattering and surface-roughness scattering.
    AMER PHYSICAL SOC, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.102.115424
    DOI ID:10.1103/PhysRevB.102.115424, ISSN:2469-9950, eISSN:2469-9969, Web of Science ID:WOS:000571391100006
  • Facile and reversible carrier-type manipulation of layered MoTe2 toward long-term stable electronics
    Mengjiao Li; Che-Yi Lin; Yuan-Ming Chang; Shih-Hsien Yang; Mu-Pai Lee; Ciao-Fen Chen; Ko-Chun Lee; Feng-Shou Yang; Yi Chou; Yi-Chun Lin; Keiji Ueno; Yumeng Shi; Yi-Chia Chou; Kazuhito Tsukagoshi; Yen-Fu Lin
    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2020年08月
    American Chemical Society (ACS), 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c09922
    DOI ID:10.1021/acsami.0c09922, ISSN:1944-8244, eISSN:1944-8252
  • Effect of thermally annealed atomic-layer-deposited AlOx/chemical tunnel oxide stack layer at the PEDOT:PSS/n-type Si interface to improve its junction quality               
    Md Enamul Karim; Yuki Nasuno; Abdul Kuddus; Tomofumi Ukai; Shunji Kurosu; Masahide Tokuda; Yasuhiko Fujii; Tatsuro Hanajiri; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 巻:128, 号:4, 2020年07月
    We investigated the effects of thermal annealing on an atomic layer deposition-fabricated AlOx/chemical tunnel oxide (ch-SiOx) stack layer, for passivating and enhancing the field-inversion at the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/n-type crystalline Si (n-Si) interface. Annealing in N-2/H-2 forming gas at 560 degrees C for 30min increased the effective minority carrier lifetime (tau(eff)) of the AlOx/ch-SiOx stack layer to 300-331 mu s, which decreased sheet resistance and enhanced the built-in potential and open-circuit voltage in PEDOT:PSS/n-Si heterojunction solar cells to 750mV and 645mV, respectively. These improvements originate from the local chemical bond configuration of the tunnel oxide ch-SiOx, which determines the passivation ability and band alignment at the AlOx/n-Si interface.
    AMER INST PHYSICS, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0007918
    DOI ID:10.1063/5.0007918, ISSN:0021-8979, eISSN:1089-7550, Web of Science ID:WOS:000556325800003
  • Synthesis of AlOx thin films by atmospheric-pressure mist chemical vapor deposition for surface passivation and electrical insulator layers
    Arifuzzaman Rajib; Karim Md Enamul; Shunji Kurosu; Tomofumi Ukai; Masahide Tokuda; Yasuhiko Fujii; Tatsuro Hanajiri; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A, 巻:38, 号:3, 開始ページ:033413, 終了ページ:033413, 2020年05月
    American Vacuum Society, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1116/1.5143273
    DOI ID:10.1116/1.5143273, ISSN:0734-2101, eISSN:1520-8559
  • Ultrafast dynamics of the low frequency shear phonon in 1T′- MoTe 2
    Takumi Fukuda; Kotaro Makino; Yuta Saito; Paul Fons; Alexander V. Kolobov; Keiji Ueno; Muneaki Hase
    Applied Physics Letters, 巻:116, 号:9, 開始ページ:093103, 終了ページ:093103, 2020年03月
    AIP Publishing, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5143485
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.5143485, ISSN:0003-6951, eISSN:1077-3118
  • Improved efficiency of methylammonium-free perovskite thin film solar cells by fluorinated ammonium iodide treatment               
    Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    Organic Electronics, 巻:78, 開始ページ:105596, 終了ページ:105596, 2020年03月
    Elsevier BV, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2019.105596
    DOI ID:10.1016/j.orgel.2019.105596, ISSN:1566-1199
  • Low-temperature growth of crystalline tungsten disulfide thin films by using organic liquid precursors               
    Yukihiro Ikeda; Keiji Ueno
    Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 巻:59, 2020年02月
    A low-temperature growth method for crystalline thin films of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) is urgently required to use various materials as substrates. In this paper, we report the growth of crystalline tungsten disulfide (WS2) thin films at a low growth temperature of 400 °C by using organic liquid precursors: bis(tert-butylimido)bis(dimethylamido)tungsten(VI) [(t-BuN)2W(NMe2)2] and di-tert-butyl disulfide thin films by the two-step reaction of an amorphous (a-)PbIxBr2-x layer and FAI(x) Br1-x solution diluted in IPA. An optical dispersion model was developed to extract the complex refractive index N (=n+ik), optical transition, and film thickness of FAPbI(x) Br3-x perovskites by SE analysis as a function of immersion time in a solution of FAI(x)Bri(1-x) diluted in IPA. SE combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning microscopy (SEM) revealed that IPA promoted film crystallization of a-PbIxBr2-x accompanied by the formation of surface roughness, grain boundaries, and voids, followed by enhanced diffusion of FAI(x)Br(1-x) into the grain boundaries/voids in the mesoporous crystallized PbIxBr2-x network. These processes contribute synergistically to the growth of the perovskite structure.
    AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b07527
    DOI ID:10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b07527, ISSN:1932-7447, SCOPUS ID:84994884896, Web of Science ID:WOS:000387737900022
  • Nafion-Modified PEDOT:PSS as a Transparent Hole-Transporting Layer for High-Performance Crystalline-Si/Organic Heterojunction Solar Cells with Improved Light Soaking Stability               
    Jaker Hossain; Qiming Liu; Takuya Miura; Koji Kasahara; Daisuke Harada; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 巻:8, 号:46, 開始ページ:31926, 終了ページ:31934, 2016年11月
    We demonstrate the chemistry of amphiphilic perfluorosulfonic copolymer Nafion-coated conductive poly(3,4-ethyelenedioxythiophene):poly-(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and its effect on the photovoltaic performance of PEDOT:PSS/crystalline Si (c-Si) heterojunction solar cells. The highly hydrophilic sulfonate group of insulating, chemically stable Nafion interacts with PSS in PEDOT:PSS, which reduce the Coulombic interaction between PEDOT and PSS. The highly hydrophobic fluorocarbon backbone of Nafion favorably interacts with hydrophobic PEDOT of PEDOT:PSS. These factors give rise to the extension of pi-conjugation of PEDOT chains. Silver paste used as a top grid electrode diffused into the Nafion layer and contacted with underneath Nafion-modified PEDOT:PSS layer. As a consequent, solution-processed Nafion-coated PEDOT:PSS/c-Si heterojunction solar cells exhibited a higher power conversion efficiency of 14.0% with better stability for light soaking rather than that of the pristine PEDOT:PSS/c-Si device by adjusting the layer thickness of Nafion. These findings originate from the chemical stability of hydrophobic fluorocarbon backbone of Nafion, diffusivity of silver paste into Nafion and contact with PEDOT:PSS, and Nafion as an antireflection layer.
    AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b10272
    DOI ID:10.1021/acsami.6b10272, ISSN:1944-8244, SCOPUS ID:84999115078, Web of Science ID:WOS:000388913900053
  • Monolayer 1 T-NbSe2 as a Mott insulator               
    Yuki Nakata; Katsuaki Sugawara; Ryota Shimizu; Yoshinori Okada; Patrick Han; Taro Hitosugi; Keiji Ueno; Takafumi Sato; Takashi Takahashi
    NPG ASIA MATERIALS, 巻:8, 2016年11月
    The emergence of exotic quantum phenomena is often triggered by a subtle change in the crystal phase. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit a wide variety of novel properties, depending on their crystal phases, which can be trigonal prismatic (2H) or octahedral (1T). Bulk NbSe2 crystallizes into the 2H phase, and the charge density wave and the superconductivity emerge simultaneously and interact with each other, thereby creating various anomalous properties. However, these properties and their interplay in another polymorph, 1T-NbSe2, have remained unclear because of the difficulty of synthesizing it. Here we report the first experimental realization of a monolayer 1T-NbSe2 crystal grown epitaxially on bilayer graphene. In contrast with 2H-NbSe2, monolayer 1T-NbSe2 was found to be a Mott insulator, with an energy gap of 0.4 eV. We also found that the insulating 1T and metallic 2H phases can be selectively fabricated by simply controlling the substrate temperature during epitaxy. The present results open a path to crystal-phase engineering based on TMDs.
    NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/am.2016.157
    DOI ID:10.1038/am.2016.157, ISSN:1884-4049, eISSN:1884-4057, SCOPUS ID:84994571030, Web of Science ID:WOS:000387402500001
  • Synthesis of High-Quality Large-Area Homogenous 1T′ MoTe2 from Chemical Vapor Deposition               
    Lin Zhou; Ahmad Zubair; Ziqiang Wang; Xu Zhang; Fangping Ouyang; Fangping Ouyang; Kai Xu; Wenjing Fang; Keiji Ueno; Ju Li; Ju Li; Tomás Palacios; Jing Kong; Mildred S. Dresselhaus; Mildred S. Dresselhaus
    Advanced Materials, 巻:28, 号:43, 開始ページ:9526, 終了ページ:+, 2016年11月
    High-quality large-area few-layer 1T' MoTe2 films with high homogeneity are synthesized by the controlled tellurization of MoO3 film. The Mo precursor plays a key role in determining the quality and morphology of the 1T' MoTe2. Furthermore, the amount of Te strongly influences the phase of the MoTe2. The growth method paves the way toward the scalable production of 1T' MoTe2-based applications.
    WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201602687
    DOI ID:10.1002/adma.201602687, ISSN:0935-9648, eISSN:1521-4095, SCOPUS ID:84987638165, Web of Science ID:WOS:000391175000010
  • Effect of substrate bias on mist deposition of conjugated polymer on textured crystalline-Si for efficient c-Si/organic heterojunction solar cells               
    Tatsuya Ohki; Koki Ichikawa; Jaker Hossein; Yasuhiko Fujii; Tatsuro Hanajiri; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE, 巻:213, 号:7, 開始ページ:1922, 終了ページ:1925, 2016年07月
    We investigated the chemical mist deposition (CMD) of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) on textured crystalline silicon (c-Si) substrate for efficient c-Si/PEDOT:PSS heterojunction solar cells. The Mie scattering observation and differential mobility analysis characterization revealed that the average size of mist particle decreased from 330 to 30 '10 nm with increasing the number density and traveling velocity of mist precursor when positive dc bias of 10 kV was applied to the c-Si substrate. The uniform deposition of PEDOT:PSS films was performed on textured c-Si with the increased adhesion by suitably adjusting V-s and substrate temperature. A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.57% was obtained with J of 36.1 mA cm(-2), Vo, of 0.49 V, and 1-1- of 0.66, when a positive V-s of 10 kV was applied to c-Si substrate. Furthermore, PCE increased to 12.5% with J of 35.6 mA cm(-2), V-oc of 0.53 V, and FF of 0.67 by adding a 20-nm-thick AR coating layer of molybdenum oxide MoOx, (refractive index, n = 2.1) fabricated by CMD using 12 molybdo(VI) phosphoric acid n-hydrate [H-3(PMo12O40) nH(2)O] as a precursor. These findings imply that CMD using negatively charged mist precursor is a possible method for the uniform deposition of PEDOT:PSS on textured c-Si substrate for efficient c-Si/PEDOT:PSS heterojunction solar cells. (C) 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
    WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201532951
    DOI ID:10.1002/pssa.201532951, ISSN:1862-6300, eISSN:1862-6319, SCOPUS ID:84963730570, Web of Science ID:WOS:000385222900040
  • Correlation between the fine structure of spin-coated PEDOT:PSS and the photovoltaic performance of organic/crystalline-silicon heterojunction solar cells               
    Shuji Funda; Tatsuya Ohki; Qiming Liu; Jaker Hossain; Yoshihiro Ishimaru; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 巻:120, 号:3, 2016年07月
    We investigated the relationship between the fine structure of spin-coated conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiphene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films and the photovoltaic performance of PEDOT:PSS crystalline-Si (PEDOT:PSS/c-Si) heterojunction solar cells. Real-time spectroscopic ellipsometry revealed that there were two different time constants for the formation of the PEDOT:PSS network. Upon removal of the polar solvent, the PEDOT:PSS film became optically anisotropic, indicating a conformational change in the PEDOT and PSS chain. Polarized Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflection absorption spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy measurements also indicated that thermal annealing promoted an in-plane pi-conjugated C-alpha-C-beta configuration attributed to a thiophene ring in PEDOT and an out-of-plane configuration of -SO3 groups in the PSS chain with increasing composition ratio of oxidized (benzoid) to neutral (quinoid) PEDOT, I-qui/I-ben. The highest power conversion efficiency for the spin-coated PEDOT:PSS/c-Si heterojunction solar cells was 13.3% for I-qui/I-ben -9-10 without employing any light harvesting methods. Published by AIP Publishing.
    AMER INST PHYSICS, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4958845
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.4958845, ISSN:0021-8979, eISSN:1089-7550, SCOPUS ID:84979299024, Web of Science ID:WOS:000381382500003
  • Carrier Polarity Control in α-MoTe2 Schottky Junctions Based on Weak Fermi-Level Pinning               
    Shu Nakaharai; Mahito Yamamoto; Keiji Ueno; Kazuhito Tsukagoshi
    ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 巻:8, 号:23, 開始ページ:14732, 終了ページ:14739, 2016年06月
    © 2016 American Chemical Society.The polarity of the charge carriers injected through Schottky junctions of α-phase molybdenum ditelluride (α-MoTe2) and various metals was characterized. We found that the Fermi-level pinning in the metal/α-MoTe2 Schottky junction is so weak that the polarity of the carriers (electron or hole) injected from the junction can be controlled by the work function of the metals, in contrast to other transition metal dichalcogenides such as MoS2. From the estimation of the Schottky barrier heights, we obtained p-type carrier (hole) injection from a Pt/α-MoTe2 junction with a Schottky barrier height of 40 meV at the valence band edge. n-Type carrier (electron) injection from Ti/α-MoTe2 and Ni/α-MoTe2 junctions was also observed with Schottky barrier heights of 50 and 100 meV, respectively, at the conduction band edge. In addition, enhanced ambipolarity was demonstrated in a Pt-Ti hybrid contact with a unique structure specially designed for polarity-reversible transistors, in which Pt and Ti electrodes were placed in parallel for injecting both electrons and holes.
    AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b02036
    DOI ID:10.1021/acsami.6b02036, ISSN:1944-8244, eISSN:1944-8252, SCOPUS ID:84975299230, Web of Science ID:WOS:000378195000054
  • Self-Limiting Oxides on WSe2 as Controlled Surface Acceptors and Low-Resistance Hole Contacts               
    Mahito Yamamoto; Shu Nakaharai; Keiji Ueno; Kazuhito Tsukagoshi
    NANO LETTERS, 巻:16, 号:4, 開始ページ:2720, 終了ページ:2727, 2016年04月
    Transition metal oxides show much promise as effective p-type contacts and dopants in electronics based on transition metal dichalcogenides. Here we report that atomically thin films of under-stoichiometric tungsten oxides (WOx with x < 3) grown on tungsten diselenide (WSe2) can be used as both controlled charge transfer dopants and low barrier contacts for p-type WSe2 transistors. Exposure of atomically thin WSe2 transistors to ozone (O-3) at 100 degrees C results in self-limiting oxidation of the WSe2 surfaces to conducting WOx films. WOx-covered WSe2 is highly hole-doped due to surface electron transfer from the underlying WSe2 to the high electron affinity WOx. The dopant concentration can be reduced by suppressing the electron affinity of WOx by air exposure, but exposure to O-3 at room temperature leads to the recovery of the electron affinity. Hence, surface transfer doping with WOx is virtually controllable. Transistors based on WSe2 covered with WOx show only p-type conductions with orders of magnitude better on-current, on/off current ratio, and carrier mobility than without WOx, suggesting that the surface WOx, serves as a p-type contact with a low hole Schottky barrier. Our findings point to a simple and effective strategy for creating p-type devices based on two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides with controlled dopant concentrations.
    AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00390
    DOI ID:10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00390, ISSN:1530-6984, eISSN:1530-6992, SCOPUS ID:84964914034, Web of Science ID:WOS:000374274600088
  • Investigating the chemical mist deposition technique for poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) on textured crystalline-silicon for organic/crystalline-silicon heterojunction solar cells               
    Jaker Hossain; Tatsuya Ohki; Koki Ichikawa; Kazuhiko Fujiyama; Keiji Ueno; Yasuhiko Fujii; Tatsuro Hanajiri; Hajime Shirai
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 巻:55, 号:3, 2016年03月
    Chemical mist deposition (CMD) of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) was investigated in terms of cavitation frequency f, solvent, flow rate of nitrogen, substrate temperature T-s, and substrate dc bias V-s as variables for efficient PEDOT:PSS/crystalline silicon (c-Si) heterojunction solar cells. The high-speed-camera and differential mobility analysis characterizations revealed that the average size and flux of PEDOT: PSS mist depend on f, type of solvent, and V-s. Film deposition occurred when positive V-s was applied to the c-Si substrate at T-s of 30-40 degrees C, whereas no deposition of films occurred with negative V-s, implying that the film is deposited mainly from negatively charged mist. The uniform deposition of PEDOT: PSS films occurred on textured c-Si(100) substrates by adjusting T-s and V-s. The adhesion of CMD PEDOT: PSS film to c-Si was greatly enhanced by applying substrate dc bias V-s compared with that of spin-coated film. The CMD PEDOT: PSS/c-Si heterojunction solar cell devices on textured c-Si(100) in 2 x 2 cm(2) exhibited a power conversion efficiency eta of 11.0% with better uniformity of the solar cell parameters. Furthermore, eta was increased to 12.5% by adding an AR coating layer of molybdenum oxide MoOx formed by CMD. These findings suggest that CMD with negatively charged mist has great potential for the uniform deposition of organic and inorganic materials on textured c-Si substrates by suitably adjusting T-s and V-s. (C) 2016 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
    IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.7567/JJAP.55.031601
    DOI ID:10.7567/JJAP.55.031601, ISSN:0021-4922, eISSN:1347-4065, SCOPUS ID:84961990487, Web of Science ID:WOS:000370491100017
  • Solution-processed crystalline silicon double-heterojunction solar cells               
    Ramesh Devkota; Qiming Liu; Tatsuya Ohki; Jaker Hossain; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS, 巻:9, 号:2, 2016年02月
    Crystalline silicon double-heterojunction solar cells were fabricated using Si/organic and Si/Cs2CO3 heterojunctions. The front heterojunction is formed by spin-coating conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethyenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) on n-type Czochralski (CZ) (100) silicon, which separates the photogenerated carriers and blocks the electron dark current while allowing the photocurrent to pass through. The rear heterojunction, formed by spin-coating Cs2CO3 and polyethylenimine (PEI) dissolved in 2-ethoxyethanol and Al metal evaporation, functions as a back surface field that reduces the hole dark current while allowing the electron photocurrent to pass through. The double-heterojunction device showed a power conversion efficiency of 12.7% under AM1.5G simulated solar light exposure. (C) 2016 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
    IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.7567/APEX.9.022301
    DOI ID:10.7567/APEX.9.022301, ISSN:1882-0778, eISSN:1882-0786, SCOPUS ID:84956984570, Web of Science ID:WOS:000371297800013
  • 19aAJ-4 高分解能ARPESによる遷移金属ダイカルコゲナイド1T-TaS_2上のBi薄膜の電子構造               
    山田 敬子; Trang; 相馬 清吾; 菅原 克明; 佐藤 宇史; 上野 啓司; 高橋 隆
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:71, 開始ページ:2470, 終了ページ:2470, 2016年
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.71.1.0_2470
    DOI ID:10.11316/jpsgaiyo.71.1.0_2470, ISSN:2189-079X, CiNii Articles ID:110010058409, CiNii Books ID:AA12721570
  • 20pBE-2 NbSe_2薄膜における電子状態の膜厚依存性 : 高分解能ARPES               
    中田 優樹; 山田 敬子; 君塚 平太; 田中 祐輔; 菅原 克明; 相馬 清吾; 佐藤 宇史; 清水 亮太; 一杉 太郎; 上野 啓司; 高橋 隆
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:71, 開始ページ:1868, 終了ページ:1868, 2016年
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.71.1.0_1868
    DOI ID:10.11316/jpsgaiyo.71.1.0_1868, ISSN:2189-079X, CiNii Articles ID:110010057838, CiNii Books ID:AA12721570
  • NbSe2原子層薄膜における微細電子構造:高分解能ARPES               
    中田 優樹; 菅原 克明; 相馬 清吾; 佐藤 宇史; 清水 亮太; 一杉 太郎; 上野 啓司; 高橋 隆
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:71, 開始ページ:1171, 終了ページ:1171, 2016年

    遷移金属ダイカルコゲナイドNbSe_2_の原子層化に伴う電子状態の変化を明らかにするために、分子線エピタキシー法を用いて2層グラフェン上に単層NbSe_2_薄膜を作製し、その電子状態を高分解能ARPESにより測定した。その結果、単層NbSe_2_において、バルクとは大きく異なる特異な電子状態を観測した。講演では、バルクの実験結果およびバンド計算との比較から、特異な電子状態の起源について議論する。


    一般社団法人 日本物理学会, 日本語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.71.2.0_1171
    DOI ID:10.11316/jpsgaiyo.71.2.0_1171, CiNii Articles ID:130006243828
  • グラフェン上に作製したNbSe2薄膜の高分解能ARPES               
    中田 優樹; 菅原 克明; 相馬 清吾; 佐藤 宇史; 清水 亮太; 一杉 太郎; 上野 啓司; 高橋 隆
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:71, 開始ページ:1393, 終了ページ:1393, 2016年

    バルクの2H-NbSe_2_は約33K以下でCDW相へ転移することが知られているが、膜厚の減少に伴うCDWの変化については未解明である。今回我々は、2層グラフェン上にMBE法により単層及び多層のNbSe_2_薄膜を作製し、それらの電子状態を高分解能ARPESによって測定した。講演では、詳細な電子構造の実験結果を報告するとともに、膜厚に依存したCDWの変化について議論する。


    一般社団法人 日本物理学会, 日本語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.71.2.0_1393
    DOI ID:10.11316/jpsgaiyo.71.2.0_1393, CiNii Articles ID:130006244003
  • Bi超薄膜1T-TaS2におけるバンド構造の異常な振る舞い:高分解能ARPES               
    山田 敬子; Trang C.; 相馬 清吾; 菅原 克明; 佐藤 宇史; 上野 啓司; 高橋 隆
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:71, 開始ページ:2310, 終了ページ:2310, 2016年

    V族のBi薄膜は、黒リン同様に興味深い相変態を示すことが知られており、(111)方位だけではなく、(110)方位の超薄膜においても2次元のトポロジカル絶縁体(TI)相の発現が期待され、注目を集めている。今回我々は、1T-TaS_2_やSi基板上にBi(110)超薄膜を作製し、電子構造を高分解能ARPESで測定した。その結果、TI相を予測するバンド計算と類似した電子構造を見出した。講演では、Bi(110)超薄膜のバンド構造における基板・温度依存性を詳しく議論する。


    一般社団法人 日本物理学会, 日本語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.71.2.0_2310
    DOI ID:10.11316/jpsgaiyo.71.2.0_2310, CiNii Articles ID:130006244991
  • Introduction to the Growth of Bulk Single Crystals of Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides               
    Keiji Ueno
    JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN, 巻:84, 号:12, 2015年12月
    Semiconducting two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (MX2) are attracting much attention as promising materials for a new generation of optical and electronic devices. MX2 compounds are complementary or competitive to graphene because of the existence of a native band gap. The growth of large and high-quality bulk single crystals is one of the critical issues for the application of MX2 compounds, whose bulk crystals are generally grown by the chemical vapor transport (CVT) method. In the present review, I introduce experimental techniques required for the CVT growth of high-quality MX2 single crystals.
    PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.84.121015
    DOI ID:10.7566/JPSJ.84.121015, ISSN:0031-9015, SCOPUS ID:84957074331, Web of Science ID:WOS:000365804100015
  • Origin of Noise in Layered MoTe2 Transistors and its Possible Use for Environmental Sensors               
    Yen-Fu Lin; Yong Xu; Che-Yi Lin; Yuen-Wuu Suen; Mahito Yamamoto; Shu Nakaharai; Keiji Ueno; Kazuhito Tsukagoshi
    ADVANCED MATERIALS, 巻:27, 号:42, 開始ページ:6612, 終了ページ:+, 2015年11月
    Low-frequency current fluctuations are monitored and the mechanism of electric noise investigated in layered 2H-type a-molybdenum ditelluride transistors. The charge transport mechanism of electric noise in atomically thin transitionmetal dichalcogenides is studied under different environments; the development of a new sensing functionality may be stimulated.
    WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201502677
    DOI ID:10.1002/adma.201502677, ISSN:0935-9648, eISSN:1521-4095, SCOPUS ID:84946781252, Web of Science ID:WOS:000364700200007
  • Changes in structure and chemical composition of α-MoTe<inf>2</inf> and β-MoTe<inf>2</inf> during heating in vacuum conditions               
    Keiji Ueno; Koji Fukushima
    Applied Physics Express, 巻:8, 号:9, 2015年09月
    © 2015 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.Molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe<inf>2</inf>) is known to have two different crystal phases: α-MoTe<inf>2</inf> and β-MoTe<inf>2</inf>. α-MoTe<inf>2</inf> is the polytype stable below 815 °C, and β-MoTe<inf>2</inf> is stable above 900 °C. Here, we report changes in the structure and composition of each single crystal during heating in low and high vacuum conditions. Contrary to the results of a recently published paper, we did not observe α-MoTe<inf>2</inf> transforming to β-MoTe<inf>2</inf> at elevated temperatures. In a low vacuum, the α-MoTe<inf>2</inf> sample was mainly oxidized, forming MoO<inf>2</inf>. In a high vacuum, it partially decomposed with surface oxidation. The recently reported "reversible phase transition" of α-MoTe<inf>2</inf> is the misinterpretation of X-ray diffraction data.
    IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.7567/APEX.8.095201
    DOI ID:10.7567/APEX.8.095201, ISSN:1882-0778, eISSN:1882-0786, SCOPUS ID:84940992838, Web of Science ID:WOS:000362184700026
  • Highly Efficient Solution-Processed Poly(3,4-ethylenedio-xythiophene):Poly(styrenesulfonate)/Crystalline-Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells with Improved Light-Induced Stability               
    Qiming Liu; Ryo Ishikawa; Shuji Funada; Tatsuya Ohki; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS, 巻:5, 号:17, 2015年09月
    © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.p-Toluenesulfonic acid/dimethyl sulfoxide (PTSA/DMSO)-treated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/crystalline-silicon (c-Si) hybrid solar cells with a solution-processed anti-reflection coating of TiO<inf>2</inf> exhibit a record power conversion efficiency of 15.5%. Additionally, the performance stability of the hybrid device for both air storage and light exposure is improved due to removal of the PSS matrix from the PTSA/DMSO-treated PEDOT:PSS thin film.
    WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201500744
    DOI ID:10.1002/aenm.201500744, ISSN:1614-6832, eISSN:1614-6840, SCOPUS ID:84941186958, Web of Science ID:WOS:000361226700013
  • Construction of van der Waals magnetic tunnel junction using ferromagnetic layered dichalcogenide               
    Miho Arai; Rai Moriya; Naoto Yabuki; Satoru Masubuchi; Keiji Ueno; Tomoki Machida
    APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 巻:107, 号:10, 2015年09月
    We investigate the micromechanical exfoliation and van der Waals (vdW) assembly of ferromagnetic layered dichalcogenide Fe0.25TaS2. The vdW interlayer coupling at the Fe-intercalated plane of Fe0.25TaS2 allows exfoliation of flakes. A vdW junction between the cleaved crystal surfaces is constructed by dry transfer method. We observe tunnel magnetoresistance in the resulting junction under an external magnetic field applied perpendicular to the plane, demonstrating spin-polarized tunneling between the ferromagnetic layered material and the vdW junction. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.
    AMER INST PHYSICS, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4930311
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.4930311, ISSN:0003-6951, eISSN:1077-3118, SCOPUS ID:84941356974, Web of Science ID:WOS:000361640200042
  • Large-Area Synthesis of High-Quality Uniform Few-Layer MoTe2               
    Lin Zhou; Kai Xu; Ahmad Zubair; Albert D. Liao; Wenjing Fang; Fangping Ouyang; Yi-Hsien Lee; Keiji Ueno; Riichiro Saito; Tomas Palacios; Jing Kong; Mildred S. Dresselhaus
    JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 巻:137, 号:37, 開始ページ:11892, 終了ページ:11895, 2015年09月
    The controlled synthesis of large-area, atomically thin molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) crystals is crucial for its various applications based on the attractive properties of this emerging material. In this work, we developed a chemical vapor deposition synthesis to produce large-area, uniform, and highly crystalline fewlayer 2H and 1T' MoTe2 films. It was found that these two different phases of MoTe2 can be grown depending on the choice of Mo precursor. Because of the highly crystalline structure, the as-grown few-layer 2H MoTe2 films display electronic properties that are comparable to those of mechanically exfoliated MoTe2 flakes. Our growth method paves the way for the large-scale application of MoTe2 in high-performance nanoelectronics and optoelectronics.
    AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b07452
    DOI ID:10.1021/jacs.5b07452, ISSN:0002-7863, SCOPUS ID:84942239142, Web of Science ID:WOS:000361930000010
  • 金属単結晶基板上における単層カーボンナイトライド成長               
    加藤 時穂; 小幡 誠司; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗
    応用物理学会学術講演会講演予稿集, 巻:2015.2, 開始ページ:3367, 終了ページ:3367, 2015年08月
    公益社団法人 応用物理学会, 日本語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11470/jsapmeeting.2015.2.0_3367
    DOI ID:10.11470/jsapmeeting.2015.2.0_3367, eISSN:2436-7613
  • Electrostatically Reversible Polarity of Ambipolar α-MoTe<inf>2</inf> Transistors               
    Shu Nakaharai; Mahito Yamamoto; Keiji Ueno; Yen Fu Lin; Yen Fu Lin; Song Lin Li; Kazuhito Tsukagoshi
    ACS Nano, 巻:9, 号:6, 開始ページ:5976, 終了ページ:5983, 2015年06月
    © 2015 American Chemical Society.A doping-free transistor made of ambipolar α-phase molybdenum ditelluride (α-MoTe<inf>2</inf>) is proposed in which the transistor polarity (p-type and n-type) is electrostatically controlled by dual top gates. The voltage signal in one of the gates determines the transistor polarity, while the other gate modulates the drain current. We demonstrate the transistor operation experimentally, with electrostatically controlled polarity of both p- and n-type in a single transistor.
    AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b00736
    DOI ID:10.1021/acsnano.5b00736, ISSN:1936-0851, eISSN:1936-086X, SCOPUS ID:84935017328, Web of Science ID:WOS:000356988500038
  • Double resonance Raman modes in monolayer and few-layer MoTe2               
    Huaihong Guo; Teng Yang; Mahito Yamamoto; Lin Zhou; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Kazuhito Tsukagoshi; Zhidong Zhang; Mildred S. Dresselhaus; Riichiro Saito
    PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 巻:91, 号:20, 2015年05月
    We study the second-order Raman process of mono- and few-layer MoTe2, by combining ab initio density functional perturbation calculations with experimental Raman spectroscopy using 532, 633, and 785 nm excitation lasers. The calculated electronic band structure and the density of states show that the resonance Raman process occurs at the M point in the Brillouin zone, where a strong optical absorption occurs due to a logarithmic Van Hove singularity of the electronic density of states. The double resonance Raman process with intervalley electron-phonon coupling connects two of the three inequivalent M points in the Brillouin zone, giving rise to second-order Raman peaks due to the M-point phonons. The calculated vibrational frequencies of the second-order Raman spectra agree with the observed laser-energy-dependent Raman shifts in the experiment.
    AMER PHYSICAL SOC, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.91.205415
    DOI ID:10.1103/PhysRevB.91.205415, ISSN:1098-0121, eISSN:1550-235X, SCOPUS ID:84929598374, Web of Science ID:WOS:000354365100005
  • Self-Limiting Layer-by-Layer Oxidation of Atomically Thin WSe2               
    Mahito Yamamoto; Sudipta Dutta; Shinya Aikawa; Shu Nakaharai; Katsunori Wakabayashi; Michael S. Fuhrer; Keiji Ueno; Kazuhito Tsukagoshi
    NANO LETTERS, 巻:15, 号:3, 開始ページ:2067, 終了ページ:2073, 2015年03月
    Growth of a uniform oxide film with a tunable thickness on two-dimensional transition Metal dichalcogenides is of great importance for electronic and optoelectronic applications. Here we demonstrate homogeneous surface oxidation of atomically thin WSe2 with a self-limiting thickness from single- to trilayers. Exposure to ozone (O-3) below 100 degrees C leads to the lateral growth of tungsten oxide selectively along selenium zigzag-edge orientations on WSe2. With further O-3 exposure, the oxide regions coalesce and oxidation terminates leaving a uniform thickness oxide film on top of unoxidized WSe2. At higher temperatures, oxidation evolves in the layer-by-layer regime up to trilayers. The oxide films formed on WSe2 are nearly atomically flat. Using photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy, we find that the underlying single-layer WSe2 is decoupled from the top oxide but hole-doped. Our findings offer a new strategy for creating atomically thin heterostructures of semiconductors and insulating oxides with potential for applications in electronic devices.
    AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/nl5049753
    DOI ID:10.1021/nl5049753, ISSN:1530-6984, eISSN:1530-6992, SCOPUS ID:84924630786, Web of Science ID:WOS:000351188000095
  • Si(111)基板上におけるジアセチレン薄膜成長過程の光学顕微鏡観察               
    鎌田 勇人; 小幡 誠司; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗
    応用物理学会学術講演会講演予稿集, 巻:2015.1, 開始ページ:2166, 終了ページ:2166, 2015年02月
    公益社団法人 応用物理学会, 日本語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11470/jsapmeeting.2015.1.0_2166
    DOI ID:10.11470/jsapmeeting.2015.1.0_2166, eISSN:2436-7613
  • Fabrication of organic/inorganic hybrid CMOS devices using solution-processed graphene electrodes
    Koichi Suganuma; Hajime Shirai; Keiji Ueno
    IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems, 巻:135, 号:2, 開始ページ:156, 終了ページ:159, 2015年02月
    Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) inverter circuits were fabricated using solution-processed field-effect transistors (FETs)
    p-type FET of 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene (TIPS-pentacene) and n-type FET of Li-doped ZnO. As the source/drain electrodes of these FETs, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) films were prepared also by the solution process. The fabricated CMOS inverter device showed the voltage gain of 10.
    Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, 日本語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.135.156
    DOI ID:10.1541/ieejeiss.135.156, ISSN:1348-8155, SCOPUS ID:84922239834
  • 17pAH-4 NbSe_2薄膜の高分解能ARPES               
    中田 優樹; 山田 敬子; 君塚 平太; 田中 祐輔; 菅原 克明; 相馬 清吾; 佐藤 宇史; 上野 啓司; 高橋 隆
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:70, 開始ページ:1592, 終了ページ:1592, 2015年
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.70.2.0_1592
    DOI ID:10.11316/jpsgaiyo.70.2.0_1592, ISSN:2189-079X, CiNii Articles ID:110010029283, CiNii Books ID:AA12721570
  • 18aCE-3 1T-TaS_2上のBi薄膜の高分解能ARPES               
    山田 敬子; C. Trang; 相馬 清吾; 菅原 克明; 佐藤 宇史; 上野 啓司; 高橋 隆
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:70, 開始ページ:1230, 終了ページ:1230, 2015年
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.70.2.0_1230
    DOI ID:10.11316/jpsgaiyo.70.2.0_1230, ISSN:2189-079X, CiNii Articles ID:110010029080, CiNii Books ID:AA12721570
  • Retraction to Poly(3-hexylthiophene) films by electrospray deposition for crystalline silicon/organic hybrid junction solar cells [Phys. Status Solidi C, 2071, (2012) 10-11], DOI: 10.1002/pssc.201200129
    Taiga Hiate; Naoto Miyauchi; Zeguo Tang; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    Physica Status Solidi (C) Current Topics in Solid State Physics, 巻:12, 開始ページ:1191, 終了ページ:1191, 2015年01月
    © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) Copyright © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.The above article, published online on 25 July 2015 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor-in-Chief, Stefan Hildebrandt, and Wiley-VCH GmbH & Co. KGaA. The retraction has been agreed since the contents of the article have already been published by the corresponding author in Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 51, 061602 (2015) on 4 June 2015. The manuscript submitted to physica status solidi (c) was part of the E-MRS 2015 Spring Meeting, Symposium A, Proceedings. The authors regret the dual publication and express their sincere apologies to readers. (
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/pssc.201570094
    DOI ID:10.1002/pssc.201570094, ISSN:1862-6351, SCOPUS ID:84939653832
  • Efficient organic/polycrystalline silicon hybrid solar cells               
    Qiming Liu; Tatsuya Ohki; Dequan Liu; Hiromitsu Sugawara; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    NANO ENERGY, 巻:11, 開始ページ:260, 終了ページ:266, 2015年01月
    We firstly investigated efficient poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS)/n-type polycrystalline silicon (p-Si) heterojunction solar cells fabricated by chemical mist deposition (CMD) using a high-pressure H2O-vapor-treated p-Si prior to organic film deposition. High-pressure H2O vapor treatment of the p-Si efficiently suppressed grain boundary defects and improved carrier transport at the PEDOT:PSS/p-Si interface. Furthermore, compared to spin coated devices, the CMD devices demonstrated a more uniform photovoltaic performance. The power conversion efficiency of the PEDOT:PSS/p-Si heterojunction solar cells was 9.7% with a short-circuit current density of 33.5 mA/cm(2), an open-circuit voltage of 0.54 V, and a fill factor of 0.53. These findings suggest that CMD with a negatively charged mist precursor provides uniform adhesion of PEDOT:PSS on p-Si, resulting in increased photovoltaic performance. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.10.032
    DOI ID:10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.10.032, ISSN:2211-2855, eISSN:2211-3282, SCOPUS ID:84911930097, Web of Science ID:WOS:000351194300030
  • van der Waals Junctions of Layered 2D Materials for Functional Devices               
    Tomoki Machida; Rai Moriya; Miho Arai; Yohta Sata; Takehiro Yamaguchi; Naoto Yabuki; Sei Morikawa; Satoru Masubuchi; Keiji Ueno
    2015 IEEE INTERNATIONAL ELECTRON DEVICES MEETING (IEDM), 巻:2016-February, 2015年
    We fabricated van der Waals (vdW) junctions of two-dimensional (2D) crystals using mechanical exfoliation and transfer technique of atomic layers. By connecting cleaved flakes of Fe0.25TaS2, van der Waals magnet tunnel junction was constructed, exhibiting tunneling magnetoresistance effect. In addition, large current modulation with ON-OFF current ratio exceeding 10(5) and ON current density of 10(4) A/cm(2) was achieved in metal/MoS2/graphene vertical FET. Josephson effect was demonstrated in van der Waals NbSe2/NbSe2 junctions.
    IEEE, 英語, 研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/IEDM.2015.7409783
    DOI ID:10.1109/IEDM.2015.7409783, ISSN:0163-1918, SCOPUS ID:84964038603, Web of Science ID:WOS:000380472500177
  • Erratum: Optical and carrier transport properties of graphene oxide based crystalline-Si/organic Schottky junction solar cells (Journal of Applied Physics (2013) 114 (234506))
    I. Khatri; Z. Tang; T. Hiate; Q. Liu; R. Ishikawa; K. Ueno; H. Shirai
    Journal of Applied Physics, 巻:116, 号:23, 2014年12月
    American Institute of Physics Inc., 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4900524
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.4900524, ISSN:1089-7550, SCOPUS ID:84919683738
  • Improved performance of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(stylene sulfonate)/n-Si hybrid solar cell by incorporating silver nanoparticles               
    Ishwor Khatri; Qiming Liu; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 巻:53, 号:11, 2014年11月
    We report an enhancement in the efficiency of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(stylene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/n-Si hybrid solar cell by incorporating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with PEDOT:PSS. AgNPs were prepared by reducing silver nitrate in green-tea solution, which showed characteristic absorption peak due to the surface plasmonic resonance effect. AgNPs incorporated PEDOT:PSS/n-Si hybrid device shows power conversion efficiency (eta) of 10.21%, which is comparatively higher to the performance of pristine device without AgNPs. Here, we noticed that incorporation of AgNPs decreases sheet resistance and enlarged surface roughness of PEDOT:PSS film for the efficient collection of charges, rather than plasmonic effect. (C) 2014 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
    IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.7567/JJAP.53.110305
    DOI ID:10.7567/JJAP.53.110305, ISSN:0021-4922, eISSN:1347-4065, SCOPUS ID:84909957557, Web of Science ID:WOS:000346462200005
  • Improved photovoltaic response by incorporating green tea modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes in organic-inorganic hybrid solar cell               
    Ishwor Khatri; Qiming Liu; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS, 巻:92, 号:7-8, 開始ページ:849, 終了ページ:852, 2014年07月
    In this work, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are separated and cut into short pipes using a green tea solution and embedded at interface of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(stylenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/n-Si hybrid solar cells. Devices fabricated with embedding green tea modified MWCNTs show much better performance (10.02%) than that of a device without MWCNTs (9.2%) due to better hole transportation, easy exciton splitting, and suppression of charge recombination.
    CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2013-0506
    DOI ID:10.1139/cjp-2013-0506, ISSN:0008-4204, eISSN:1208-6045, SCOPUS ID:84904297439, Web of Science ID:WOS:000339379500064
  • Self assembled silver nanowire mesh as top electrode for organic-inorganic hybrid solar cell               
    Ishwor Khatri; Qiming Liu; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS, 巻:92, 号:7-8, 開始ページ:867, 終了ページ:870, 2014年07月
    We prepare transparent, selfassembled polygonal silver nanowire (AgNW) mesh by bubble template and use as top electrode for a poly (3,4ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(stylenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/n-Si hybrid solar cell. Devices were fabricated by pressing the self-assembled AgNW and ITO electrodes onto the surface of the PEDOT: PSS and device performances were compared. In identical transmittances of ITO and self-assembled AgNW (i.e., 87% transmittance at wavelength of 550 nm), the self-assembled AgNW mesh electrodes shows lower sheet resistance (8 Omega/square) with enhanced transparency in the ultraviolet and infrared regions. As a result, a device performance with an efficiency of 9.60% was obtained with the self-assembled electrode compared to 9.07% efficiency from the indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrode under 100 mW/cm(2) of AM 1.5 illumination. This study suggests the potential application of a self-assembled AgNW electrode as the transparent conducting electrode for future optoelectronic devices.
    CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2013-0564
    DOI ID:10.1139/cjp-2013-0564, ISSN:0008-4204, eISSN:1208-6045, SCOPUS ID:84904317577, Web of Science ID:WOS:000339379500068
  • Self-assembled silver nanowires as top electrode for poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(stylenesulfonate)/n-silicon solar cell               
    Ishwor Khatri; Ayo Hoshino; Fumiya Watanabe; Qiming Liu; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    THIN SOLID FILMS, 巻:558, 開始ページ:306, 終了ページ:310, 2014年05月
    We prepare transparent, self-assembled polygonal silver nanowire (AgNW) mesh by bubble template and transferred as top electrode in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(stylenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/n-silicon hybrid solar cell, which shows power conversion efficiency of 10.62% under 100 mW/cm(2) of AM 1.5G illuminations. The self-assembled AgNW mesh electrode exhibited a low sheet resistance (50 Omega/square) with high transmittance (87%) at a wavelength of 550 nm. In self-assembled AgNW mesh, AgNWs are well packed making continuous path for charge collection and transportation. Nevertheless, studies have also been carried out to transfer AgNWs from donor (glass or plastic) to receiver substrates (thermal release tape) and an expected reason for the transfer of AgNWs from thermal release tape to the top of PEDOT: PSS has also been proposed. (C) 2014 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2014.02.073
    DOI ID:10.1016/j.tsf.2014.02.073, ISSN:0040-6090, SCOPUS ID:84898785080, Web of Science ID:WOS:000334314100047
  • Ambipolar MoTe2 Transistors and Their Applications in Logic Circuits               
    Yen-Fu Lin; Yong Xu; Sheng-Tsung Wang; Song-Lin Li; Mahito Yamamoto; Alex Aparecido-Ferreira; Wenwu Li; Huabin Sun; Shu Nakaharai; Wen-Bin Jian; Keiji Ueno; Kazuhito Tsukagoshi
    ADVANCED MATERIALS, 巻:26, 号:20, 開始ページ:3263, 終了ページ:+, 2014年05月
    We report ambipolar charge transport in a-molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) flakes, whereby the temperature dependence of the electrical characteristics was systematically analyzed. The ambipolarity of the charge transport originated from the formation of Schottky barriers at the metal/MoTe2 contacts. The Schottky barrier heights as well as the current on/off ratio could be modified by modulating the electrostatic fields of the back-gate voltage (V-bg) and drain-source voltage (V-ds). Using these ambipolar MoTe2 transistors we fabricated complementary inverters and amplifiers, demonstrating their feasibility for future digital and analog circuit applications.
    WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201305845
    DOI ID:10.1002/adma.201305845, ISSN:0935-9648, eISSN:1521-4095, SCOPUS ID:84901493242, Web of Science ID:WOS:000336999800012
  • Strong Enhancement of Raman Scattering from a Bulk-Inactive Vibrational Mode in Few-Layer MoTe2               
    Mahito Yamamoto; Sheng Tsung Wang; Meiyan Ni; Yen-Fu Lin; Song-Lin Li; Shinya Aikawa; Wen-Bin Jian; Keiji Ueno; Katsunori Wakabayashi; Kazuhito Tsukagoshi
    ACS NANO, 巻:8, 号:4, 開始ページ:3895, 終了ページ:3903, 2014年04月
    Two-dimensional layered crystals could show phonon properties that are markedly distinct from those of their bulk counterparts, because of the loss of periodicities along the c-axis directions. Here we investigate the phonon properties of bulk and atomically thin alpha-MoTe2 using Raman spectroscopy. The Raman spectrum of alpha-MoTe2 shows a prominent peak of the in-plane E-2g(1) mode, with its frequency upshifting with decreasing thickness down to the atomic scale, similar to other dichalcogenides. Furthermore, we find large enhancement of the Raman scattering from the out-of-plane B-2g(1) mode in the atomically thin layers. The B-2g(1) models Raman inactive in the bulk, but is observed to become active in the few-layer films. The intensity ratio of the B-2g(1) to E-2g(1) peaks evolves significantly with decreasing thickness, in contrast with other dichalcogenides. Our observations point to strong effects of dimensionality on the phonon properties of MoTe2.
    AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/nn5007607
    DOI ID:10.1021/nn5007607, ISSN:1936-0851, eISSN:1936-086X, SCOPUS ID:84899451693, Web of Science ID:WOS:000334990600087
  • Cu基板上に塗布製膜した固体前駆体からの通電加熱グラフェン製膜               
    馬場 智矢; 斉木 幸一朗; 上野 啓司
    応用物理学会学術講演会講演予稿集, 巻:2014.1, 開始ページ:3606, 終了ページ:3606, 2014年03月
    公益社団法人 応用物理学会, 日本語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11470/jsapmeeting.2014.1.0_3606
    DOI ID:10.11470/jsapmeeting.2014.1.0_3606, eISSN:2436-7613
  • Real-time measurement of optical anisotropy during film growth using a chemical mist deposition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)               
    T. Hiate; N. Miyauchi; Q. Liu; R. Ishikawa; K. Ueno; H. Shirai
    JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 巻:115, 号:12, 2014年03月
    Real-time monitoring of optical anisotropy during growth by the chemical mist deposition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films was carried out using spectroscopic ellipsometry. The microstructure of the grown films was found to be primarily determined by the DC bias applied to the mesh electrode. The ellipsometry results revealed that uniaxial anisotropy appeared for film thicknesses of about 5 nm and above, which corresponds to the average size of PEDOT crystallites. The extraordinary refractive index was found to be strongly correlated with the carrier mobility. Both the degree of optical anisotropy and the carrier mobility could be controlled during film growth by adjusting the DC bias. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
    AMER INST PHYSICS, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4869956
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.4869956, ISSN:0021-8979, eISSN:1089-7550, SCOPUS ID:84898045854, Web of Science ID:WOS:000333901100023
  • 原子層エレクトロニクスに向けたカルコゲナイド系層状物質の基礎物性と薄膜形成手法               
    上野啓司; 塚越一仁
    応用物理, 巻:83, 号:4, 開始ページ:274, 終了ページ:278, 2014年, [査読有り]
    応用物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:0369-8009, CiNii Articles ID:40020062119, CiNii Books ID:AN00026679, ORCID:35732259
  • Solution-processed graphene oxide as a possible material for photovoltaic device               
    Shirai, H.; Ueno, K.
    Journal of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, 巻:97, 号:3, 開始ページ:215, 終了ページ:221, 2014年01月
    研究論文(学術雑誌)
    ISSN:0913-5693, ORCID:33901965, SCOPUS ID:84901430610
  • Optical and carrier transport properties of graphene oxide based crystalline-Si/organic Schottky junction solar cells
    I. Khatri; Z. Tang; T. Hiate; Q. Liu; R. Ishikawa; K. Ueno; H. Shirai
    Journal of Applied Physics, 巻:114, 号:23, 2013年12月
    We investigated the graphene oxide (GO) based n-type crystalline silicon (c-Si)/conductive poly(ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT: PSS) Schottky junction devices with optical characterization and carrier transport measurement techniques. The optical transmittance in the UV region decreased markedly for the films with increasing the concentration of GO whereas it increased markedly in the visible-infrared regions. Spectroscopic ellipsometry revealed that the ordinary and extraordinary index of refraction increased with increasing the concentration of GO. The hole mobility also increased from 1.14 for pristine film to 1.85 cm2/V s for the 12-15 wt. % GO modified film with no significant increases of carrier concentration. The highest conductivity was found for a 15 wt. % GO modified PEDOT:PSS film: the c-Si/PEDOT:PSS:GO device using this sample exhibited a relatively high power conversion efficiency of 11.04%. In addition, the insertion of a 2-3 nm-thick GO thin layer at the c-Si/PEDOT:PSS interface suppressed the carrier recombination efficiency of dark electron and photo-generated hole at the anode, resulting in the increased photovoltaic performance. This study indicates that the GO can be good candidates for hole transporting layer of c-Si/PEDOT:PSS Schottky junction solar cell. © 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
    英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4847515
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.4847515, ISSN:0021-8979, SCOPUS ID:84891389994
  • Improved photovoltaic performance of crystalline-Si/organic Schottky junction solar cells using ferroelectric polymers               
    Q. Liu; I. Khatri; R. Ishikawa; A. Fujimori; K. Ueno; K. Manabe; H. Nishino; H. Shirai
    APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 巻:103, 号:16, 2013年10月
    The effect of inserting an ultrathin layer of ferroelectric (FE) poly(vinylidene fluoridetetrafluoroethylene) P(VDF-TeFE) at the crystalline (c-)Si/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) interface of a c-Si/PEDOT:PSS Schottky junction solar cell is demonstrated. P(VDF-TeFE) is a highly resistive material that exhibits a large, permanent, internal polarization electric field by poling of molecular dipole among the polymer chains. Because of these properties, performance can be enhanced by adjusting the thickness of the FE layer and subsequent poling process. Inserting a 3-nm-thick FE layer increases the power conversion efficiency g from 10.2% to 11.4% with a short-circuit current density J(sc) of 28.85 mA/cm(2), an open-circuit voltage V-oc of 0.57 V, and a fill factor FF of 0.692. Subsequent poling of the FE layer under a reverse DC bias stress increased g up to 12.3% with a J(sc) of 29.7 mA/cm(2), a V-oc of 0.58 V, and an FF of 0.71. The obtained results confirm that the spontaneous polarization of the FE layers is responsible for the enhancement of g, and that the polarization-based enhancement works if the FE layer is highly crystalline. These findings originate from efficient charge extraction to the electrodes and a suppression of non-radiative recombination at the c-Si/PEDOT: PSS interface. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
    AMER INST PHYSICS, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4826323
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.4826323, ISSN:0003-6951, eISSN:1077-3118, SCOPUS ID:84886421198, Web of Science ID:WOS:000326148700086
  • Optical anisotropy in solvent-modified poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonic acid) and its effect on the photovoltaic performance of crystalline silicon/organic heterojunction solar cells               
    Qiming Liu; Takashi Imamura; Taiga Hiate; Ishwor Khatri; Zeguo Tang; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 巻:102, 号:24, 2013年06月
    An investigation was carried out into the effect of uniaxial optical anisotropy in poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) on the photovoltaic performance of crystalline Si/PEDOT: PSS heterojunction solar cells fabricated by spin coating using either a methanol (MeOH) solvent alone or using MeOH and ethylene glycol (EG) as cosolvents. Spectroscopic ellipsometry revealed that the extraordinary index of refraction increased by the use of the cosolvents. In contrast, the ordinary index of refraction indicated metallic properties and was almost independent of the concentration of MeOH or EG. The highest conductivity was found for a (PEDOT: PSS):(MeOH):(EG) weight ratio of 1:1:0.1, and this sample exhibited a relatively high power conversion efficiency of 11.23%. These findings suggest that the increase in the extraordinary index of refraction leads to an enhancement of the hole mobility in PEDOT: PSS, resulting in improved photovoltaic performance. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
    AMER INST PHYSICS, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4811355
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.4811355, ISSN:0003-6951, SCOPUS ID:84879820777, Web of Science ID:WOS:000320962400113
  • Effects of molybdenum oxide molecular doping on the chemical structure of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(stylenesulfonate) and on carrier collection efficiency of silicon/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(stylenesulfonate) heterojunction solar cells               
    Q. Liu; I. Khatri; R. Ishikawa; K. Ueno; H. Shirai
    APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 巻:102, 号:18, 2013年05月
    The effects of MoO3 molecular doping in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(stylenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) on the chemical structure and, in turn, on the carrier collection efficiency of c-Si/PEDOT:PSS heterojunction solar cells are demonstrated. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the hydrophilic PSS polymer chain was intercalated into the interlayer van der Waals gap of MoO3 flake sheets, which modified the chemical structure of PEDOT: PSS. MoO3 exhibited intense photoluminescence in the 350-550 nm region, which enhanced the carrier collection efficiency of c-Si/PEDOT:PSS heterojunction solar cells with no significant changes. These findings suggest that the intense photoluminescence of MoO3 and its light wavelength conversion contribute to the increased carrier collection efficiency. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
    AMER INST PHYSICS, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4804298
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.4804298, ISSN:0003-6951, eISSN:1077-3118, SCOPUS ID:84877775124, Web of Science ID:WOS:000320439900081
  • Efficient Organic Photovoltaic Cells Using MoO3 Hole-Transporting Layers Prepared by Simple Spin-Cast of Its Dispersion Solution in Methanol               
    Mayuko Kishi; Yosuke Kubo; Ryo Ishikawa; Hajime Shirai; Keiji Ueno
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 巻:52, 号:2, 2013年02月
    MoO3 is one of the efficient hole-transporting materials for organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs). Here, a facile method of preparing the MoO3 buffer layer will be introduced. MoO3 powder was added into methanol and ultrasonication of the dispersion solution was carried out. Then the solution was centrifuged, and the supernatant was spin-cast on an indium-tin-oxide anode. On it, a photoconversion layer was prepared by spin-casting a poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl-C-61 butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) composite solution. The fabricated OPVs revealed an efficiency as high as 3.05%, which is better than that of P3HT:PCBM OPV with a poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) hole-transporting layer. (C) 2013 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
    JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.7567/JJAP.52.020202
    DOI ID:10.7567/JJAP.52.020202, ISSN:0021-4922, SCOPUS ID:84874145843, Web of Science ID:WOS:000314466800002
  • Green-tea modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes for efficient poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(stylenesulfonate)/n-silicon hybrid solar cell               
    Ishwor Khatri; Zeguo Tang; Qiming Liu; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 巻:102, 号:6, 2013年02月
    Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(stylenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS)/n-Si hybrid solar cells were studied with and without embedding green-tea modify multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) at interface. Devices fabricated with embedding green-tea modified MWCNTs show much better performance than that of a device without MWCNTs with short circuit current density (J(sc)), open circuit voltage (V-oc), fill factor, and power conversion efficiency (eta) as 30.31 mA/cm(2), 0.54V, 0.66, and 10.93%, respectively. Here, we believe that green-tea disperse MWCNTs bundles to individual and its incorporation improved built-in potential (V-b) of the device for better hole transport, easy exciton splitting, and suppression of charge recombination, thereby improving photovoltaic response. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4792691]
    AMER INST PHYSICS, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4792691
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.4792691, ISSN:0003-6951, SCOPUS ID:84874255755, Web of Science ID:WOS:000315053300101
  • High-performance top-gated monolayer SnS2 field-effect transistors and their integrated logic circuits               
    H. S. Song; S. L. Li; L. Gao; Y. Xu; K. Ueno; J. Tang; Y. B. Cheng; K. Tsukagoshi
    NANOSCALE, 巻:5, 号:20, 開始ページ:9666, 終了ページ:9670, 2013年
    Two-dimensional (2D) layered semiconductors are very promising for post-silicon ultrathin channels and flexible electronics due to the remarkable dimensional and mechanical properties. Besides molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), the first recognized 2D semiconductor, it is also important to explore the wide spectrum of layered metal chalcogenides (LMCs) and to identify possible compounds with high performance. Here we report the fabrication of high-performance top-gated field-effect transistors (FETs) and related logic gates from monolayer tin disulfide (SnS2), a non-transition metal dichalcogenide. The measured carrier mobility of our monolayer devices reaches 50 cm(2) V-1 s(-1), much higher than that of the back-gated counterparts (similar to 1 cm(2) V-1 s(-1)). Based on a direct-coupled FET logic technique, advanced Boolean logic gates and operations are also implemented, with a voltage gain of 3.5 and output swing of >90% for the NOT and NOR gates, respectively. The superior electrical and integration properties make monolayer SnS2 a strong candidate for next-generation atomic electronics.
    ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/c3nr01899g
    DOI ID:10.1039/c3nr01899g, ISSN:2040-3364, eISSN:2040-3372, SCOPUS ID:84884862198, Web of Science ID:WOS:000325005500032
  • Top-Contacted Organic Field-Effect Transistors with Graphene Electrodes Prepared by Laminate Transfer Method               
    Koichi Suganuma; Takuya Gotou; Keiji Ueno
    APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS, 巻:5, 号:12, 2012年12月
    Top-contacted organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with graphene electrodes were fabricated by the laminate transfer method. Graphene electrodes were prepared on a different glass substrate and transferred onto an organic semiconductor layer of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) using a double-layer laminate film of polyacrylonitrile ( PAN) and poly( methyl methacrylate) ( PMMA). The fabricated top-contacted OFET with graphene electrodes covered by the polymer film showed good p-type transistor characteristics with hole mobility of (3.7 +/- 0.5) x 10(-2) cm(2) V-1 s(-1), and 92% of the mobility was maintained even after exposure to ambient air for 250 h. (C) 2012 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
    JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/APEX.5.125104
    DOI ID:10.1143/APEX.5.125104, ISSN:1882-0778, SCOPUS ID:84871267851, Web of Science ID:WOS:000312000800021
  • Increased Organic Photovoltaic Cell Efficiency by Incorporating a Nonionic Fluorinated Surfactant Cathode Interlayer               
    Ryo Ishikawa; Hajime Shirai; Keiji Ueno
    APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS, 巻:5, 号:12, 2012年12月
    The performance of an organic thin film photovoltaic cell was improved using a solution-processed fluorinated surfactant Zonyl (R) FS-300 (Zonyl) cathode interlayer. Poly[N-9'-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT) and [6,6]-phenyl C-71-butyric acid methyl ester ([70]PCBM) were used as the donor and acceptor, respectively, in the bulk-heterojunction photoactive layer. The spin-casting of the appropriate concentration of the Zonyl solution on the photoactive layer significantly and simultaneously improved the short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, and fill factor. The optimized Zonyl treatment increased the power conversion efficiency from 3.53 to 4.76%. (C) 2012 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
    JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/APEX.5.121601
    DOI ID:10.1143/APEX.5.121601, ISSN:1882-0778, SCOPUS ID:84871261851, Web of Science ID:WOS:000312000800003
  • Crystalline Silicon/Graphene Oxide Hybrid Junction Solar Cells               
    Qiming Liu; Fumiya Wanatabe; Aya Hoshino; Ryo Ishikawa; Takuya Gotou; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 巻:51, 号:10, 2012年10月
    Soluble graphene oxide (GO) and plasma-reduced (pr-) GO were investigated using crystalline silicon (c-Si) (100)/GO/pr-GO hybrid junction solar cells. Their photovoltaic performances were compared with those of c-Si/GO/pristine conductive poly(ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) heterojunction and c-Si/PEDOT:PSS:GO composite devices. The c-Si/GO/pr-GO and conductive PEDOT:PSS/Al heterojunction solar cells showed power conversion efficiencies of 6.5 and 8.2%, respectively, under illumination with AM 1.5 G 100 mW/cm(2) simulated solar light. A higher performance of 10.7% was achieved using the PEDOT:PSS:GO (12.5 wt%) composite device. These findings imply that soluble GO, pr-GO, and the PEDOT:PSS:GO composite are promising materials as hole transport and transparent conductive layers for c-Si/organic hybrid junction solar cells. (C) 2012 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
    IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.51.10NE22
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.51.10NE22, ISSN:0021-4922, eISSN:1347-4065, SCOPUS ID:84869120444, Web of Science ID:WOS:000310707800114
  • Electrospray-Deposited Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrene sulfonate) for Poly(3-hexylthiophene):Phenyl-C-61-Butyric Acid Methyl Ester Photovoltaic Cells               
    Taiga Hiate; Tomohisa Ino; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 巻:51, 号:10, 2012年10月
    Electrospray-deposited poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) was investigated using several solvent solutions as a hole-transporting layer for spin-coated poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl):[6,6]-phenyl-C-61 butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) mixture organic thin-film solar cells (OSCs). Among them, the uniform deposition of PEDOT:PSS films was realized using 70% N, N-dimethylformamide solvent solution. The P3HT:PCBM solar cells with electrospray-deposited PEDOT:PSS as a hole transport layer showed a relatively high performance with an open-circuit voltage V-oc of 0.47 V, a short-circuit current J(sc) of 8.9 mA/cm(2), a fill factor FF of 0.48, and a power conversion efficiency of 2.0%, which were almost the same as those with a spin-coated PEDOT:PSS layer. These findings imply that the electrospray-deposited PEDOT:PSS is a possible material for use as a hole transport layer for conjugated polymer-based OSCs. (C) 2012 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
    IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.51.10NE30
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.51.10NE30, ISSN:0021-4922, eISSN:1347-4065, SCOPUS ID:84869115119, Web of Science ID:WOS:000310707800122
  • Real-time ellipsometric characterization of the initial growth stage of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) films by electrospray deposition using N,N-dimethylformamide solvent solution               
    Tomohisa Ino; Taiga Hiate; Takeshi Fukuda; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS, 巻:358, 号:17, 開始ページ:2520, 終了ページ:2524, 2012年09月
    The initial growth stage of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films by the electrospray deposition (ESD) method was investigated using 70% N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent solution through the real-time spectroscopic ellipsometric (SE) characterization. The uniaxial anisotropic optical property was prominent for the film growth on c-Si wafer, whereas the homogeneous growth occurred with random molecular orientation on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated glass. These findings probably originate from a preferential orientation of the polymer chains as obtained in the preparation process, sort of substrate, its morphology, and film thickness. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌)
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2012.01.055
    DOI ID:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2012.01.055, ISSN:0022-3093, eISSN:1873-4812, SCOPUS ID:84865702464, Web of Science ID:WOS:000310394700142
  • Electrospray Deposition of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Films for Crystalline Silicon/Organic Hybrid Junction Solar Cells               
    Tomohisa Ino; Masahiro Ono; Naoto Miyauchi; Qiming Liu; Zeguo Tang; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 巻:51, 号:6, 2012年06月
    The electrospray deposition (ESD) of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) films for use in crystalline silicon/organic hybrid heterojunction solar cells on a crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafer was investigated using real-time characterization by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). In contrast to the nonuniform deposition of products frequently obtained by spin-coating, a uniform deposition of P3HT films was achieved on flat and textured hydrophobic c-Si wafers by adjusting the deposition conditions. Similar findings were also obtained for the deposition of conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) on P3HT. The c-Si/P3HT/PEDOT:PSS heterojunction solar cells exhibited efficiencies of 4.1 and 6.3% on flat and textured c-Si wafers, respectively. These findings suggest that ESD is a promising method for the uniform deposition of P3HT and PEDOT: PSS films on flat and textured hydrophobic substrates. (c) 2012 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
    IOP PUBLISHING LTD
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.51.061602
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.51.061602, ISSN:0021-4922, eISSN:1347-4065, SCOPUS ID:84863329516, Web of Science ID:WOS:000305135200010
  • Highly efficient crystalline silicon/Zonyl fluorosurfactant-treated organic heterojunction solar cells               
    Qiming Liu; Masahiro Ono; Zeguo Tang; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 巻:100, 号:18, 2012年04月
    We demonstrate a highly efficient hybrid crystalline silicon (c-Si) based photovoltaic devices with hole-transporting transparent conductive poly-(3,4-ethlenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesufonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) films, incorporating a Zonyl fluorosurfactant as an additive, compared to non additive devices. The usage of a 0.1% Zonly treated PEDOT: PSS improved the adhesion of precursor solution on hydrophobic c-Si wafer without any oxidation process. The average power conversion efficiency eta value was 10.8%-11.3%, which was superior to those of non-treated devices. Consequently, c-Si/Zonyl-treated PEDOT: PSS heterojunction devices exhibited the highest eta of 11.34%. The Zonyl-treated soluble PEDOT: PSS composite is promising as a hole-transporting transparent conducting layer for c-Si/organic photovoltaic applications. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4709615]
    AMER INST PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4709615
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.4709615, ISSN:0003-6951, eISSN:1077-3118, SCOPUS ID:84862542199, Web of Science ID:WOS:000303598600067
  • Efficient Crystalline Si/Poly(ethylene dioxythiophene): Poly(styrene sulfonate): Graphene Oxide Composite Heterojunction Solar Cells               
    Masahiro Ono; Zeguo Tang; Ryo Ishikawa; Takuya Gotou; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS, 巻:5, 号:3, 2012年03月
    Efficient crystalline silicon (c-Si) heterojunction solar cells with conductive poly(ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) and graphene oxide (GO) composite are demonstrated using a structure of Ag/PEDOT:PSS/PEDOT:PSS:GO composite/c-Si (100)(rho: 3-5 Omega.cm)/Al. The power-conversion efficiency eta increased to 10.7% under illumination of AM1.5 100mW/cm(2) simulated solar light by adjusting the PEDOT:PSS and GO mixing concentration ratio. The GO addition to conductive PEDOT:PSS suppressed electron recombination and/or promoted the hole current at the anode. The soluble PEDOT:PSS:GO composite is promising as a hole-transporting transparent conducting layer for c-Si photovoltaic applications. (c) 2012 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
    IOP PUBLISHING LTD
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/APEX.5.032301
    DOI ID:10.1143/APEX.5.032301, ISSN:1882-0778, eISSN:1882-0786, SCOPUS ID:84858675339, Web of Science ID:WOS:000301344400014
  • Ionic liquid-mediated epitaxy of high-quality C-60 crystallites in a vacuum               
    Yoko Takeyama; Shingo Maruyama; Hiroki Taniguchi; Mitsuru Itoh; Keiji Ueno; Yuji Matsumoto
    CRYSTENGCOMM, 巻:14, 号:15, 開始ページ:4939, 終了ページ:4945, 2012年
    Ionic liquid-mediated vacuum deposition was demonstrated as a novel growth technique for high-quality C-60 crystallites. In this process the ionic liquid worked as a solvent, i.e. the gas phase C-60 precursors were continuously fed into the ionic liquid on a substrate in a vacuum chamber, from which the nucleation and the subsequent growth of C-60 crystallites proceeded. The impact of varying the substrate on the growth behaviour was intensively examined in terms of not only the lattice-mismatch between C-60 and the substrates, but also the wetting behavior of the ionic liquid on the substrates. This led to a significant improvement of the C-60 crystallinity and epitaxial growth was successfully found on certain substrates. In particular, molecularly smooth and thick C-60 hexagonal-shaped crystallites epitaxially grew on a MoS2 substrate, the average size of which reached as large as 10 mm.
    ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ce25163a
    DOI ID:10.1039/c2ce25163a, ISSN:1466-8033, SCOPUS ID:84863705273, Web of Science ID:WOS:000305999500009
  • Chemical mist deposition of graphene oxide and PEDOT:PSS films for crystalline Si/organic heterojunction solar cells               
    Ishwor Khatri; Takashi Imamura; Akira Uehara; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 9, NO 10-11, 巻:9, 号:10-11, 開始ページ:2134, 終了ページ:2137, 2012年
    The chemical mist deposition of graphene oxide (GO) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(stylene-sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) were investigated on the crystalline silicon (c-Si) substrate for the n-type c-Si/organic heterojunction solar cells. The uniform coating of GO flake with an average size of 1-5 mu m was obtained on the hydrophobic c-Si wafer using deionized water as a solvent. The GO layer thickness could be controlled from a monolayer to a few tens of nanometres by varying mist deposition time. The c-Si/GO/PEDOT:PSS heterojunction solar cells shows the efficiency improved from 8.75 to 9.27% with insertion of GO flakes a the PEDOT:PSS and c-Si interface owing to the enhanced suppression of electron recombination and/or promotion of hole current at the anode. Furthermore, the CMD was also applied to coat conductive PEDOT: PSS films on the textured c-Si. The. of 7.75% was obtained with a short-circuit current of 34.22 mA/cm(2), a open-circuit voltage of 0.46 V, and a fill factor of 0.48. These findings imply that CMD is a promising method for the uniform deposition of both nanomaterials (GO) and conjugated polymer for the c-Si/organic heterojunction solar cells. (C) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
    WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/pssc.201200132
    DOI ID:10.1002/pssc.201200132, ISSN:1862-6351, SCOPUS ID:84867947008, Web of Science ID:WOS:000314688000059
  • Efficient crystalline Si/organic hybrid heterojunction solar cells               
    Qiming Liu; Ishwor Khatri; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 9, NO 10-11, 巻:9, 号:10-11, 開始ページ:2101, 終了ページ:2106, 2012年
    Efficient crystalline silicon (c-Si) heterojunction solar cells with conductive poly(ethylene dioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS) and graphene oxide (GO) are demonstrated using device structures of c-Si/GO/PEDOT:PSS/Ag and cSi/PEDOT:PSS:GO composite/Al. The power-conversion efficiency eta increased from 8.76 to 9.27% under illumination of AM1.5 100 mW/cm(2) simulated solar light by adjusting the GO thickness for the nSi/GO/PEDOT:PSS heterojunction solar cells.. also increased to 10.6% for the n-Si/PEDOT:PSS:GO composite devices by adjusting the GO mixing concentration. The GO addition to conductive PEDOT:PSS suppressed electron recombination and/or promoted the hole current at the anode. The soluble PEDOT: PSS: GO composite is promising as a hole-transporting transparent conducting layer for c-Si/organic junction photovoltaic applications. The uniform coating of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-dily) (P3HT) and PEDOT:PSS on textured hydrophobic c-Si wafer was observed by the electrospray deposition. The textured related enhancement of the device performance is demonstrated. (C) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
    WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/pssc.201200131
    DOI ID:10.1002/pssc.201200131, ISSN:1862-6351, SCOPUS ID:84867952936, Web of Science ID:WOS:000314688000051
  • Poly(3-hexylthiophene) films by electrospray deposition for crystalline silicon/organic hybrid junction solar cells               
    Taiga Hiate; Naoto Miyauchi; Zeguo Tang; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 9, NO 10-11, 巻:9, 号:10-11, 開始ページ:2071, 終了ページ:2074, 2012年
    The electrospray deposition (ESD) of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) on P3HT for use in crystalline silicon/organic hybrid heterojunction solar cells on CZ crystalline silicon (c-Si) (100) wafer was investigated using real-time characterization by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). In contrast to the nonuniform deposition of products frequently obtained by conventional spin-coating, a uniform deposition of P3HT and PEDOT:PSS films were achieved on flat and textured hydrophobic c-Si(100) wafers by adjusting the deposition conditions. The c-Si/P3HT/PEDOT:PSS heterojunction solar cells exhibited efficiencies of 4.1 and 6.3% on flat and textured c-Si(100) wafers, respectively. These findings suggest that ESD is a promising method for the uniform deposition of P3HT and PEDOT: PSS films on flat and textured hydrophobic substrates. (C) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
    WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/pssc.201200129
    DOI ID:10.1002/pssc.201200129, ISSN:1862-6351, SCOPUS ID:84867942138, Web of Science ID:WOS:000314688000044
  • Optical properties and carrier transport in c-Si/conductive PEDOT:PSS(GO) composite heterojunctions               
    Zeguo Tang; Qiming Liu; Ishwor Khatri; Ryo Ishikawa; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 9, NO 10-11, 巻:9, 号:10-11, 開始ページ:2075, 終了ページ:2078, 2012年
    We investigated the crystalline silicon (c-Si)/conductive poly(ethylene dioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS): graphene oxide (GO) composite heterojunction devices with optical characterization and carrier transport measurement techniques. The optical transmittance in the UV region also decreased markedly for the films with GO content above 20 wt%, whereas it increased markedly in the visible-infrared regions. The solar cell devices consisting of spin-coated PEDOT: PSS(GO) composite on n-type c-Si(100) wafer exhibited a maximum efficiency of 10.3%, a short-circuit current J(sc) of 28.9 mA/cm(2), a open-circuit voltage V-oc of 0.548 V, and a fill factor FF of 0.675 at a GO content of 12.5 wt%. The ideality factor deduced from current density-voltage (J-V) plots in the dark increased with GO content from 1.12 for pristine PEDOT:PSS to 2.91. Temperature-dependent dark J-V measurements suggest that the carrier transport in the devices is controlled by diffusion and recombination in the space-charge region for the devices. The role of the GO addition into conductive PEDOT: PSS is demonstrated for the c-Si(100)/-PEDOT:PSS (GO) composite junction solar cells in terms of the optical and carrier transport properties. (C) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
    WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/pssc.201200130
    DOI ID:10.1002/pssc.201200130, ISSN:1862-6351, SCOPUS ID:84867935974, Web of Science ID:WOS:000314688000045
  • Solution Processed Graphene Transparent Conductive Film
    Keiji Ueno
    2012 19TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ACTIVE-MATRIX FLATPANEL DISPLAYS AND DEVICES (AM-FPD): TFT TECHNOLOGIES AND FPD MATERIALS, 開始ページ:49, 終了ページ:52, 2012年
    This article introduces the method to fabricate a transparent graphene conductive film from graphite powder by a solution process. Chemically oxidized graphite powder was dispersed in water, and it was exfoliated by repeated centrifugation and washing processes to obtain graphene oxide (GO). Successively, a GO film was prepared by coating a transparent substrate with the GO solution, and it was chemically and thermally deoxidized to produce a transparent graphene conductive film. To date, organic thin film photovoltaic cells with the graphene transparent electrodes have shown the power conversion efficiency as high as 1.2%. Novel application of GO to organic/inorganic heterojunction solar cells will be also presented.
    JAPAN SOCIETY APPLIED PHYSICS
    SCOPUS ID:84867908879, Web of Science ID:WOS:000326894500013
  • Surface Modification of Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxthiophene):Poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) Films by Atmospheric-Pressure Argon Plasma for Organic Thin-Film Solar Cells               
    Tomohisa Mo; Tatsuya Hayashi; Takeshi Fukuda; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY, 巻:11, 号:9, 開始ページ:8035, 終了ページ:8039, 2011年09月
    Highly-conductive poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) films obtained by the addition of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and the argon plasma exposure were used as a transparent conductive anode (TCA) for copper-phthalocyanine (CuPc)/C-60 organic thin-film solar cells (OSCs). The CuPc/C-60 OSCs on as-grown DMSO added PEDOT:PSS layer showed a power efficiency of 0.6%, whereas it was improved markedly to 1.34% after the atmospheric-pressure argon plasma exposure, which was comparable to that formed on indium-tin-oxide layer. Effects of the DMSO addition and the argon plasma exposure in the spin-coated PEDOT:PSS films is demonstrated in terms of the in-depth characterization of optical and electrical properties.
    AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2011.5065
    DOI ID:10.1166/jnn.2011.5065, ISSN:1533-4880, eISSN:1533-4899, SCOPUS ID:84856850669, Web of Science ID:WOS:000296209900070
  • Real-Time Ellipsometric Characterization of the Initial Growth Stage of Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene): Poly(styrene sulfonic acid) Films by Electrospray Deposition               
    Tomohisa Ino; Takashi Asano; Takeshi Fukuda; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY, 巻:11, 号:9, 開始ページ:8030, 終了ページ:8034, 2011年09月
    Kinetic spectroscopic ellipsometry have been used to study the initial growth stage of poly(3,4-polyethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonic acid)(PEDOT:PSS) films by the electrospray deposition (ESD) method. The real-time spectra analysis revealed that the surface overlayer decreased in thickness once the first bulk layer monolayer was formed, indicating a smoothening effect as the nucleation-related microstructure coalesced into the bulk layer. Once the coalescence was completed and the nucleation-induced surface roughness layer was stabilized, the underlying bulk layer increased linearly with time. These results originate from the degrees of the evaporation of solvent material during the transferring the precursors to the surface and/or of the diffusion of deposition precursors after sticking at the growing surface.
    AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2011.5064
    DOI ID:10.1166/jnn.2011.5064, ISSN:1533-4880, eISSN:1533-4899, SCOPUS ID:84856894365, Web of Science ID:WOS:000296209900069
  • Depth Profile Characterization of Spin-Coated Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrene sulfonic acid) Films for Thin-Film Solar Cells during Argon Plasma Etching by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry               
    Tomohisa Ino; Tatsuya Hayashi; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 巻:50, 号:8, 2011年08月
    Depth profiles of the optical constants, carrier mobility, and carrier density of spin-coated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) films were investigated by real-time characterization by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) during argon plasma etching at atmospheric pressure. Spectral analysis revealed that homogeneous etching occurred within 10-15 nm of the top surface, followed by the appearance of a conductive PEDOT phase and surface roughening, which originated from the depth profile of the PEDOT-to-PSS molar concentration ratio. The use of the plasma-etched PEDOT:PSS layer relatively improved the performance of the cupper phthalocyanine (CuPc)/C-60 organic thin-films solar cells as a hole-transport layer with higher optical transmittance by adjusting the plasma etching condition. (C) 2011 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
    IOP PUBLISHING LTD
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.50.08JG02
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.50.08JG02, ISSN:0021-4922, eISSN:1347-4065, SCOPUS ID:80051969829, Web of Science ID:WOS:000294339500045
  • Real-Time Ellipsometric Characterization of Initial Growth Stage of Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):Poly(styrene sulfonic acid) Films by Electrospray Deposition               
    Tomohisa Ino; Takashi Asano; Takeshi Fukuda; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 巻:50, 号:8, 2011年08月
    Kinetic spectroscopic ellipsometry has been used to study the initial growth stage of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) films by the electrospray deposition (ESD) method. The real-time spectra analysis revealed that the surface overlayer decreased in thickness, once the first bulk layer monolayer was formed, indicating a smoothening effect as the nucleation-related microstructure coalesced into the bulk layer. Once the coalescence was completed and the nucleation-induced surface roughness layer was stabilized, the underlying bulk layer increased linearly with time. These results originate from the degrees of the evaporation of solvent material during the transfer of the precursors to the surface and/or of the diffusion of deposition precursors after sticking at the growing surface. (C) 2011 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
    IOP PUBLISHING LTD
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.50.081603
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.50.081603, ISSN:0021-4922, eISSN:1347-4065, SCOPUS ID:80051974504, Web of Science ID:WOS:000294336600032
  • Atmospheric-pressure argon plasma etching of spin-coated 3,4-polyethylenedioxythiophene:polystyrenesulfonic acid (PEDOT:PSS) films for cupper phtalocyanine (CuPc)/C-60 heterojunction thin-film solar cells               
    Tomohisa Ino; Tatsuya Hayashi; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    THIN SOLID FILMS, 巻:519, 号:20, 開始ページ:6834, 終了ページ:6839, 2011年08月
    Depth profiles of the optical constants, carrier mobility, and carrier density of spin-coated 3,4-polyethylenedioxythiophene:polystyrenesulfonic acid (PEDOT:PSS) films were investigated by real-time characterization by the spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) during argon plasma etching at atmospheric pressure. Spectral analysis revealed that homogeneous etching occurred within 10-15 nm of the top surface, followed by the appearance of a conductive PEDOT phase and surface roughning, which originated from the depth profile of the PEDOT-to-PSS molar concentration ratio. The use of the plasma-etched PEDOT:PSS layer improved relatively the performance of the copper phtalocyanine (CuPc)/C-60 organic thin-films solar cells as a hole-transport layer with higher optical transmittance by adjusting the plasma etching condition. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2011.04.042
    DOI ID:10.1016/j.tsf.2011.04.042, ISSN:0040-6090, SCOPUS ID:80051547199, Web of Science ID:WOS:000294790900043
  • Bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cell fabricated by the electrospray deposition method using mixed organic solvent               
    Takeshi Fukuda; Kenji Takagi; Takashi Asano; Zentaro Honda; Norihiko Kamata; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai; Jungmyoung Ju; Yutaka Yamagata; Yusuke Tajima
    PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS, 巻:5, 号:7, 開始ページ:229, 終了ページ:231, 2011年07月
    A high-efficiency bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cell (OPV) was achieved by the electrospray deposition method. The surface roughness of the P3HT: PCBM thin film can be reduced using the mixed solvent consisting of o-dichlorobenzene (o-DCB) and acetone. The effect of acetone concentration is related to its dielectric constant. Under an optimized concentration of acetone in o-DCB (20 vol%), the P3HT/PCBM active layer with a smooth surface can be formed, and the power conversion efficiency of the OPV was 1.9%. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
    WILEY-BLACKWELL
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/pssr.201105232
    DOI ID:10.1002/pssr.201105232, ISSN:1862-6254, SCOPUS ID:79959962240, Web of Science ID:WOS:000293595100005
  • Efficient Organic Photovoltaic Cells Using Hole-Transporting MoO3 Buffer Layers Converted from Solution-Processed MoS2 Films               
    Shogo Kato; Ryo Ishikawa; Yosuke Kubo; Hajime Shirai; Keiji Ueno
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 巻:50, 号:7, 2011年07月
    We introduce a new method to fabricate a MoO3 hole-transporting layer for organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs). We fabricated a MoS2 film from its solution and converted it to MoO3. MoS2 has a lamellar crystal structure similar to graphite, and it can be exfoliated into monolayer MoS2 dispersible in water. Li atoms were first intercalated into van der Waals gaps of MoS2, and the compound was immersed in water to generate H-2 bubbles, which broke the van der Waals bond between adjacent MoS2 layers. The produced solution of MoS2 was spin-casted on an indium tin oxide substrate, and the film was oxidized by ozone. On the converted MoO3 hole-transporting layer, an organic photoconversion layer was fabricated by spin-casting a poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl-C-61 butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) composite solution. Fabricated OPVs revealed a power conversion efficiency as large as 3.14%, which was superior to that of P3HT/PCBM OPV with a poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hole-transporting layer. (C) 2011 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
    JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.50.071604
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.50.071604, ISSN:0021-4922, SCOPUS ID:79960694667, Web of Science ID:WOS:000292878200045
  • Fabrication of Transparent and Flexible Organic Field-Effect Transistors with Solution-Processed Graphene Source-Drain and Gate Electrodes               
    Koichi Suganuma; Shunichiro Watanabe; Takuya Gotou; Keiji Ueno
    APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS, 巻:4, 号:2, 2011年02月
    Transparent organic field-effect transistors with solution-processed graphene source-drain and gate electrodes were fabricated on flexible substrates. Graphene electrodes were formulated by chemical and thermal reduction of solution-processed graphene oxide films. A graphene gate electrode, a gate dielectric layer, and an organic active layer were coated on a transparent flexible polyimide film. Next, graphene source-drain electrodes, which had been formed on another glass substrate, were peeled off and transferred onto the active layer using a thermal release tape. The transparent and flexible poly(3-hexylthiophene) transistor with graphene electrodes showed p-type characteristics with hole mobility of 2.3 x 10(-2) cm(2).V(-1).s(-1). (C) 2011 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
    JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/APEX.4.021603
    DOI ID:10.1143/APEX.4.021603, ISSN:1882-0778, SCOPUS ID:79951588162, Web of Science ID:WOS:000287378800011
  • Depth profile characterization of spin-coated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) films by spectroscopic ellipsometry               
    Tomohisa Ino; Tatsuya Hayashi; Takeshi Fukuda; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 8, NO 10, 巻:8, 号:10, 開始ページ:3025, 終了ページ:3028, 2011年
    Depth profiles of the optical constants, carrier mobility, and carrier density of spin-coated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):(polystyrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT: PSS) films were investigated by real-time spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) characterization during argon plasma etching at atmospheric pressure. Spectra analysis revealed that homogeneous etching occurred within 10-20 nm of the top surface, followed by the appearance of conductive PEDOT phase with a surface roughening. These findings originated from the depth profile of the PEDOT-to-PSS molar concentration ratio. The use of a 10-20-nm etched PEDOT: PSS layer improved relatively the performance of a hole-transport layer for CuPc/C-60 organic thin-films solar cells with higher optical transmittance. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
    WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/pssc.201001218
    DOI ID:10.1002/pssc.201001218, ISSN:1862-6351, SCOPUS ID:80053599990, Web of Science ID:WOS:000301591500013
  • Origin of the ambipolar operation of a pentacene field-effect transistor fabricated on a poly(vinyl alcohol)-coated Ta2O5 gate dielectric with Au source/drain electrodes               
    Satoko Takebayashi; Shigeomi Abe; Koichiro Saiki; Keiji Ueno
    APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 巻:94, 号:8, 2009年02月
    Pentacene field-effect transistors (FETs) were fabricated on a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-coated Ta2O5 gate dielectric using Au source/drain electrodes. Their device characteristics were examined before and after annealing the FETs in a vacuum. Before annealing, the pentacene FET showed an ambipolar operation with hole mobility of 0.1 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) and electron mobility of 0.005 cm(2) V-1 s(-1). After annealing at 50 degrees C, however, the p-type operation characteristics almost diminished and an enhanced n-type operation was observed. Na+ ions in the PVA are supposed to change the character of the injection barrier at the Au/pentacene junction and enable the n-type operation.
    AMER INST PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3089692
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.3089692, ISSN:0003-6951, SCOPUS ID:61349094005, Web of Science ID:WOS:000263804400079
  • 27aYH-8 酸化グラフェン超薄膜の還元と電気伝導特性(27aYH グラフェン・グラファイト関連,領域7(分子性固体・有機導体))               
    小幡 誠司; 佐藤 裕樹; 白石 淳子; 服部 功三; 吉田 雅史; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:64.1.4, 開始ページ:812, 2009年
    一般社団法人 日本物理学会
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.64.1.4.0_812_3
    DOI ID:10.11316/jpsgaiyo.64.1.4.0_812_3, eISSN:2189-0803, CiNii Articles ID:110007372761
  • Step-bunched Bi-terminated Si(111) surfaces as a nanoscale orientation template for quasisingle crystalline epitaxial growth of thin film phase pentacene               
    Toshihiro Shimada; Manabu Ohtomo; Tadamasa Suzuki; Tetsuya Hasegawa; Keiji Ueno; Susumu Ikeda; Koichiro Saiki; Miho Sasaki; Katsuhiko Inaba
    APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 巻:93, 号:22, 開始ページ:223303, 2008年12月
    We developed a nanoscale orientation template for quasisingle crystalline epitaxial growth of thin film phase pentacene. By using alpha-3x3 Bi termination of surface dangling bonds on step-bunched vicinal surface of Si(111), thin film phase epitaxial pentacene was grown with the crystal axes aligned to the surface steps. Alignment occurred when the step height was higher than the molecular height. The mechanism of the alignment was examined by calculating the energy of the crystal edge.
    AMER INST PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3040309
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.3040309, ISSN:0003-6951, eISSN:1077-3118, CiNii Articles ID:80020068364, SCOPUS ID:57349166529, Web of Science ID:WOS:000261430600074
  • Nucleation on the substrate surfaces during liquid flux-mediated vacuum deposition of rubrene               
    Toshihiro Shimada; Yui Ishii; Keiji Ueno; Tetsuya Hasegawa
    JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH, 巻:311, 号:1, 開始ページ:163, 終了ページ:166, 2008年12月
    We studied the effect of the substrate materials on the solution-mediated vacuum deposition of organic semiconductor rubrene using liquid flux with a low vapor pressure. We found that bis-2-ethylhexyl phthalate was suitable as the liquid flux. It was revealed that the microscopic crystal shape completely changed when different substrates were used. This result clearly indicates the nucleation of the crystals occurs on the substrate surface submerged in the solution. Epitaxially oriented needle crystals as long as 5 mm were obtained by using Au(111) substrate. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.10.096
    DOI ID:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.10.096, ISSN:0022-0248, SCOPUS ID:57649215856, Web of Science ID:WOS:000262796500032
  • Nanotransfer of the Polythiophene Molecular Alignment onto the Step-Bunched Vicinal Si(111) Substrate               
    Ryo Onoki; Genki Yoshikawa; Yuki Tsuruma; Susumu Ikeda; Koichiro Saiki; Keiji Ueno
    LANGMUIR, 巻:24, 号:20, 開始ページ:11605, 終了ページ:11610, 2008年10月
    A poly(3-dodecylthiophene-2,5-diyl) film having in-plane anisotropic molecular arrangement was successfully fabricated by transferring its Langmuir-Blodgett film onto a step-bunched Si(111) substrate. Polarized near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure measurements revealed that the polythiophene main chains are preferentially orientated along periodic facet/terrace nanostructures on the step-bunched substrate, whereas less anisotropy was found on a flat substrate. The step-bunched Si substrate has been proved to be effective for controlling the in-plane molecular arrangement in the polymer thin film.
    AMER CHEMICAL SOC
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/la8016722
    DOI ID:10.1021/la8016722, ISSN:0743-7463, CiNii Articles ID:80019928706, PubMed ID:18778089, SCOPUS ID:55549094431, Web of Science ID:WOS:000260049300039
  • Molecular layer-by-layer growth of C-60 thin films by continuous-wave infrared laser deposition               
    Seiichiro Yaginuma; Kenji Itaka; Masamitsu Haemori; Masao Katayama; Keiji Ueno; Tsuyoshi Ohnishi; Mikk Lippmaa; Yuji Matsumoto; Hideomi Koinuma
    APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS, 巻:1, 号:1, 開始ページ:015005-1-015005-3, 2008年01月
    The observation of reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) oscillations has been proved to be a key to open the nano-world of materials, since it definitely verifies that the film growth proceeds in layer-by-layer mode with each layer thickness controllable by simply counting the number of oscillations. This enabled the fabrication of nano-engineered hetero-junctions and devices as commonly practiced for conventional semiconductors and metals. Here we report on the first observation of clear RHEED intensity oscillation in thin film fabrication of pi-conjugated molecular solid. The observation has been achieved by coupling a novel deposition method using a continuous-wave infrared laser for evaporation and a high sensitive RHEED detector, in addition to the combinatorial optimization of film deposition parameters that facilitated our preceding first success in the layer-by-layer growth of oxide thin films. Some details of system design and experimental conditions are presented to discuss the key factors for atomically controlled film growth of molecular solids. (C) 2008 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.
    JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/APEX.1.015005
    DOI ID:10.1143/APEX.1.015005, ISSN:1882-0778, SCOPUS ID:57049104631, Web of Science ID:WOS:000255452500034
  • Effect of organic buffer layer on performance of pentacene field-effect transistor fabricated on natural mica gate dielectric               
    Akira Matsumoto; Ryo Onoki; Susumu Ikeda; Koichiro Saiki; Keiji Ueno
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 2-LETTERS & EXPRESS LETTERS, 巻:46, 号:36-40, 開始ページ:L913, 終了ページ:L916, 2007年10月
    The mobility of pentacene-based organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) fabricated on natural mica substrates has been highly improved using poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or octadecyltrimethoxysillane (OTMS) as a buffer layer between the mica dielectric and the pentacene active layer. The field-effect mobility increased from 2.4 x 10(-3) to 0.14 or 0.31 cm(2)center dot V-1 center dot s(-1) by inserting the PMMA or OTMS buffer layer, respectively. The suppression of the unfavorable effect of potassium ions using the OTMS buffer layer confirmed the feasibility of using natural mica as a transparent gate dielectric of OFETs.
    INST PURE APPLIED PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.46.L913
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.46.L913, ISSN:0021-4922, CiNii Articles ID:120001370972, SCOPUS ID:36048995921, Web of Science ID:WOS:000250535600017
  • Orientation control of standing epitaxial pentacene monolayers using surface steps and inplane band dispersion analysis by angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy
    Tadamasa Suzuki; Toshihiro Shimada; Keiji Ueno; Susumu Ikeda; Koichiro Saiki; Tetsuya Hasegawa
    Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 巻:965, 開始ページ:380, 終了ページ:385, 2006年12月
    ABSTRACT

    We prepared quasi single crystalline pentacene monolayer films on Bi-terminated Si(111) by using bunched steps on vicinally-cut surfaces as an orientation template. Band dispersion in the conduction plane of pentacene was clearly observed by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy.
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1557/proc-0965-s06-19
    DOI ID:10.1557/proc-0965-s06-19, ISSN:0272-9172, eISSN:1946-4274, SCOPUS ID:40949147723
  • Structure of organic thin films grown on surface-modified tantalum oxide               
    Ryo Onoki; Shigeomi Abe; Keiji Ueno; Hiroo Nakahara; Koichiro Saiki
    CHEMISTRY LETTERS, 巻:35, 号:7, 開始ページ:746, 終了ページ:747, 2006年07月
    We fabricated an ordered monolayer film of a long-chain fatty acid or a perfluorofatty acid onto an anodized tantalum oxide (Ta2O5) amorphous surface by the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method, and grew a pentacene or C-60 thin film on it. Remarkable improvements of morphology and crystallinity of the organic thin films were observed on the CH3-terminated monolayer film of the fatty acid.
    CHEMICAL SOC JAPAN
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1246/cl.2006.746
    DOI ID:10.1246/cl.2006.746, ISSN:0366-7022, eISSN:1348-0715, SCOPUS ID:33749340028, Web of Science ID:WOS:000240439900026
  • In-situ measurement of molecular orientation of the pentacene ultrathin films grown on SiO2 substrates               
    Genki Yoshikawa; Tetsuhiko Miyadera; Ryo Onoki; Keiji Ueno; Ikuyo Nakai; Shiro Entani; Susumu Ikeda; Dong Guo; Manabu Kiguchi; Hiroshi Kondoh; Toshiaki Ohta; Koichiro Saiki
    SURFACE SCIENCE, 巻:600, 号:12, 開始ページ:2518, 終了ページ:2522, 2006年06月
    Molecular orientations of pentacene ultrathin films grown on SiO2 substrates were studied without the influence of the atmosphere by vacuum atomic force microscopy (V-AFM) and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS). The experimental processes from deposition of pentacene to characterization of films were performed under vacuum condition without exposure to the atmosphere. V-AFM and NEXAFS measurements showed that pentacene molecules tend to grow on SiO2 surface with their molecular long axes perpendicular to the substrate surfaces (standing-mode) irrespective of preparation procedure of SiO2 substrate. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2006.04.012
    DOI ID:10.1016/j.susc.2006.04.012, ISSN:0039-6028, CiNii Articles ID:120001370595, SCOPUS ID:33744992043, Web of Science ID:WOS:000238893800016
  • Anisotropic polymerization of a long-chain diacetylene derivative Langmuir-Blodgett film on a step-bunched SiO2/Si surface               
    R Onoki; K Ueno; H Nakahara; G Yoshikawa; S Ikeda; S Entani; T Miyadera; Nakai, I; H Kondoh; T Ohta; M Kiguchi; K Saiki
    LANGMUIR, 巻:22, 号:13, 開始ページ:5742, 終了ページ:5747, 2006年06月
    Alternating facet/terrace nanostructures were fabricated on a SiO2 surface by step-bunching and thermal oxidation of a vicinal Si(111) substrate, and their influence upon the polymerization direction of a long-chain diacetylene derivative monolayer film was investigated by angle-dependent polarized near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. It was found that the peak intensity of the C 1s-d* transition was stronger when the electric vector plane of the incident X-ray was parallel to the direction of the periodic facet/terrace structures rather than perpendicular to them. On the contrary, a polymer film fabricated on a flat SiO2 surface showed no in-plane anisotropy of the peak intensity. These results indicate that the diacetylene groups in the diacetylene derivative monolayer are preferentially photopolymerized in the direction not across but along the periodic one-dimensional structures on the step-bunched and thermally oxidized SiO2/Si(111) surface.
    AMER CHEMICAL SOC
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/la060482d
    DOI ID:10.1021/la060482d, ISSN:0743-7463, SCOPUS ID:33745746059, Web of Science ID:WOS:000238217000039
  • Fabrication of an organic field-effect transistor on a mica gate dielectric               
    Akira Matsumoto; Ryo Onoki; Keiji Ueno; Susumu Ikeda; Koichiro Saiki
    CHEMISTRY LETTERS, 巻:35, 号:4, 開始ページ:354, 終了ページ:355, 2006年04月
    We fabricated pentacene-based organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) using single-crystalline natural mica substrates as the gate dielectric. Substrate temperatures during the deposition of pentacene films were varied from room temperature (RT) to 90 degrees C. Epitaxial growth of the pentacene film on the mica surface was observed even at RT. The FET working characteristics on the mica gate dielectric have been observed for the first time.
    CHEMICAL SOC JAPAN
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1246/cl.2006.354
    DOI ID:10.1246/cl.2006.354, ISSN:0366-7022, eISSN:1348-0715, SCOPUS ID:33745840149, Web of Science ID:WOS:000237721500005
  • Anodization of electrolytically polished Ta surfaces for enhancement of carrier injection into organic field-effect transistors               
    K Ueno; S Abe; R Onoki; K Saiki
    JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 巻:98, 号:11, 開始ページ:114503-1-114503-5, 2005年12月
    Electrolytically polished surfaces of Ta sheets were anodized in an aqueous KI solution to form Ta2O5 films with a relatively high dielectric constant and a high breakdown electric field. Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) were fabricated on these Ta2O5/Ta substrates with a bottom gate configuration. The Ta2O5 films anodized at 100 V were about 200 nm thick, and the dielectric strength was as high as 5 MV/cm. A p-type pentacene OFET fabricated on this bottom gate showed the good field-effect mobility of 0.35 cm(2)/V s. By using this high-k gate substrate, it becomes possible to inject a higher amount of charge carriers into organic active layers than on the SiO2/Si gate conventionally used in most OFETs.
    AMER INST PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2138807
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.2138807, ISSN:0021-8979, eISSN:1089-7550, SCOPUS ID:29144535658, Web of Science ID:WOS:000234119600088
  • Bulk-like pentacene epitaxial films on hydrogen-terminated Si(111)               
    T Shimada; H Nogawa; T Hasegawa; R Okada; H Ichikawa; K Ueno; K Saiki
    APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 巻:87, 号:6, 開始ページ:061917, 2005年08月
    The epitaxial growth of pentacene on hydrogen-terminated Si(111) is reported. Reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) revealed that the crystal packing resembles that in the bulk crystal even at a monolayer thickness, which was maintained in multilayers. A ripening effect was clearly observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). These results are important to obtain oriented crystalline films of pentacene combined with silicon microdevices with reduced defect densities. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics.
    AMER INST PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2008371
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.2008371, ISSN:0003-6951, eISSN:1077-3118, SCOPUS ID:23944444818, Web of Science ID:WOS:000231016900031
  • 26pXC-7 重合方向を制御した長鎖ジアセチレン誘導体LB膜のNEXAFS解析(表面・界面構造(シリコン表面),領域9(表面・界面, 結晶成長))               
    小野木 亮; 上野 啓司; 中原 弘雄; 吉川 元起; 池田 進; 木口 学; 中井 郁代; 近藤 寛; 太田 俊明; 斉木 幸一朗
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:60.1.4, 開始ページ:870, 2005年
    一般社団法人 日本物理学会
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.60.1.4.0_870_3
    DOI ID:10.11316/jpsgaiyo.60.1.4.0_870_3, eISSN:2189-0803, CiNii Articles ID:110004537383
  • Morphological change of C60 monolayer epitaxial films under photoexcitation               
    Y. Yamamoto; H. Ichikawa; K. Ueno; A. Koma; K. Saiki; T. Shimada
    Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, 巻:70, 号:15, 開始ページ:1, 終了ページ:155415, 2004年10月, []
    Thin films of C60 were grown under laser irradiation at various intensities 0-200 mW/mm2 and their growth shapes were investigated by ex situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) observation. The nucleation density of the first layer decreases with increasing laser intensity, probably due to the temperature rise of the migrating clusters. In addition to this gradual laser intensity dependence, an anomalous enhancement of the nucleation density was observed on irradiation at 50 mW/mm2, which was attributed to the influence of photopolymerization. As for the second layer, there Was a threshold laser intensity (200 mW/mm2) at which the nucleation density increased and the shape of the domains became irregular. This is due to the combined effect of hindered migration caused by the polymerized first layer and photopolymerization of the migrating molecules themselves. Energy transfer from the excited substrate to the migrating C60 molecules is strongly suggested.
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.70.155415
    DOI ID:10.1103/PhysRevB.70.155415, ISSN:0163-1829, SCOPUS ID:37649031320
  • Methyl-terminated Si(111) surface as the ultra thin protection layer to fabricate position-controlled alkyl SAMs by using atomic force microscope anodic oxidation               
    R Okada; T Miyadera; T Shimada; A Koma; K Ueno; K Saiki
    SURFACE SCIENCE, 巻:552, 号:1-3, 開始ページ:46, 終了ページ:52, 2004年03月
    Methyl-terminated Si(111) (Me-Si(111)) and bilayer-GaSe terminated Si (BGS) surfaces were investigated to explore their usefulness as the protection layer in the fabrication process of nanometer-scale self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). BGS was not stable in the reagent involved in the alkyl SAM formation, whereas Me-Si(111) was suitable for the protection layer. Anodization using atomic force microscope (AFM) and following HF and hexadecene treatments were performed to form nano-scale alkyl SAM lines on the Me-Si(111) surface. It was found from AFM observation and frictional force measurement that only the patterned areas were selectively covered with hexadecyl SAMs. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2004.01.026
    DOI ID:10.1016/j.susc.2004.01.026, ISSN:0039-6028, eISSN:1879-2758, CiNii Articles ID:80016549565, SCOPUS ID:1342264254, Web of Science ID:WOS:000220123000009
  • Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy study of LiBr/Si(001) heterostructure               
    M Katayama; K Ueno; A Koma; M Kiguchi; K Saiki
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 2-LETTERS, 巻:43, 号:2A, 開始ページ:L203, 終了ページ:L205, 2004年02月
    LiBr/Si(001) heterostructure has been investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM and STS). In the initial stage of LiBr growth, rectangular islands are observed consisting of accumulation of about 0.2 nm-thick unit layers. The STM results indicate that LiBr grows on Si(001) in a single layer fashion. The STS measurement shows a wide band gap region in I-V curve and the energy gap of the LiBr film shows no thickness dependence down to a nominal thickness of 1.2 monolayer (ML).
    INST PURE APPLIED PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.43L203
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.43L203, ISSN:0021-4922, CiNii Articles ID:150000012948, SCOPUS ID:1942475767, Web of Science ID:WOS:000220092900027
  • Accumulation and depletion layer thicknesses in organic field effect transistors               
    M Kiguchi; M Nakayama; K Fujiwara; K Ueno; T Shimada; K Saiki
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 2-LETTERS, 巻:42, 号:12A, 開始ページ:L1408, 終了ページ:L1410, 2003年12月
    We present a simple but powerful method to determine the thicknesses of the accumulation and depletion layers and the distribution curve of injected carriers in organic field effect transistors. The conductivity of organic semiconductors in thin film transistors was measured in situ and continuously with a bottom contact configuration, as a function of film thickness at various gate voltages. Using this method, the thicknesses of the accumulation and depletion layers of pentacene were determined to be 0.9 nm (V-G = - 15 V) and 5 nm (V-G = 15 V), respectively.
    INST PURE APPLIED PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.42.L1408
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.42.L1408, ISSN:0021-4922, CiNii Articles ID:150000012372, SCOPUS ID:0742286297, Web of Science ID:WOS:000187509800002
  • Visible light photoemission and negative electron affinity of single-crystalline CsCl thin films               
    G Yoshikawa; M Kiguchi; K Ueno; A Koma; K Saiki
    SURFACE SCIENCE, 巻:544, 号:2-3, 開始ページ:220, 終了ページ:226, 2003年10月
    CsCl has been known to show extraordinary photoemission by visible (VIS) light only after ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. To elucidate this phenomenon, photo yield and photoemission spectrum of a single-crystalline CsCl thin film were measured in ultrahigh vacuum. Photo yield measurements confirmed that photoelectrons were emitted from F-centers induced in the CsCl thin film by preceding UV irradiation. Absence of the similar phenomenon in the NaCl film indicated that VIS photoemission in alkali halides was caused not only by defect formation but also by negative electron affinity. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2003.08.016
    DOI ID:10.1016/j.susc.2003.08.016, ISSN:0039-6028, CiNii Articles ID:80016315513, SCOPUS ID:0141959022, Web of Science ID:WOS:000186017900015
  • Nano-scale anodic oxidation on a Si(111) surface terminated by bilayer-GaSe               
    K Ueno; R Okada; K Saiki; A Koma
    SURFACE SCIENCE, 巻:514, 号:1-3, 開始ページ:27, 終了ページ:32, 2002年08月
    Nano-scale oxide patterns were fabricated on a bilayer-GaSe terminated Si(1 1 1) surface using an atomic force microscope (AFM) in air. The Si(1 1 1) surface regularly terminated by bilayer-GaSe is very stable in air, although it can be oxidized through the electrochemical reaction when positive sample bias voltage is applied between the surface and a conductive cantilever tip of AFM. It has been revealed that higher sample bias voltage, slower tip velocity and/or higher ambient humidity produce wider and/or thicker oxide protrusions. Then, nano-scale oxide patterns as narrow as 50 nm have been successfully drawn on the terminated surface by adjusting these experimental conditions. These oxide lines can be etched away by dipping the sample into aqueous HF solution, and nano-scale grooves can be fabricated on the bilayer-GaSe terminated Si(1 1 1) surface. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-6028(02)01603-5
    DOI ID:10.1016/S0039-6028(02)01603-5, ISSN:0039-6028, eISSN:1879-2758, SCOPUS ID:0037055541, Web of Science ID:WOS:000177832500005
  • Fabrication of GaAs Quantum Dots on a Bilayer-GaSe Terminated Si(111) Substrate               
    Keiji Ueno; Keiji Ueno; Koichiro Saiki; Atsushi Koma
    Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Part 2: Letters, 巻:40, 号:3B, 開始ページ:1888, 終了ページ:1891, 2001年12月
    We have developed a novel method to fabricate self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) of compound semiconductors on a Si(111) substrate using the so-called 'droplet epitaxy' technique. In order to fabricate QDs on a Si substrate by droplet epitaxy, we examined the termination of a Si (111) surface with a bilayer-GaSe. This surface is formed by depositing 1 monolayer Ga on a Si(111)-7×7 surface and annealing in a Se flux at 520°C. Then Ga atoms are deposited to form Ga droplets on this surface, and the sample is annealed in an As flux to transform Ga droplets into GaAs QDs. It is revealed that GaAs QDs with a diameter as small as 10nm and a height of 5nm can be formed on the bilayer-GaSe/Si(111) substrate at a maximum density of 8.4 × 1010 cm-2. Using this method a new technique will be available to fabricate QDs of many kinds of compound semiconductors on the Si(111) substrate. © 2001 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.
    社団法人応用物理学会
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.40.1888
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.40.1888, ISSN:0021-4922, CiNii Articles ID:150000038119, CiNii Books ID:AA10457675, SCOPUS ID:0035267624
  • Electron-energy-loss spectroscopy of C-60 monolayer films on active and inactive surfaces               
    K Iizumi; K Ueno; K Saiki; A Koma
    APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE, 巻:169, 開始ページ:142, 終了ページ:146, 2001年01月, []
    The characteristics of interaction between C-60 molecules and Si(111)-7 x 7, Ag/Si(111)-root3 x root3 R30 degrees and layered material MoS2 surfaces have been investigated using electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), The EEL spectrum of C-60/Si(111)-7 x 7 shows a new peak at loss energy of 2.7 eV. This indicates the existence of charge transfer from the substrate to C-60 molecules. The EEL spectrum of a C-60 monolayer film grown on a cleaved surface of MoS2 is almost the same as that of bulk C-60 The EEL spectrum of a C-60 monolayer film on an Ag/Si(111) surface is quite different from that on a clean Si(111)-7 x 7 surface, although the films on those substrates have the same epitaxial arrangement. Furthermore, intensities of energy-loss peaks of C-60/Ag/Si(111) are slightly smaller than those of C-60/MoS2 in spite of having the same loss-energy. This suggests that the interaction between C-60 molecules and the Ag/Si(111) surface is stronger than that between C-60 molecules and the MoS2 surface. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(00)00740-6
    DOI ID:10.1016/S0169-4332(00)00740-6, ISSN:0169-4332, Web of Science ID:WOS:000167087700028
  • Fabrication of compound-semiconductor quantum dots on a Si(111) substrate terminated by bilayer-GaSe               
    K Ueno; K Saiki; A Koma
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE 25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS, PTS I AND II, 巻:87, 開始ページ:385, 終了ページ:386, 2001年, []
    We have developed a novel method to fabricate self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) of compound semiconductors on a Si(111) substrate, whose surface is terminated by bilayer-GaSe. This surface is formed by depositing 1 monolayer Ga on a clean Si(111)-7 x 7 surface and successive annealing in a Se flux at 520 degreesC. Then the surface was irradiated with a Ga flux to form Ga droplets and annealed in an As flux at 250 degreesC. It has been revealed that GaAs nano-crystals with the average size of 30 nm diameter and 10 nm height are formed on the substrate with density of 1.2 X 10(10)cm(-2). This method will open a new way to fabricate QDs of many kinds of compound semiconductors.
    SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
    ISSN:0930-8989, Web of Science ID:WOS:000171592800177
  • Low-energy electron energy loss spectroscopy of monolayer and thick La@C-82 films grown on MOS2 substrates               
    K Ueno; Y Uchino; K Iizumi; A Koma; K Saiki; Y Inada; K Nagai; Y Iwasa; T Mitani
    NANONETWORK MATERIALS: FULLERENES, NANOTUBES AND RELATED SYSTEMS, 巻:590, 開始ページ:485, 終了ページ:488, 2001年, []
    Monolayer and multilayer La@C-82 films were epitaxially grown on MoS2 substrates, and their growth features together with electronic states were investigated using atomic force microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. It was found that the interaction between a La@C-82 molecule and a MoS2 surface is stronger than that between La@C-82 Molecules. The electronic state of the initial La@C-82 layer on the MoS2 surface differs from that of the successively grown bulk-like layers due to excess electrons in the carbon cage of La@C-82.
    AMER INST PHYSICS
    ISSN:0094-243X, Web of Science ID:WOS:000176150700115
  • Electron-energy-loss spectroscopy of KxC60 and K-halides: comparison in the K-3p excitation region               
    K Ueno; Y Uchino; K Iizumi; K Saiki; A Koma
    APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE, 巻:169, 開始ページ:184, 終了ページ:187, 2001年01月
    We have investigated the electronic structure of KxC60 (x = 0-6) using low-energy electron energy loss spectroscopy (LEELS), especially focusing on the K-3p core-electron excitation spectra. It is found that the structure of the K-3p-excitation spectrum of KxC60 quite differs from that of KCI. Furthermore, the K-3p-excitation LEELS of K3C60 has been revealed to be different from that of K6C60. K-3p electrons are excited into K-4s- and K-3d-derived empty states in both KxC60 and KCI, but in the case of KxC60 the K-3d-derived empty states have a rather complicated structure where several levels are not well separated. Consequently, K-3p-excitation LEEL spectra of KxC60 show wide-spread plateau-like structures. The difference in the K-3p- excitation spectra of K3C60 and K6C60 is considered to originate from the different crystal field around K+ cations in the C-60 molecular crystal. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(00)00729-7
    DOI ID:10.1016/S0169-4332(00)00729-7, ISSN:0169-4332, CiNii Articles ID:120001370985, SCOPUS ID:18844471293, Web of Science ID:WOS:000167087700037
  • Investigation of the growth mechanism of an InSe epitaxial layer on a MoS2 substrate               
    T Hayashi; K Ueno; K Saiki; A Koma
    JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH, 巻:219, 号:1-2, 開始ページ:115, 終了ページ:122, 2000年10月
    Sub-monolayer films of layered semiconductor InSe were grown on MoS2 substrates by molecular beam epitaxy, and the change in their growth features with Se/In flux ratio was investigated using scanning tunneling microscope in vacuum. It was found that InSe domains grown at 340 degrees C have a hexagonal shape when the Se/In ratio is about 17. Detailed images of the hexagonal InSe domains have revealed that adjacent sides of the hexagon have different structures; one is a straight edge and the other is a disordered edge. When the Se/In ratio was decreased, the disordered edges became predominant, the straight edges disappeared, and the InSe domain became triangular. On the contrary, when the Se/In ratio was increased, InSe domains became triangular ones consisting of only straight edges. The growth mechanism of InSe domains is discussed by considering the crystal structure of InSe and the reactivity of each side with incoming atoms. It is suggested that the balance of incorporation rate of In and Se atoms determines the structure of InSe domains. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0248(00)00627-8
    DOI ID:10.1016/S0022-0248(00)00627-8, ISSN:0022-0248, SCOPUS ID:0037743369, Web of Science ID:WOS:000089675700015
  • Highly sensitive reflection high-energy electron diffraction measurement by use of micro-channel imaging plate               
    K Saiki; T Kono; K Ueno; A Koma
    REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS, 巻:71, 号:9, 開始ページ:3478, 終了ページ:3479, 2000年09月
    Micro-channel plate (MCP) was used to intensify the image on the fluorescent screen in reflection high-energy electron diffraction. The primary electron current could be reduced by four orders of magnitude to get the image of the same intensity as in the measurement without MCP. The reduction of electron beam enabled observation of ionic crystal surfaces without causing electrolysis and charging effect. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0034- 6748(00)02309-1].
    AMER INST PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1287625
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.1287625, ISSN:0034-6748, CiNii Articles ID:120001370930, SCOPUS ID:0141916970, Web of Science ID:WOS:000089036700036
  • 25aS-4 La@C_<82>薄膜の電子エネルギー損失スペクトル               
    内野 康訓; 上野 啓司; 飯泉 謙一; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤; 稲田 康平; 永井 清恵; 岩佐 義宏; 三谷 忠興
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:55.1.4, 開始ページ:740, 2000年
    一般社団法人 日本物理学会
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.55.1.4.0_740_2
    DOI ID:10.11316/jpsgaiyo.55.1.4.0_740_2, eISSN:2189-0803, CiNii Articles ID:110001916237
  • 24pPSA-28 Bilaye-GaSe上に形成したGa量子ドットの電子分光               
    中原 伴徳; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:55.2.4, 開始ページ:778, 2000年
    一般社団法人 日本物理学会
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.55.2.4.0_778_2
    DOI ID:10.11316/jpsgaiyo.55.2.4.0_778_2, eISSN:2189-0803, CiNii Articles ID:110002150713
  • Growth and characterization of Ga2Se3/GaAs(100) epitaxial thin films               
    K Ueno; M Kawayama; ZR Dai; A Koma; FS Ohuchi
    JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH, 巻:207, 号:1-2, 開始ページ:69, 終了ページ:76, 1999年11月, []
    Single crystalline Ga2Se3 thin films were grown on GaAs(1 0 0) by molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) under Se-rich atmosphere. Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) analysis suggests that the Ga2Se3 thin film is epitaxially grown on GaAs(1 0 0) with their [1 0 0] crystallographic directions aligned with each other. The electronic structure determined by the ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) revealed the forbidden band gap of 2.7 eV. Transmission electron microscopy has shown that vacancies are distributed on one set of {1 1 1} crystal planes of alpha-Ga2Se3 structure by forming a root 3 x root 3 configuration, resulting in the three times larger modulation periodicity along one of the [1 1 0] crystal directions into vacancy ordered beta-Ga2Se3 structure. The crystal structure was consistent to a model proposed by Lubbers and Leute (J. Solid State Chem. 43 (1982) 339). There are two sets of planar defects, microtwin with {1 1 1} type twin planes and stacking faults. High population of planer defects observed in the thin film was regarded as a result of Ga vacancy ordering in the crystal structure of Ga2Se3. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    ISSN:0022-0248, eISSN:1873-5002, Web of Science ID:WOS:000083594900011
  • A Novel Method to Fabricate a Molecular Quantum Structure: Selective Growth of C60 on Layered Material Heterostructures               
    Keiji Ueno; Kentaro Sasaki; Koichiro Saiki; Atsushi Koma
    Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Part 1: Regular Papers and Short Notes and Review Papers, 巻:38, 号:1 B, 開始ページ:511, 終了ページ:514, 1999年
    We propose a new method to fabricate nano-scale devices consisting of C60. C60 molecules have a spherical shape with a diameter of 0.7 nm. It may be possible to consider each molecule as a quantum dot to fabricate a single-electron-tunneling device which will work at room temperature. In order to control the position of a C60 molecule on a device substrate, we have developed a "selective growth" technique on layered material heterostructure substrates, which utilizes the difference in the nucleation process of C60, molecules on various kinds of layered materials. To clarify the selective growth mechanism, the density of C60 islands grown on different layered material substrates was measured using atomic force microscopy. It has been suggested that differences in the adsorption and diffusion energies of a C60 molecule on layered materials influence the selective growth.
    Japan Society of Applied Physics
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.38.511
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.38.511, ISSN:0021-4922, CiNii Articles ID:110003955735, SCOPUS ID:0032621059
  • Van der Weals type buffer layers: epitaxial growth of the large lattice mismatch system CdS/InSe/H-Si(111)               
    T Loher; K Ueno; A Koma
    APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE, 巻:130, 開始ページ:334, 終了ページ:339, 1998年06月, []
    The lattice mismatch at the heterostructure CdS/Si(111) is close to 8%. To relieve the structural stress at this interface, an InSe van der Waals-type buffer layer was grown between the Si substrate and the CdS film. After the Si(111) substrate surface was passivated by hydrogen, the InSe-buffer layer was grown on top by molecular beam epitaxy with high crystalline quality. The lattice orientations of the InSe film are in registry with the Si substrate, as shown by reflection high energy electron diffraction. As seen in the atomic force microscope, the InSe films have roughly the same terrace width of 50-70 nm as the Si substrate due to the wafer miscut. By contrast the step edges of the InSe film are more regular than those of the silicon. The CdS-film was grown on the InSe. The crystal axis of the film is in full registry with the InSe substrate as monitored by reflection high energy electron diffraction. The film morphology is determined as simultaneous growth of multilayers observed by atomic force microscope. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    ISSN:0169-4332, Web of Science ID:WOS:000074407600059
  • Fabrication of C(60) nanostructures by selective growth on GaSe/MoS(2) and InSe/MoS(2) heterostructure substrates               
    K Ueno; K Sasaki; T Nakahara; A Koma
    APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE, 巻:130, 開始ページ:670, 終了ページ:675, 1998年06月
    C(60) molecules were deposited on a submonolayer InSe film which was grown on a MoS(2) substrate. In the previous experiment on the growth of a C(60) thin film on a GaSe/MoS(2) heterostructure, C(60) grew only on exposed MoS(2) regions and never nucleated on GaSe domains at substrate temperature above 180 degrees C. In the present case, however, C(60) molecules grow only on InSe domains and do not nucleate on the exposed MoS(2) when the substrate temperature is higher than 80 degrees C. Using this method, C(60) domains whose dimension is smaller than 100 nm could be fabricated on each InSe domain. The selectivity of the C(60) growth is supposed to originate not from the surface morphology of those heterostructures, but from the difference in adsorption energy and surface diffusion energy of C(60) molecules on the surfaces of three different layered materials and a C(60) film. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(98)00136-6
    DOI ID:10.1016/S0169-4332(98)00136-6, ISSN:0169-4332, CiNii Articles ID:120001370933, SCOPUS ID:17444440854, Web of Science ID:WOS:000074407600116
  • Nanostructure fabrication using selective growth on nanosize patterns drawn by a scanning probe microscope               
    K Sasaki; K Ueno; A Koma
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS SHORT NOTES & REVIEW PAPERS, 巻:36, 号:6B, 開始ページ:4061, 終了ページ:4064, 1997年06月
    A novel method of fabricating organic material nanostructures using selective growth on patterned layered material surfaces has been developed. First, an epitaxial monolayer film of layered semiconductor GaSe was gown on a cleaved face of MoS2. Then, nanosize patterns were drawn by scratching only the grown GaSe film using an atomic force microscope (AFM). Next, C-60 molecules were deposited on the surface. It has been found that if a substrate temperature is appropriately chosen, C-60 molecules nucleate only on the bare MoS2 surface and fill up the carved nanostructures. This combination of AFM lithography and selective growth enables the formation of C-60 nanostructures as small as 10 nm.
    JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.36.4061
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.36.4061, ISSN:0021-4922, CiNii Articles ID:110003947120, SCOPUS ID:0004786354, Web of Science ID:WOS:000073628300065
  • Investigation of the growth mechanism of layered semiconductor GaSe               
    K Ueno; N Takeda; K Sasaki; A Koma
    APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE, 巻:113, 開始ページ:38, 終了ページ:42, 1997年04月
    Heteroepitaxial films of lamellar semiconductor GaSe were grown on MoS2 cleaved surfaces by molecular beam epitaxy and its growth mechanism was investigated by atomic force microscope. At the initial stage of the growth, triangular islands of GaSe with a unit layer thickness are formed, There exist two types of domains, which have opposite orientations of the triangles, It is suggested that the difference in the orientation corresponds to the difference in stacking positions of Se-Ga-Ga-Se four hexagonal atomic sheets in the unit layer. It is also revealed that stacking polytypes of GaSe can he determined by observing the orientation of triangular islands in each unit layer in a multilayer film. Most of GaSe films have the epsilon- and/or gamma-type slacking. But some domains really have the beta-type one which rarely appear in a hulk single-crystal of GaSe.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(96)00837-9
    DOI ID:10.1016/S0169-4332(96)00837-9, ISSN:0169-4332, SCOPUS ID:0031547190, Web of Science ID:WOS:A1997WW85000008
  • Nanostructure fabrication by selective growth of molecular crystals on layered material substrates               
    K Ueno; K Sasaki; N Takeda; K Saiki; A Koma
    APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 巻:70, 号:9, 開始ページ:1104, 終了ページ:1106, 1997年03月
    Nanostructures consisting of C-60 molecules were fabricated on a GaSe/MoS2 heterostructure. A submonolayer film of a lamellar compound semiconductor GaSe was grown on a MoS2 substrate to form nanoscale holes or grooves surrounded by monolayer steps. Atomic force microscope (AFM) observation indicates that C-60 molecules grow only in the bare MoS2 nanoregions at a substrate temperature of 180 degrees C. C-60 molecules fill up those holes and grooves, and nanoscale C-60 domains with polygonal shapes can be formed. This selective growth method can be combined with nanoscale patterning made by a scanning-tunneling microscope or AFM to produce nanostructures of molecular crystals with designed shapes. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    AMER INST PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.118498
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.118498, ISSN:0003-6951, CiNii Articles ID:120001370929, SCOPUS ID:0343095886, Web of Science ID:WOS:A1997WL14700015
  • Preparation of GaS thin films by molecular beam epitaxy               
    H Yamada; K Ueno; A Koma
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 2-LETTERS, 巻:35, 号:5A, 開始ページ:L568, 終了ページ:L570, 1996年05月
    Layered semiconductor GaS thin films have been grown by molecular beam epitaxy on hydrogen-terminated Si(111) and GaSe(0001) substrates. Elemental sulfur is so volatile that we used a valved cell as a sulfur source. Two similar to 100 monolayer of GaS films were obtained which have sharp reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) patterns. The GaS thin film grown on GaSe(0001) was a single-domain one, whereas that on hydrogen-terminated Si(111) was a multidomain one. Both films have been proved to be stoichiometric and to have the same electronic structure as that of the bulk GaS.
    JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.35.L568
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.35.L568, ISSN:0021-4922, SCOPUS ID:0030142630, Web of Science ID:WOS:A1996UM42300012
  • SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE OBSERVATION OF THE METAL-ADSORBED LAYERED SEMICONDUCTOR SURFACES               
    H ABE; K KATAOKA; K UENO; A KOMA
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS SHORT NOTES & REVIEW PAPERS, 巻:34, 号:6B, 開始ページ:3342, 終了ページ:3345, 1995年06月
    Two metal elements, Sn and Na, have been deposited onto layered semiconductor MoS2(0001) surfaces and observed with a scanning tunneling microscope. The metal-adsorbed area shows a very large dark spot (3-5nm diameter) when the sample bias is positive, and the atomic image of the MoS2 substrate can be clearly seen inside the dark area. The same area, on the other hand, shows a bright horseshoe-shaped spot when the sample bias is negative.
    JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.34.3342
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.34.3342, ISSN:0021-4922, SCOPUS ID:0029327415, Web of Science ID:WOS:A1995RH68400007
  • VAN-DER-WAALS EPITAXY ON HYDROGEN-TERMINATED SI(111) SURFACES AND INVESTIGATION OF ITS GROWTH-MECHANISM BY ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE               
    K UENO; M SAKURAI; A KOMA
    JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH, 巻:150, 号:1-4, 開始ページ:1180, 終了ページ:1185, 1995年05月, []
    NH4F treatment of a Si(lll) substrate gives a very flat and chemically inactive surface because of the regular termination of each active dangling bond by a hydrogen atom. On this inactive surface. layered semiconductor GaSe and molecular crystal C-60 grow through weak Van der Waals interaction. As a result their epitaxial films can be grown with their own lattice structures in spite of the large difference in their lattice constants from the substrate. Atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis of the GaSe thin film revealed many triangular spiral structures. indicating screw dislocation growth mechanism. In contrast, AFM observation of the C-60 film showed that it grows in the island growth mode, and each island has a two-dimensional dendritic shape.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    ISSN:0022-0248, Web of Science ID:WOS:A1995RD43300095
  • Substrate effects on the nucleation and growth of GaSe layers by van der Waals epitaxy               
    LE Rumaner; JL Gray; FS Ohuchi; K Ueno; A Koma
    STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF MULTILAYERED THIN FILMS, 巻:382, 開始ページ:101, 終了ページ:106, 1995年, []
    MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC
    ISSN:0272-9172, Web of Science ID:WOS:A1995BE43P00016
  • HETEROEPITAXIAL GROWTH OF LAYERED GASE FILMS ON GAAS(001) SURFACES               
    H ABE; K UENO; K SAIKI; A KOMA
    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 2-LETTERS & EXPRESS LETTERS, 巻:32, 号:10A, 開始ページ:L1444, 終了ページ:L1447, 1993年10月, []
    Epitaxial films of layered GaSe with (0001) surfaces have been grown on GaAs(001) substrates in spite of the large difference in their crystal symmetry. In situ observation of reflection high-energy electron diffraction has revealed that a number of facets grow on the surface of GaAs(001) under Se irradiation. The existence of those facets is essential to the single-domain growth of a layered GaSe film on a GaAs(001) surface.
    JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS
    ISSN:0021-4922, Web of Science ID:WOS:A1993MC04400023
  • Heteroepitaxial growth of layered semiconductor gase on a hydrogen-terminated si(111) surface
    Kuang-Yu Liu; Keiji Ueno; Yasunori Fujikawa; Koichiro Saiki; Atsushi Koma
    Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 巻:32, 号:3 B, 開始ページ:L434, 終了ページ:L437, 1993年
    Layered III-VI semiconductor GaSe has been heteroepitaxially grown on HF-treated Si(111) surfaces. The HF- treated Si surface is chemically inactive because of the hydrogen termination of active dangling bonds. GaSe can be grown on such a surface through weak van der Waals interaction, which relaxes the lattice matching requirement. With careful control of the substrate temperature, thermal desorption of surface hydrogen atoms was prevented so that a single-domain film of GaSe could be grown with good crystallinity. Auger electron spectra and high-resolution electron energy loss spectra revealed high quality of the grown GaSe film. © 1993 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.32.L434
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.32.L434, ISSN:1347-4065, SCOPUS ID:0345497522
  • Hétéroépitaxial growth of layered gase films on gaas(Ool) surfaces
    Hideki Abe; Keiji Ueno; Koichiro Saiki; Atsushi Koma
    Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 巻:32, 号:10 A, 開始ページ:1444, 終了ページ:1447, 1993年
    Epitaxial films of layered GaSe with (OOOl) surfaces have been grown on GaAs(OOl) substrates in spite of the large difference in their crystal symmetry. In situ observation of reflection high-energy electron diffraction has revealed that a number of facets grow on the surface of GaAs(OOl) under Se irradiation. The existence of those facets is essential to the single-domain growth of a layered GaSe film on a GaAs(OOl) surface. © 1993 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.32.L1444
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.32.L1444, ISSN:1347-4065, SCOPUS ID:0027677089
  • Heteroepitaxy of layered III-VI semiconductor GaSe on hydrogen-terminated Si(111) surfaces               
    Keiji Ueno; Liu Kuang-Yu; Yasunori Fujikawa; Koichiro Saiki; Atsushi Koma
    Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials, 開始ページ:680, 終了ページ:682, 1992年12月
    Layered III-VI semiconductor GaSe films have been grown heteroepitaxially on HF-treated Si(111) surfaces. Active dangling bonds on the Si(111) surface are regularly terminated by hydrogen atoms. The GaSe film grows through weak van der Waals interaction with the substrate, relaxing the lattice-matching condition drastically. Single crystalline GaSe films can be grown from the initial stage in spite of the large difference in their crystal structures. High resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy reveals a good quality of the grown GaSe films.
    SCOPUS ID:0026957774
  • HETEROEPITAXY OF LAYERED COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTOR GASE ONTO GAAS-SURFACES FOR VERY EFFECTIVE PASSIVATION OF NANOMETER STRUCTURES               
    K UENO; H ABE; K SAIKI; A KOMA; H OIGAWA; Y NANNICHI
    SURFACE SCIENCE, 巻:267, 号:1-3, 開始ページ:43, 終了ページ:46, 1992年04月
    Growth of layered III-VI compound semiconductor GaSe on a GaAs(111)B substrate has been investigated for the purpose of an effective passivation of the GaAs surface. Although GaSe and GaAs have completely different lattice structures, it has been found that a good GaSe film having its own lattice constant grows epitaxially. The growth proceeds by weak Van der Waals forces between each layer of GaSe so that the lattice matching condition is drastically relaxed. The photoluminescence intensity of the GaAs(111)B surface covered by the GaSe film is larger than that of an as-etched surface, even after the sample has been left in air for a month. The decay of the photoluminescence intensity of the GaSe-covered surface has been found to be slower than that of the sulfur-passivated surface, indicating its excellent ability for the passivation. This seems to result from the stability of covering GaSe film in addition to the proper termination of dangling bonds by selenium atoms at the GaSe/GaAs interface.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(92)91084-O
    DOI ID:10.1016/0039-6028(92)91084-O, ISSN:0039-6028, SCOPUS ID:0026850793, Web of Science ID:WOS:A1992HM90100013
  • GROWTH OF MOSE2 THIN-FILMS WITH VANDERWAALS EPITAXY               
    FS OHUCHI; T SHIMADA; BA PARKINSON; K UENO; A KOMA
    JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH, 巻:111, 号:1-4, 開始ページ:1033, 終了ページ:1037, 1991年05月, []
    The concept of Van der Waals epitaxy that has been recently introduced removes severe lattice matching requirement by using materials which only have strong bonding in two dimensions. We demonstrate that an epilayer of MoSe2 deposited on various substrates can produce films of high crystalline quality despite of large mismatch. RHEED oscillation, observed in-situ for growing MoSe2 epilayers, shows a layer-by-layer growth with evidence for for bilayer type growth, from which the 2H(b) polytype is determined. STM provides real space images of the morphology of the epilayer, and shows novel structures resulting from the large lattice mismatch where the epilayer atoms are commensurated.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(91)91127-V
    DOI ID:10.1016/0022-0248(91)91127-V, ISSN:0022-0248, Web of Science ID:WOS:A1991FT19000191
  • HETEROEPITAXIAL GROWTH BY VANDERWAALS INTERACTION IN ONE-DIMENSIONAL, 2-DIMENSIONAL AND 3-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS               
    A KOMA; K UENO; K SAIKI
    JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH, 巻:111, 号:1-4, 開始ページ:1029, 終了ページ:1032, 1991年05月
    The lattice matching condition usually encountered in heteroepitaxial growth has been found to be relaxed greatly when the interface between constituent materials has Van der Waals nature and forms no direct chemical bonds. Layered transition metal dichalcogenides are the typical materials having that nature, and a variety of heterostructures can be grown by using them. This kind of approach has been proved to be applied also to heteroepitaxial growth between such quasi-one-dimensional materials as telurium and selenium, that onto dangling-bond terminated three-dimensional material substrates, and that of organic materials forming Van der Waals type crystals.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(91)91126-U
    DOI ID:10.1016/0022-0248(91)91126-U, ISSN:0022-0248, SCOPUS ID:0026413337, Web of Science ID:WOS:A1991FT19000190
  • Heteroepitaxy of layered semiconductor gase on a gaas(III)b surface
    Keiji Ueno; Hideki Abe; Koichiro Saiki; Atsushi Koma
    Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 巻:30, 号:8, 開始ページ:L1352, 終了ページ:L1354, 1991年
    Growth of a III-VI compound semiconductor GaSe on a GaAs(lll)B substrate has been tried by the molecular beam epitaxy technique. Although GaSe and GaAs have completely different lattice structures, it has been found that a good GaSe him having its own lattice constant grows with its c-axis normal to the GaAs substrate surface. The growth proceeds via van der Waals-like weak forces between each layer of GaSe, relaxing the lattice-matching condition drastically. The heteroepitaxial growth of GaSe will be applied to effective surface passivation of GaAs. © 1991 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.30.L1352
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.30.L1352, ISSN:1347-4065, SCOPUS ID:0026203505
  • EPITAXIAL-GROWTH OF TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES ON CLEAVED FACES OF MICA               
    K UENO; K SAIKI; T SHIMADA; A KOMA
    JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS, 巻:8, 号:1, 開始ページ:68, 終了ページ:72, 1990年01月
    We have grown ultrathin films of layered transition metal dichalcogenides (MoSe2, NbSe2) heteroepitaxially on cleaved faces of mica (muscovite). This is the first success in the heteroepitaxial growth between highly heterogeneous layered materials having different crystal structures and lattice constants that differ by as much as 58%. The lattice matching condition is greatly loosened in those cases because the growth proceeds with weak van der Waals forces between the substrate and the grown layer. This opens a new way to fabricate a heterostructure composed of many kinds of layered materials having various physical and chemical properties. © 1990, American Vacuum Society. All rights reserved.
    AMER INST PHYSICS
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1116/1.576983
    DOI ID:10.1116/1.576983, ISSN:0734-2101, CiNii Articles ID:120001370926, SCOPUS ID:84967850146, Web of Science ID:WOS:A1990CL59400010
  • Heteroepitaxial growth of layered transition metal dichalcogenides on sulfur-terminated GaAs{111} surfaces               
    Keiji Ueno; Toshihiro Shimada; Koichiro Saiki; Atsushi Koma
    Applied Physics Letters, 巻:56, 号:4, 開始ページ:327, 終了ページ:329, 1990年
    Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (MoSe2, NbSe 2) have been heteroepitaxially grown on (NH4)2 Sx (x≅2) treated GaAs(111)Ga, GaAs(∼(111))As surfaces in spite of the large difference in their crystal structures. The in situ observation of reflection high-energy electron diffraction has shown that the grown film has its own lattice constant even from the first layer. The lattice matching condition, which is severely restricting in the usual heteroepitaxial growth case, is greatly relaxed in the present system because only weak van der Waals forces exist between the grown film and the substrate. This results from the fact that sulfur atoms regularly terminate dangling bonds on the GaAs surface after the (NH4)2Sx treatment.
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.102817
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.102817, ISSN:0003-6951, CiNii Articles ID:120001370925, SCOPUS ID:0000367334
  • APPLICATION OF VANDERWAALS EPITAXY TO HIGHLY HETEROGENEOUS SYSTEMS               
    K SAIKI; K UENO; T SHIMADA; A KOMA
    JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH, 巻:95, 号:1-4, 開始ページ:603, 終了ページ:606, 1989年02月
    Van der Waals epitaxy was applied to the fabrication of a highly heterogeneous system such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TX2) on mica. TX2 were grown epitaxially on the mica with a preferential orientation of TX2[1120] {norm of matrix} mica[100] on TX2(0001) {norm of matrix} mica(001). Uniform overgrowth was observed from a thickness as thin as 1 nm. © 1989.
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(89)90475-2
    DOI ID:10.1016/0022-0248(89)90475-2, ISSN:0022-0248, SCOPUS ID:0024605783, Web of Science ID:WOS:A1989T639300138
  • Characteristic secondary electron emission from graphite and glassy carbon surfaces
    Keiji Ueno; Takao Kumihashi; Atsushi Saiki; Atsushi Koma
    Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 巻:27, 号:5A, 開始ページ:L759, 終了ページ:L761, 1988年
    Secondary electron emissions (SEE) from graphite and glassy carbon surfaces have been measured. The spectra give several characteristic peaks whose energies are independent of incident electron energies from 20 to 2500 eV. It has been proved that the SEE spectra show good agreement with core electron excitation energy loss spectra and with the calculated density of state (DOS) of the conduction band. Thus, the SEE spectra directly reflect the conduction band DOS above vacuum level, and the difference between the spectra of graphite and glassy carbon comes from the difference in their conduction band structures. © 1988 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.27.L759
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.27.L759, ISSN:1347-4065, SCOPUS ID:0024011602
  • Low-energy electron energy loss spectroscopy on YBa2Cu3O7-y
    Atsushi Ando; Koichiro Saiki; Keiji Ueno; Atsushi Koma
    Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 巻:27, 号:3A, 開始ページ:L304, 終了ページ:L307, 1988年
    Electronic structures of the high-Tcsuperconductor YBa2Cu3O7-yhave been investigated by low-energy electron energy loss spectroscopy. Loss peaks due to interband transitions, plasmon excitation and core electron excitations have been observed. It has been found from the observed spectra that a high-density-of-state portion of the first conduction band is located at 2−4.7 eV above the Fermi level and that of the higher conduction band is located at around 10 eV above the first conduction band. © 1988 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.27.L304
    DOI ID:10.1143/JJAP.27.L304, ISSN:1347-4065, SCOPUS ID:0023983227
■ MISC
  • カルコゲナイド系強磁性層状物質Cr1/3TaS2の伝導特性               
    山崎 雄司; 荒井 美穂; 守谷 頼; 増渕 覚; 卞 舜生; 為ヶ井 強; 上野 啓司; 町田 友樹
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:72.1, 開始ページ:1803, 終了ページ:1803, 2017年
    遷移金属ダイカルコゲナイドは、層間に異なる元素をインターカレートすることにより強磁性や超伝導などの様々な物性を発現する。我々は劈開可能な層状物質強磁性体の候補として、2H-TaS_2_にCrをインターカレートしたCr_1/3_TaS_2_に着目し、その電気伝導及び磁化特性を調べた。さらにこの物質を劈開した試料における伝導特性についても報告する。
    一般社団法人 日本物理学会, 日本語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.72.1.0_1803
    DOI ID:10.11316/jpsgaiyo.72.1.0_1803, eISSN:2189-0803, CiNii Articles ID:130006709619
  • Depth Profile Characterization of Spin-Coated Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): Poly(styrene sulfonic acid) Films for Thin-Film Solar Cells during Argon Plasma Etching by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (Retraction of Vol 50, art no 08JG02, 2011)               
    Tomohisa Ino; Tatsuya Hayashi; Keiji Ueno; Hajime Shirai
    巻:55, 号:8, 2016年08月
    英語, その他
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.7567/JJAP.55.089201
    DOI ID:10.7567/JJAP.55.089201, ISSN:0021-4922, eISSN:1347-4065, Web of Science ID:WOS:000403923600001
  • Graphene oxide/Crystalline Si solar cells (有機エレクトロニクス)               
    小野 正浩; 猪野 智久; 石川 良; 後藤 拓也; 上野 啓司; 白井 肇
    電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 : 信学技報, 巻:111, 号:369, 開始ページ:29, 終了ページ:33, 2011年12月21日
    可溶性グラフェン(GO)は、有機系太陽電池の正孔輸送層、光電変換材料、透明電極材料のキーマテリアルとして期待される。本研究では、GOと導電性PEDOT:PSSのヘテロ接合または混合層を利用したAg/(PEDOT:PSS:GO)/c-Si(100)構造太陽電池を試作した。特にc-Si/PEDOT:PSS:GO混合層からなる素子では、混合比を最適化することで変換効率:6.5%を得た。以上の結果は、PEDOT:PSS:GOが結晶Si系太陽電池の基盤材料として有望であることを示唆する。
    一般社団法人電子情報通信学会, 英語
    ISSN:0913-5685, CiNii Articles ID:110009466889, CiNii Books ID:AN10013334
  • グラフェン塗布電極を用いた有機FETの作製と評価 (有機エレクトロニクス)               
    菅沼 洸一; 斉木 幸一朗; 後藤 拓也; 上野 啓司
    電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 : 信学技報, 巻:111, 号:369, 開始ページ:35, 終了ページ:39, 2011年12月21日
    酸化剥離法により合成された酸化グラフェン溶液を用い,溶液塗布プロセスによる有機FET素子の電極形成を行った。作製したグラフェン電極は有機FETのボトムコンタクト型電極としてだけでなく,トップコンタクト型電極としても利用可能であり,グラフェン電極FETはAu蒸着電極FETと同等以上の移動度を示した。
    一般社団法人電子情報通信学会, 日本語
    ISSN:0913-5685, CiNii Articles ID:110009466890, CiNii Books ID:AN10013334
  • 21aTA-6 化学的薄片剥離を用いたグラフェン薄膜形成手法の比較検討(21aTA 領域9,領域7合同 グラフェン・グラファイトの形成と評価II,領域9(表面・界面,結晶成長))               
    吉田 雅史; 斉木 幸一朗; 上野 啓司
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:63, 号:2, 開始ページ:807, 終了ページ:807, 2008年08月25日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110006985487, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 低次元構造半導体を用いた新奇薄膜電界効果トランジスタ形成に関する研究               
    上野啓司; 小野木亮; 阿部重臣; 松本晃; 川端ちひろ; 平岡和; 保戸塚梢; 白石淳子; 高橋新; 武林聡子; 坪倉陽
    科学研究費補助金(基盤研究(C)) 研究成果報告書, 巻:平成17-18年度, 開始ページ:1, 終了ページ:45, 2007年
  • 直鎖π共役電子系の電気伝導度測定に関する研究               
    上野啓司
    総合研究機構研究プロジェクト研究成果報告書, 巻:第5号(18年度), 開始ページ:553, 終了ページ:554, 2007年
  • 低次元構造半導体を用いた新奇薄膜電界効果トランジスタ形成に関する研究               
    上野啓司; 小野木亮; 阿部重臣; 松本晃; 川端ちひろ; 平岡和; 保戸塚梢; 白石淳子; 高橋新; 武林聡子; 坪倉陽
    巻:平成17-18年度, 開始ページ:1, 終了ページ:45, 2007年
  • 直鎖π共役電子系の電気伝導度測定に関する研究               
    上野啓司
    巻:第5号(18年度), 開始ページ:553, 終了ページ:554, 2007年
  • 層状化合物を用いた高移動度フレキシブル電界効果トランジスタの開発に関する研究               
    上野啓司
    総合研究機構研究プロジェクト研究成果報告書, 巻:第4号(17年度), 2006年
  • 溶液系の有機デバイス作製技術検討               
    上野啓司; 小野木亮; 高橋新; 森朋彦
    埼玉大学地域共同研究センター紀要, 巻:7, 号:7, 開始ページ:49, 終了ページ:52, 2006年
    A thin film of 2, 5, 11, 14-tetradodecylhexabenzocoronene (HBC4D) was fabricated by the horizontal lifting transfer of its Langmuir film onto a hydrophobic substrate surface, and characterized by UV-vis optical absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy. A field effect transistor (FET) of HBC4D was also fabricated by the wet process, and its performances were compared with HBC4D-FET fabricated by the vacuum deposition. Highly-ordered growth of the HBC4D thin film was achieved by the wet process, but its FET performances were worse than those of the vacuum-deposited FET.
    埼玉大学総合研究機構地域共同研究センター産学連携推進部門, 日本語
    ISSN:1347-4758, CiNii Articles ID:120001371309, CiNii Books ID:AA11808968
  • 層状化合物を用いた高移動度フレキシブル電界効果トランジスタの開発に関する研究               
    上野啓司
    巻:第4号(17年度), 2006年
  • 溶液系の有機デバイス作製技術検討               
    上野 啓司; 小野木 亮; 高橋 新; 森 朋彦
    埼玉大学地域共同研究センター紀要, 巻:7, 号:7, 開始ページ:49, 終了ページ:52, 2006年
    A thin film of 2, 5, 11, 14-tetradodecylhexabenzocoronene (HBC4D) was fabricated by the horizontal lifting transfer of its Langmuir film onto a hydrophobic substrate surface, and characterized by UV-vis optical absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy. A field effect transistor (FET) of HBC4D was also fabricated by the wet process, and its performances were compared with HBC4D-FET fabricated by the vacuum deposition. Highly-ordered growth of the HBC4D thin film was achieved by the wet process, but its FET performances were worse than those of the vacuum-deposited FET.
    埼玉大学総合研究機構地域共同研究センター産学連携推進部門, 日本語
    ISSN:1347-4758, CiNii Articles ID:120001371309, CiNii Books ID:AA11808968
  • 27aWB-5 SiO_2上に成長したペンタセン薄膜の成長初期過程における分子配向(表面・界面構造, ダイナミクス,領域9(表面・界面, 結晶成長))               
    吉川 元起; 宮寺 智彦; 上野 啓司; 小野 木亮; 中井 郁代; 圓谷 志郎; 池田 進; 木口 学; 近藤 寛; 太田 俊明; 斉木 幸一朗
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:60, 号:1, 開始ページ:875, 終了ページ:875, 2005年03月04日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110004537400, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 26pYK-6 有機FETのtime of flight移動度測定(FET,領域7(分子性固体・有機導体))               
    山本 義朗; 島田 敏宏; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:60, 号:1, 開始ページ:803, 終了ページ:803, 2005年03月04日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110004537122, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 高誘電率ゲート酸化膜を用いた電界効果トランジスタによる有機薄膜の物性変調               
    上野啓司
    総合研究機構研究プロジェクト研究成果報告書, 巻:16年度, 2005年
  • 高誘電率ゲート酸化膜を用いた電界効果トランジスタによる有機薄膜の物性変調               
    上野啓司
    巻:16年度, 2005年
  • Morphological change of C-60 monolayer epitaxial films under photoexcitation               
    Y Yamamoto; H Ichikawa; K Ueno; A Koma; K Saiki; T Shimada
    巻:70, 号:15, 開始ページ:155415-1-155415-6, 2004年10月
    Thin films of C-60 were grown under laser irradiation at various intensities 0-200 mW/mm(2) and their growth shapes were investigated by ex situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) observation. The nucleation density of the first layer decreases with increasing laser intensity, probably due to the temperature rise of the migrating clusters. In addition to this gradual laser intensity dependence, an anomalous enhancement of the nucleation density was observed on irradiation at 50 mW/mm(2), which was attributed to the influence of photopolymerization. As for the second layer, there was a threshold laser intensity (200 mW/mm(2)) at which the nucleation density increased and the shape of the domains became irregular. This is due to the combined effect of hindered migration caused by the polymerized first layer and photopolymerization of the migrating molecules themselves. Energy transfer from the excited substrate to the migrating C-60 molecules is strongly suggested.
    英語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.70.155415
    DOI ID:10.1103/PhysRevB.70.155415, ISSN:2469-9950, eISSN:2469-9969, Web of Science ID:WOS:000224855900091
  • 13pWH-8 高誘電率ゲート酸化膜を用いた有機 FET の動作特性(FET, 領域 7)               
    上野 啓司; 小野木 亮; 阿部 重臣; 斉木 幸一朗
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:59, 号:2, 開始ページ:761, 終了ページ:761, 2004年08月25日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002049847, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 13pWH-8 高誘電率ゲート酸化膜を用いた有機 FET の動作特性(FET, 領域 8)               
    上野 啓司; 小野木 亮; 阿部 重臣; 斉木 幸一朗
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:59, 号:2, 開始ページ:506, 終了ページ:506, 2004年08月25日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002054167, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 20pYC-14 アルカリハライド/金属ヘテロ構造の STM 観察               
    片山 正士; 井上 宏昭; 木口 学; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:58, 号:2, 開始ページ:789, 終了ページ:789, 2003年08月15日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002064118, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 22pXG-1 異方的成長条件下で成長したペンタセン薄膜を用いた有機 FET               
    上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:58, 号:2, 開始ページ:752, 終了ページ:752, 2003年08月15日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002063824, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 22pXG-2 ペンタセン薄膜における電界効果移動度の膜厚依存性               
    木口 学; 中山 学; 藤原 宏平; 上野 啓司; 島田 敏宏; 斉木 幸一朗
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:58, 号:2, 開始ページ:752, 終了ページ:752, 2003年08月15日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002063826, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 31aWD-13 LiBr 超薄膜の STM 観察               
    片山 正士; 上野 啓司; 木口 学; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:58, 号:1, 開始ページ:880, 終了ページ:880, 2003年03月06日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002223859, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 表面不活性化シリコン基板上における異方的有機薄膜成長               
    上野啓司; 斉木幸一朗小間篤
    応用物理, 巻:72, 号:3, 開始ページ:322, 終了ページ:326, 2003年
  • 表面不活性化シリコン基板上における異方的有機薄膜成長               
    応用物理, 巻:28, 号:3, 開始ページ:46, 終了ページ:55, 2003年
  • 表面不活性化シリコン基板上における異方的有機薄膜成長               
    上野啓司; 斉木幸一朗小間篤
    巻:72, 号:3, 開始ページ:322, 終了ページ:326, 2003年
  • 表面不活性化シリコン基板上における異方的有機薄膜成長               
    巻:28, 号:3, 開始ページ:46, 終了ページ:55, 2003年
  • 9aSM-7 STMによるLiBr/Si(001)ヘテロ構造の観察(表面界面構造・電子物性,領域9)               
    片山 正士; 上野 啓司; 木口 学; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:57, 号:2, 開始ページ:779, 終了ページ:779, 2002年08月13日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110009719873, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 9aSM-6 紫外光照射によるアルカリハライド薄膜可視光応答の発現機構(表面界面構造・電子物性,領域9)               
    吉川 元起; 木口 学; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:57, 号:2, 開始ページ:779, 終了ページ:779, 2002年08月13日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110009719872, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • Highly stable passivation of a Si(111) surface using bilayer-GaSe               
    K Ueno; H Shirota; T Kawamura; T Shimada; K Saiki; A Koma
    巻:190, 号:1-4, 開始ページ:485, 終了ページ:490, 2002年05月
    As a stable and 'epitaxial' passivation of a Si surface, we propose the bilayer-GaSe termination of a Si(1 1 1) surface. This surface is fabricated by depositing one monolayer of Ga on a clean Si(1 1 1) surface and subsequent annealing in a Se flux at around 520 degreesC, which results in unreconstructed 1 x 1 termination of the Si(1 1 1) surface by bilayer-GaSe. We found by scanning tunneling microscopy observation that slow cooling of the clean Si(1 1 1) surface from 850 to 520 degreesC with simultaneous deposition of a Ga flux results in better termination of the Si(1 1 1) surface. It was also found that this surface is stable against heating around 400 degreesC in O-2 atmosphere of 3 x 10(-3) Pa. By utilizing these properties of the bilayer-GaSe terminated surface, we have succeeded in fabricating ZnO quantum dots on this substrate. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
    英語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(01)00923-0
    DOI ID:10.1016/S0169-4332(01)00923-0, ISSN:0169-4332, CiNii Articles ID:120001370987, Web of Science ID:WOS:000176520700090
  • Epitaxial growth of a vacancy-ordered Ga2Se3 thin film on a vicinal Si(001) substrate               
    K Ueno; S Tokuchi; K Saiki; A Koma
    巻:237, 号:2, 開始ページ:1610, 終了ページ:1614, 2002年04月
    We have fabricated a vacancy-ordered Ga2Se3 epitaxial film by molecular beam epitaxy on a vicinal Si(0 0 1) surface tilted toward the [1 1 0] direction by 4degrees. It was found by reflection high-energy electron diffraction observations that Ga2Se3 films grown around 470degreesC with Se/Ga flux ratios higher than 100 show excellent ordering of Ga vacancies, The vacancy ordering was not observed when the substrate temperature was higher than 490degreesC. In addition, polycrystalline film growth was dominant when the substrate temperature was lower than 450degreesC, and no vacancy ordering was observed when the Se/Ga ratio was 10. Only a poor crystallinity Ga2Se3 film was obtained on a nominal Si(0 0 1) substrate, which suggests that the single-domain 2 x I reconstruction on the vicinal Si(0 0 1) surface is essential to the growth of the vacancy-ordered Ga2Se3 film. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
    英語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0248(01)02353-3
    DOI ID:10.1016/S0022-0248(01)02353-3, ISSN:0022-0248, Web of Science ID:WOS:000176512900139
  • Epitaxial growth and electronic structure of a C-60 derivative prepared by using a solution spray technique               
    T Shimada; H Nakatani; K Ueno; A Koma; Y Kuninobu; M Sawamura; E Nakamura
    巻:90, 号:1, 開始ページ:209, 終了ページ:212, 2001年07月
    We demonstrate and analyze the epitaxial film formation of a molecular material that cannot be evaporated in vacuum due to thermal decomposition. A solution of the material is sprayed onto single crystalline van der Waals surfaces using a pulse valve under controlled vapor pressure of the solvent. Monolayer epitaxial films are obtained and we propose that the growth is mediated by liquid ultrathin films formed on the surface. Molecular arrangement and electronic structure of C-60(CH3)(5)H films are studied by reflection high energy electron diffraction and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The present technique will be useful to study the electronic structure of recently synthesized molecular materials. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    英語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1379052
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.1379052, ISSN:0021-8979, CiNii Articles ID:120001370931, Web of Science ID:WOS:000169361100030
  • 29pPSA-31 Bilayer-GaSe終端Si(111)表面のSTM観察               
    城田 はまな; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:56, 号:1, 開始ページ:820, 終了ページ:820, 2001年03月09日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002164817, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 表面不活性基板を利用した有機・無機ナノ構造の形成(<小特集>ナノ結晶)               
    上野啓司; 小間篤
    日本結晶成長学会誌, 巻:28, 号:3, 開始ページ:164, 終了ページ:173, 2001年
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.19009/jjacg.28.3_164
    DOI ID:10.19009/jjacg.28.3_164
  • 表面不活性基板を利用した有機・無機ナノ構造の形成               
    上野 啓司; 小間 篤
    日本結晶成長学会誌, 巻:28, 号:3, 開始ページ:164, 終了ページ:173, 2001年
    rights: 日本結晶成長学会rights: 本文データは学協会の許諾に基づきCiNiiから複製したものであるrelation: IsVersionOf: http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110002715468/New-type nanostructures of organic molecules and inorganic semiconductors have been successfully fabricated on 'inactive' substrate surfaces such as layered material surfaces and dangling-bond terminated semiconductor surfaces. In this article we introduce two examples of our methods. One is the fabrication of C_<60> molecular nanostructures on a GaSe/MoS2 heterostructure substrate by the selective growth method. The other is the fabrication of self-organized compound semiconductor quantum dots on a bilayer-GaSe terminated Si(111) substrate. The use of the inactive substrate surfaces opens a new way to fabricate position-controlled nanostructures, which have been difficult to form by conventional self-organization methods.
    日本結晶成長学会, 日本語
    DOI ID:10.19009/jjacg.28.3_164, ISSN:0385-6275, CiNii Articles ID:110002715468, CiNii Books ID:AN00188386
  • 層状物質基板               
    上野 啓司; 小間 篤
    表面科学, 巻:21, 号:11, 開始ページ:716, 終了ページ:723, 2000年11月10日
    日本表面科学会, 日本語
    ISSN:0388-5321, CiNii Articles ID:10005348918, CiNii Books ID:AN00334149
  • Investigation of the growth mechanism of an InSe epitaxial layer on a MoS2 substrate               
    T Hayashi; K Ueno; K Saiki; A Koma
    巻:219, 号:1-2, 開始ページ:115, 終了ページ:122, 2000年10月
    Sub-monolayer films of layered semiconductor InSe were grown on MoS2 substrates by molecular beam epitaxy, and the change in their growth features with Se/In flux ratio was investigated using scanning tunneling microscope in vacuum. It was found that InSe domains grown at 340 degrees C have a hexagonal shape when the Se/In ratio is about 17. Detailed images of the hexagonal InSe domains have revealed that adjacent sides of the hexagon have different structures; one is a straight edge and the other is a disordered edge. When the Se/In ratio was decreased, the disordered edges became predominant, the straight edges disappeared, and the InSe domain became triangular. On the contrary, when the Se/In ratio was increased, InSe domains became triangular ones consisting of only straight edges. The growth mechanism of InSe domains is discussed by considering the crystal structure of InSe and the reactivity of each side with incoming atoms. It is suggested that the balance of incorporation rate of In and Se atoms determines the structure of InSe domains. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
    英語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0248(00)00627-8
    DOI ID:10.1016/S0022-0248(00)00627-8, ISSN:0022-0248, CiNii Articles ID:120001370934, Web of Science ID:WOS:000089675700015
  • 22aWA-7 C_<60>/Si(111)系におけるC(1s)内殻励起スペクトル               
    飯泉 謙一; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:55, 号:2, 開始ページ:749, 終了ページ:749, 2000年09月10日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002150110, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 24pPSA-24 Bilayer-GaSe終端Si(111)基板の表面構造解析と薄膜成長への応用               
    城田 はまな; 飯泉 謙一; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:55, 号:2, 開始ページ:777, 終了ページ:777, 2000年09月10日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002150687, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • Investigation of epitaxial arrangement and electronic structure of a La@ C-82 film grown on an MoS2 surface               
    K Iizumi; Y Uchino; K Ueno; A Koma; K Saiki; Y Inada; K Nagai; Y Iwasa; T Mitani
    巻:62, 号:12, 開始ページ:8281, 終了ページ:8285, 2000年09月
    Molecular arrangement and electronic structure of a La@C-82 film epitaxially grown on an MoS2 surface have been studied using reflection high-energy electron diffraction and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). It was revealed that La@C-82 molecules form a close-packed hexagonal lattice on a cleaved face of MoS2 with the intermolecular distance of 1.13+/-0.03 nm. EELS of the La@C-82 film in the valence excitation region indicated seven peaks coming from pi-->pi* transitions together with the pi-plasmon excitation. The absence of a distinct band gap means that the La@C-82 epitaxial him is not semiconducting, but metallic or semimetallic. From the EELS result, we propose an electronic structure diagram of the La@C-82 epitaxial film.
    英語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.62.8281
    DOI ID:10.1103/PhysRevB.62.8281, ISSN:1098-0121, eISSN:1550-235X, Web of Science ID:WOS:000089593400085
  • Investigation of epitaxial arrangement and electronic structure of a La@ C-82 film grown on an MoS2 surface
    上野 啓司; 小間 篤
    PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 巻:62, 号:12, 開始ページ:8281, 終了ページ:8285, 2000年09月
    Copyright notice(c)2000 American Physical Society. All rights reserved. Publisher's version: http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v62/p8281Molecular arrangement and electronic structure of a La@C-82 film epitaxially grown on an MoS2 surface have been studied using reflection high-energy electron diffraction and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). It was revealed that La@C-82 molecules form a close-packed hexagonal lattice on a cleaved face of MoS2 with the intermolecular distance of 1.13+/-0.03 nm. EELS of the La@C-82 film in the valence excitation region indicated seven peaks coming from pi-->pi* transitions together with the pi-plasmon excitation. The absence of a distinct band gap means that the La@C-82 epitaxial him is not semiconducting, but metallic or semimetallic. From the EELS result, we propose an electronic structure diagram of the La@C-82 epitaxial film.
    American Physical Society, 英語
    ISSN:0163-1829, CiNii Articles ID:120001370971
  • 異種原子終端Si基板上でのフラーレン分子のエピタキシー               
    上野 啓司
    電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. OME, 有機エレクトロニクス, 巻:100, 号:245, 開始ページ:51, 終了ページ:56, 2000年07月21日
    Si(111)清浄表面には活性なダングリングボンドが存在するが, 適当な原子を用いて終端することでそれらを不活性化することができる。この異種原子により規則的に終端された表面は, MoS_2やGaSeといった層状物質の劈開面と同様に不活性で表面エネルギーが低く, フラーレンや金属フタロシアニンといった有機分子性結晶の薄膜をファンデルワールス力を介してエピタキシャル成長するための基板として利用可能である。本稿では水素, 砒素及びbilayer-GaSeによるSi(111)表面の終端方法について解説し, これらのダングリングボンド終端基板上へのC_<60>薄膜の成長について述べる。さらに, 成長した薄膜の電子状態測定結果についても報告する。
    一般社団法人電子情報通信学会, 日本語
    ISSN:0913-5685, CiNii Articles ID:110003301168, CiNii Books ID:AN10013334
  • 24aPS-22 異種原子終端Si(111)基板に吸着したC_<60>:分子の電子状態               
    上野 啓司; 城田 はまな; 飯泉 謙一; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篇
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:55, 号:1, 開始ページ:782, 終了ページ:782, 2000年03月10日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110001916742, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 22aW-5 (C_<60>,K)/Si(111)系の電子エネルギー損失スペクトル               
    飯泉 謙一; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:55, 号:1, 開始ページ:749, 終了ページ:749, 2000年03月10日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110001916354, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 23aT-6 MoS_2基板上III-VI層状化合物半導体超薄膜の成長機構               
    林 利行; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:55, 号:1, 開始ページ:759, 終了ページ:759, 2000年03月10日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110001916471, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 24aZ-6 Si(111)-7×7および(100)-2×1表面上に作製したC_<60>単層膜の電子エネルギー損失スペクトル               
    飯泉 謙一; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一郎; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:54, 号:2, 開始ページ:785, 終了ページ:785, 1999年09月03日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110001994330, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 24aZ-1 アルカリハライド/半導体ヘテロ接合の光電子イールド測定(II)               
    河野 孝臣; 斉木 幸一郎; 上野 啓司; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:54, 号:2, 開始ページ:783, 終了ページ:783, 1999年09月03日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110001994325, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 26aPS-34 Si基板上へのGa_2Se_3薄膜のエピタキシャル成長と電子分光測定               
    上野 啓司; 中原 伴徳; 飯泉 謙一; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤; Dai Z.R.; 大内 二三夫
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:54, 号:2, 開始ページ:820, 終了ページ:820, 1999年09月03日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110001994464, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 26aPS-13 Si(111)-√<3>x√<3>Ag表面上に作製したC_<60>単層膜の高分解能電子エネルギー損失スペクトル               
    飯泉 謙一; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:54, 号:2, 開始ページ:815, 終了ページ:815, 1999年09月03日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110001994444, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 31a-S-12 不活性基板表面上に成長したC-<60>単層膜の電子エネルギー損失スペクトル               
    飯泉 謙一; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:54, 号:1, 開始ページ:338, 終了ページ:338, 1999年03月15日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002220666, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 28p-S-9 アルカリハライド/半導体ヘテロ接合の光電子イールド測定               
    河野 孝臣; 斉木 幸一朗; 上野 啓司; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:54, 号:1, 開始ページ:306, 終了ページ:306, 1999年03月15日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002220202, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 27a-PS-64 層状物質基板上エピタキシャルC_<60>薄膜の構造解析               
    上野 啓司; 飯泉 謙一; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:53, 号:2, 開始ページ:396, 終了ページ:396, 1998年09月05日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002056924, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 26p-YR-6 MoS_2基板上InSeヘテロエピタキシャル超薄膜の成長機構               
    林 利行; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:53, 号:2, 開始ページ:378, 終了ページ:378, 1998年09月05日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002056781, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 選択成長法による分子性結晶ナノ構造の形成               
    上野 啓司; 島田 敏宏; 小間 篤
    表面科学, 巻:19, 号:1, 開始ページ:14, 終了ページ:20, 1998年01月10日
    日本表面科学会, 日本語
    ISSN:0388-5321, CiNii Articles ID:10009861740, CiNii Books ID:AN00334149
  • 表面を選ぶサッカーボール               
    上野啓司
    物理科学雑誌パリティ, 巻:13, 号:11, 開始ページ:47, 終了ページ:50, 1998年
  • 表面を選ぶサッカ-ボ-ル               
    上野 啓司
    パリティ, 巻:13, 号:11, 開始ページ:47, 終了ページ:50, 1998年
    丸善株式会社, 日本語
    ISSN:0911-4815, CiNii Articles ID:120001370937, CiNii Books ID:AN10017131
  • 7a-PS-58 層状物質基板上での有機分子性結晶選択成長               
    上野 啓司; 佐々木 健太郎; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:52, 号:2, 開始ページ:369, 終了ページ:369, 1997年09月16日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002061306, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 31a-T-12 2D layered material buffer layers in large lattice mismatch heterostructures:The system CdS/InSe/Si               
    レア トーマス; 上野 啓司; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:52, 号:1, 開始ページ:364, 終了ページ:364, 1997年03月17日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 英語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002237728, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • 29a-PS-31 ヘテロ成長したIII-VI層状化合物半導体薄膜表面のSPM観察               
    上野 啓司; 佐々木 健太郎; 小間 篤
    日本物理学会講演概要集, 巻:52, 号:1, 開始ページ:338, 終了ページ:338, 1997年03月17日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    ISSN:1342-8349, CiNii Articles ID:110002237630, CiNii Books ID:AA11439205
  • C_<60>エピタキシャル薄膜の初期成長過程               
    須貝 真子; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤; 上野 啓司
    日本物理学会講演概要集. 秋の分科会, 巻:1996, 号:2, 開始ページ:572, 終了ページ:572, 1996年09月13日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    CiNii Articles ID:110001985810, CiNii Books ID:AN10453836
  • 27p-PSA-7 ヘテロ成長した層状物質のHREELSによる評価               
    上野 啓司; 藤川 安仁; 高 衛; 斉木 幸一郎; 小間 篤
    秋の分科会講演予稿集, 巻:1992, 号:2, 開始ページ:491, 終了ページ:491, 1992年09月14日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    CiNii Articles ID:110001999247, CiNii Books ID:AA11823236
  • 29p-PS-18 水素終端処理したSi基板上へのファンデアワールス・エピタキシー               
    劉 光佑; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    年会講演予稿集, 巻:47, 号:2, 開始ページ:467, 終了ページ:467, 1992年03月12日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    CiNii Articles ID:110002173617, CiNii Books ID:AN10453938
  • 30p-BPS-2 ヘテロエピタキシャル成長した層状物質のSTMによる評価               
    上野 啓司; 山本 秀樹; 森 朋彦; 吉井 賢資; 斉木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    年会講演予稿集, 巻:46, 号:2, 開始ページ:462, 終了ページ:462, 1991年09月12日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    CiNii Articles ID:110002154207, CiNii Books ID:AN10453938
  • 27p-R-6 GaAs基板上へのGaSe/MoSe_2超格子構造の作製とその界面特性               
    上野 啓司; 阿部 英樹; 齊木 幸一朗; 小間 篤
    春の分科会講演予稿集, 巻:1991, 号:2, 開始ページ:514, 終了ページ:514, 1991年03月11日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    CiNii Articles ID:110001905439, CiNii Books ID:AA11403638
  • PERIODIC LATTICE-DISTORTIONS AS A RESULT OF LATTICE MISMATCH IN EPITAXIAL-FILMS OF 2-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS               
    BA PARKINSON; FS OHUCHI; K UENO; A KOMA
    巻:58, 号:5, 開始ページ:472, 終了ページ:474, 1991年02月
    Epilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with two-dimensional structures can be grown with molecular beam epitaxy onto other TMDs substrates without regard to lattice matching. Although there is no strong bonding between the epilayer and the substrate, the van der Waals interaction between the two hexagonally closet packed lattices results in a periodic distortion which, due to electronic effects, is prominently imaged with the scanning tunneling microscope.
    英語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.104611
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.104611, ISSN:0003-6951, CiNii Articles ID:120001370928, Web of Science ID:WOS:A1991EW47700014
  • 2a-E-12 ファンデアワールス・エピタキシー法によりヘテロ成長した超薄膜のSTM観察               
    上野 啓司; 齋木 幸一朗; 小間 篤; Parkinson B.A.; 大内 二三夫
    秋の分科会講演予稿集, 巻:1990, 号:2, 開始ページ:418, 終了ページ:418, 1990年09月12日
    一般社団法人日本物理学会, 日本語
    CiNii Articles ID:110002023554, CiNii Books ID:AA11823236
  • VANDERWAALS EPITAXIAL-GROWTH AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MOSE2 THIN-FILMS ON SNS2               
    FS OHUCHI; BA PARKINSON; K UENO; A KOMA
    巻:68, 号:5, 開始ページ:2168, 終了ページ:2175, 1990年09月
    英語
    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.346574
    DOI ID:10.1063/1.346574, ISSN:0021-8979, CiNii Articles ID:120001370927, Web of Science ID:WOS:A1990DW26700034
■ 論文指導
  • 2024, 博士前期(専門職学位)課程, 指導学生数計:6, 指導学生数(内留学生):0
  • 2024, 学士課程, 指導学生数計:5, 指導学生数(内留学生):0
■ 所属学協会
  • 現在, フラーレン・ナノチューブ・グラフェン学会
  • 現在, 日本表面真空学会
  • 現在, 日本物理学会
  • 現在, 日本化学会
■ 共同研究・競争的資金等の研究課題
  • 超低消費電力システム構築のための2次元トンネルFETの集積化               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(S), 2022年04月27日 - 2027年03月31日
    長汐 晃輔; 上野 啓司; 宮田 耕充, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):200070000, 配分額(直接経費):153900000, 配分額(間接経費):46170000
    課題番号:22H04957
  • 遷移金属ダイカルコゲナイド原子層を酸化前駆体とする機能性酸化物超薄膜の創出               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(B), 2022年04月01日 - 2026年03月31日
    山本 真人; 上野 啓司; 麻生 亮太郎, 関西大学
    配分額(総額):17290000, 配分額(直接経費):13300000, 配分額(間接経費):3990000
    課題番号:23K23182
  • 遷移金属ダイカルコゲナイド原子層を酸化前駆体とする機能性酸化物超薄膜の創出               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(B), 2022年04月01日 - 2026年03月31日
    山本 真人; 上野 啓司; 麻生 亮太郎, 関西大学
    配分額(総額):17290000, 配分額(直接経費):13300000, 配分額(間接経費):3990000
    課題番号:22H01914
  • 触媒効果による層状化合物原子膜の低温単結晶成長実現               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(C), 2021年04月01日 - 2024年03月31日
    上野 啓司, 埼玉大学
    配分額(総額):4160000, 配分額(直接経費):3200000, 配分額(間接経費):960000
    (1) 微小金属膜(Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Ag, Pt, Au)を堆積したSiO2/Si基板と、何も堆積させていない基板上で二硫化タングステン(WS2)薄膜の原子層堆積法成長を行い、それぞれの条件で得られた薄膜を光学顕微鏡、原子間力顕微鏡、X線光電子分光、ラマン分光により比較し、金属薄膜の種類が成長に与える影響を検証した。成長温度は300℃とした。金属薄膜を堆積しない場合、WS2の他に多くの不純物が確認された。反応性の低いAu・Ptや、反応性が非常に高いAl・Tiの薄膜を堆積した試料では、WS2に相当する成分がほぼ見られず、不純物が多く含まれた。一方、AuやPtより反応性が高く、AlやTiよりは低いAg・Cuでは,WS2に相当する成分が見られた。特にCuでは不純物がほぼ存在しないことが分かった。Ag・Cuの金属薄膜は、WS2薄膜の成長を促進し、より良質で不純物の少ないWS2薄膜の低温での成膜を可能にすることが示唆された。
    (2) (1)と同様な実験をMoS2薄膜について行ったところ、Cuでは350℃以下、Agでは300℃以下、Ptでは250℃以下の成長温度条件下の試料において、各金属薄膜上にのみ選択的にMoS2成分が成長し、金属膜外には含硫黄成分が存在しないことが確認された。この結果から、金属薄膜上へのMoS2薄膜の領域選択成長が可能であることが実証された。その際、Cuは比較的高い成長温度まで、領域選択性を保つことが示された。
    (3) 原子層堆積法により低温成長したWS2薄膜を硫黄雰囲気下でアニールした後、電極を蒸着して電界効果トランジスタを形成したところ、p型の動作特性を示すことが確認された。
    (4) 剥離転写法で作製したしたMoS2電界効果トランジスタ素子を硫化アンモニウム溶液に浸したところ、浸漬時間により特性改善効果が異なることが確認された。
    課題番号:21K04826
  • 高蒸気圧原料による低温ファンデルワールス・エピタキシー               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(B), 2018年04月01日 - 2021年03月31日
    上野 啓司, 埼玉大学
    配分額(総額):16510000, 配分額(直接経費):12700000, 配分額(間接経費):3810000
    層状遷移金属ダイカルコゲナイドの単結晶超薄膜を低い基板温度でエピタキシャル成長することを目的として、反応性の高い高蒸気圧前駆体化合物を原料とする分子線エピタキシー装置を立ち上げ、成膜実験を進めた。その結果、二硫化タングステン、二硫化ニオブおよび二セレン化ニオブ薄膜を、合成雲母基板上などにエピタキシャル成長することに成功した。
    また、原子層堆積装置を用いた成膜実験では、熱酸化シリコン基板上に予め微小な金属薄膜を蒸着することにより、結晶性の二硫化タングステン薄膜が、金属薄膜上だけでなくその外部の基板表面上においても、金属薄膜が無い場合と比べて低い温度で成長可能であることが見出された。
    課題番号:18H01822
  • 原子層物質の国際的提供と共同研究の推進               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 新学術領域研究(研究領域提案型), 2015年11月06日 - 2019年03月31日
    齋藤 理一郎; 楠 美智子; 依光 英樹; 長汐 晃輔; 長田 俊人; 塚越 一仁; 上野 啓司; 越野 幹人; 若林 克法; 町田 友樹; 坂本 良太; 仁科 勇太; 柳 和宏; 河野 行雄, 東北大学
    配分額(総額):45890000, 配分額(直接経費):35300000, 配分額(間接経費):10590000
    究極に薄い物質は、1原子層からなる物質である。近年1原子層だけからなる、2次元物質(または原子層物質)が、従来の3次元の物質に比べて顕著で有用な特性を示すことから活発に研究が行われている。その中で、六方窒化ホウ素(hBN) の原子層試料は日本でしか合成することができないので、世界的に提供する必要がある。本国際共同研究加速基金では、このhBNやそのほかの原子層物質を国際的に提供することをサポートした。これによって国際共同研究を促進し、内外の原子層科学の分野の推進に大きく貢献した。また、多くの若手を派遣、招聘することにより、若手研究者の育成にも大きな成果を得た。
    課題番号:15K21722
  • 複合原子層の界面特性理解と原子層デバイスへの応用               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 新学術領域研究(研究領域提案型), 2013年06月28日 - 2018年03月31日
    長汐 晃輔; 長谷川 雅考; 上野 啓司; 塚越 一仁; 渡邊 賢司; 山田 貴壽, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):204230000, 配分額(直接経費):157100000, 配分額(間接経費):47130000
    新学術領域研究「原子層科学」において,2次元層状半導体の輸送特性,及び複層化技術の確立,複層化したデバイスの特性評価を行い,最終的にOLEDへの応用展開を進めた.既存のヘテロエピと異なり,格子定数差とは無関係に複層化が可能であり,その界面は電気的に不活性であることがわかった.今後のさらなる展開が期待できる.
    課題番号:25107004
  • 原子層科学の推進               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 新学術領域研究(研究領域提案型), 2013年06月28日 - 2018年03月31日
    齋藤 理一郎; 長田 俊人; 依光 英樹; 町田 友樹; 楠 美智子; 長汐 晃輔; 上野 啓司; 塚越 一仁; 若林 克法; 越野 幹人, 東北大学
    配分額(総額):181740000, 配分額(直接経費):139800000, 配分額(間接経費):41940000
    本新学術領域研究は、「人類史上最も薄い物質」である、一原子層の厚さしかない物質(以下原子層物質)を合成してきました。また合成した非常に薄い物質を使って、消費電力が非常に小さい電子デバイスや、光デバイスの作成と検証を行い、その社会における有用性を実証しました。さらに、異なる原子層物質を積み重ねることによって、今までにない物質(複合原子層物質)を人工的に合成し、超伝導や量子的な性質を持つ、新しい機能材料を開発することに成功いたしました。これらは、国際共同研究基金を用いて国際共同研究を推進することによって、新しい物質の開発を加速いたしました。
    課題番号:25107001
  • グラフェン/有機半導体接合を活用した高機能有機薄膜素子開発               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(C), 2010年 - 2012年
    上野 啓司, 埼玉大学
    配分額(総額):4290000, 配分額(直接経費):3300000, 配分額(間接経費):990000
    化学的薄片剥離法により形成した可溶化グラフェンを,太陽電池や電界効果トランジスタの構成材料として用いることで,素子性能の向上を試みた。その結果,可溶化グラフェンを添加した塗布形成薄膜太陽電池において,12%超の光電変換効率を達成した。また,有機薄膜電界効果トランジスタの移動度を可溶化グラフェン添加により3倍向上することや,グラフェン透明電極を有する透明トランジスタを作製することにも成功した。
    課題番号:22560002
  • 層状物質の薄片剥離およびヘテロ積層による新奇物性発現               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 萌芽研究, 2007年 - 2008年
    上野 啓司, 埼玉大学
    配分額(総額):3300000, 配分額(直接経費):3300000
    この研究課題では,「柔軟で安定度が高く,電気的特性のよい半導体薄膜素子」の実現手法として,「層状構造を持つ物質の利用」を提案し,研究を進めた。具体的には「単層化グラファイト(グラフェン)」および「単層化層状カルコゲナイド」の利用を試みている。平成20年度は,単層剥離した層状物質,特にグラファイトの溶液中単層剥離によって得られた可溶化グラフェンを,高機能な素子材料として応用することを目指して実験を進めた。研究成果は以下の通りである。
    (1)酸化グラフェン溶液を用いて薄膜を塗布し,さらに化学/加熱還元する手法の改良に努めた結果,導電性が高く(2000S/cm台)可視光~近赤外領域で透明なグラフェン薄膜の形成に成功した。この透明グラフェン薄膜を電極に用いた有機薄膜太陽電池を試作したところ,これまでに最高で1.2%の光電変換効率が得られている。
    (2)塗布グラフェン薄膜をソース/ドレイン電極とするボトムコンタクト型有機電界効果トランジスタ(FET)を試作したところ,p型(P3HT活性層),n型(PCBM活性層)の両方でFETの塗布形成に成功した。またこれらのFETでは,金蒸着膜を電極とする素子よりも高い移動度が得られた。グラフェン電極と有機半導体の接触抵抗を測定したところ,金電極よりも低い値が得られている。
    課題番号:19656011
  • 低次元構造半導体を用いた新奇薄膜電界効果トランジスタ形成に関する研究               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(C), 2005年 - 2006年
    上野 啓司, 埼玉大学
    配分額(総額):3600000, 配分額(直接経費):3600000
    本研究では,「柔軟性」と「高機能性」を併せ持つ薄膜トランジスタを,有機高分子ポリマーや無機層状構造半導体といった,構造に「異方性」をもつ低次元物質を用いて開発することを目標として実験を行い,以下の成果が得られた。
    (1)異方的テンプレート構造を持っゲートSiO_x層形成手法の最適化
    Si(111)微傾斜基板表面に,周期的な1次元凹凸テンプレート構造を形成することに成功した。
    (2)ジアセチレン誘導体化合物配向膜形成手法の確立
    Si(111)表面に,mmスケールで連続した単一配向ジアセチレン誘導体薄膜を成長することに成功した。
    (3)ジアセチレン誘導体配向膜の異方的重合による長距離無欠陥π電子共役系の単一配向形成
    単一配向ジアセチレン誘導体薄膜の光重合により,方向の揃ったπ電子共役系の形成に成功した。
    (4)ゲート絶縁体としてとして利用可能な層状物質の検討
    劈開したマイカ基板をゲート誘電体として用いる有機電界効果トランジスタ(FET)の作製に成功した。
    (5)アモルファス基板表面上へのテンプレート構造転写
    (1)の基板表面構造を,インプリンティング法によりPMMA薄膜表面へ転写することに成功した。
    (6)異方構造を持つ熱酸化SiO_x基板上への面内高配向ポリチオフェン誘導体ポリマー薄膜形成テンプレート基板表面への水平付着法により,高度に面内配向したポリチオフェン誘導体薄膜が得られた。
    (7)異方構造を持つ熱酸化SiO_x基板上へのC_<60>ドメイン位置選択形成
    テンプレート基板上の表面エネルギー周期的変調により,C_<60>ドメインの位置選択形成に成功した。
    (8)白雲母単結晶ゲート基板上での有機FET動作特性改善
    マイカゲート表面のPMMAあるいはOTMS処理により,FET動作特性が大幅に改善された。
    (9)層状化合物MoS_2の単層剥離手法の追求
    MoS_2単結晶層間にLiを挿入後水と反応させることで,単層剥離が可能であることを確認した。
    課題番号:17550165
  • 高度界面制御有機・無機複合構造による量子物性の発現と応用               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 学術創成研究費, 2002年 - 2006年
    斉木 幸一朗; 青木 秀夫; 島田 敏宏; 上野 啓司; 佐々木 岳彦; 池田 進; 有田 亮太郎; 木口 学, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):526370000, 配分額(直接経費):431780000, 配分額(間接経費):94590000
    高度に制御された有機無機ヘテロ界面を実現し,電界による電荷注入や界面相互作用における多体効果による新奇量子現象の発現を最終目標として今年度は以下の研究を行なった.また,最終年度としての総括もおこなった.
    金属-有機物界面の電荷注入過程と電荷極性の相関;同一試料に対して薄膜成長中のFET測定,電子分光による薄膜評価が行なえるシステムを改良し,FETにおけるキャリアの極性と電子状態の変化を詳細に追跡した.その結果,電荷極性は金属のフェルミ準位と有機半導体のHOMO-LUMOギャップの相対位置関係により決まり,有効チャネル伝導度は界面のエネルギー障壁に対して指数関数的に変化することを初めて実験的に実証した.
    有機薄膜表面形態と電気伝導現象の相関;先年度に開発した,同一試料に対してFET測定とAFMによる薄膜形態測定が可能な装置を用いて,ペンタセン薄膜の形態安定性と伝導度の相関を詳細に追究した.その結果,形態変化を齎す分子移動は界面第1-2層目の境界から生起することが明らかになった.薄膜の安定化を図るためには第2層の結晶系の制御が重要であることは当該分野での大きな指針となる.
    ベンゼンの重合によるナノグラフェンの合成とエッジ状態,磁気秩序;ベンゼンの重合によるナノグラフェンについて,STM観察によりエッジの構造について詳細に探究した結果,本手法により作製されたナノグラフェンの端は70%以上の確率でジグザグ端であることが判明した.STM像のバイアス依存性から,ジグザグ端にはフェルミ面近傍に状態を持つことが明らかとなり,従前の分光学的な結果と整合した.また,高分解能電子エネルギー損失分光から,ジグザグ端には水素原子が1あるいは2個吸着した状態があることがわかった.これらの結果および磁気光学カー効果の結果について理論的な検討をおこなった.
    課題番号:14GS0207
  • 有機超伝導薄膜からのコヒーレント光超放射に関する研究               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 若手研究(B), 2002年 - 2003年
    上野 啓司, 埼玉大学
    配分額(総額):3400000, 配分額(直接経費):3400000
    本研究は,レーザーのような「コヒーレント光放出素子」を,無機化合物半導体ではなく,有機半導体を材料として用いて実現することを目標とする。具体的には,超伝導状態の有機単結晶薄膜内におけるコヒーレントな電子/正孔各クーパー対の再結合による自然放射,「超放射」を利用してコヒーレント光放出を行う,というものである。
    本研究では有機薄膜への電子・ホールの両電荷を注入し,超伝導状態で再結合させることによって超放射を実現することを目指しているが,そのための電荷注入方法として有機電界効果トランジスタ(FET)を形成する必要がある。本年度はこの有機FETの低電圧動作,及び高効率な電荷注入を実現することを目指し,前年度から試みている陽極酸化法による五酸化タンタルゲート絶縁膜作製法の改良を行った。
    実験の結果,Ta板を濃硫酸・フッ酸混液中で電解研磨することにより表面を数nm以下のレベルで平坦化することに成功した。そしてその表面を陽極酸化することにより,昨年度よりもはるかに高い耐電圧性を有する酸化膜の形成を実現した。その結果,五酸化タンタルゲート酸化膜上に形成したペンタセンFETは,導電性Si/SiO_2基板上に形成したものと同程度までゲート電圧を加えることが可能であった。これにより,五酸化タンタルが二酸化珪素より誘電率が高い分(SiO_2:ε=4,Ta_2O_5:ε=27),これまでより数倍の星の電荷を有機薄膜に注入することに成功している。このように多量の電荷を有機薄膜中に注入することにより,化学ドープでは得られなかった物性変化を,FET電荷注入によって発現できることが期待される。
    課題番号:14750006
  • 「空孔エピタキシー」の研究               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(C), 2000年 - 2001年
    上野 啓司, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):3600000, 配分額(直接経費):3600000
    2年間の研究成果を以下にまとめる。
    (1)III_2-VI_3化合物半導体薄膜の成長は,これまではGaAsやGaPなどのIII-V化合物半導体基板上で専ら行われてきたが,デバイス応用を考える上ではSi基板上への成長が重要である。特にGa_2Se_3は格子定数がSiとほぼ一致し,格子不整合欠陥のない良質な薄膜の成長が期待される。そこで,single-domain2×1構造を持つ微傾斜Si(001)清浄表面上にGa_2Se_3薄膜の成長を試みたところ,基板温度480℃,VI/III比1000の条件下で,Ga空孔が規則配列した単結晶Ga_2Se_3薄膜を成長することに成功した。また,基板温度が500℃を超えると空孔は規則配列せず,一方420℃より下では一部が多結晶成長し膜質が低下することも判明している。さらに成長した薄膜のフォトルミネッセンスを6.5Kで測定したところ,650nm〜1000nmの波長範囲にわたるブロードな発光ピークが観察された。次に光物性に異方性が現れるかどうか検証するため,薄膜からのフォトルミネッセンスの偏光依存性を調べた。その結果,入射光の偏光に対する発光強度の変化は観察されず,またルミネッセンス光自体の偏光も観察されなかった。これまでに斜方型の空孔規則配列Ga_2Se_3では光学異方性が観察されていることから,本研究で作製された薄膜は単斜型の空孔規則配列構造を持つのではないかと考えている。
    (2)C_<60>分子を選択成長した後酸化物薄膜で被覆し,その後C_<60>分子を酸化除去することで1nm径の空孔を規則配列することを目指しているが,bilayer-GaSeで終端したSi(111)表面が平坦かつ不活性であり,C_<60>分子の選択成長基板として有望であることを見出している。
    さらに,直線状の空孔列を結晶内に形成することを目的として,C_<60>分子の直鎖状ドメインを固体基板上に形成することを試みた。4°傾斜Si(111)基板表面を加熱清浄化した後Se, Gaのbilayerを用いて終端したところ,bunchingしたステップ列が約200nm間隔で平行に走る不活性表面が得られた。この基板上に基板温度190℃でC_<60>分子を照射したところ,ステップ列に沿って最長20μmのC_<60>直鎖状ドメインが形成された。現在,このドメイン上に酸化物層を形成し,さらにアニールによってC_<60>ドメインを酸化分解し,空孔列を形成する,という実験を進めている。
    課題番号:12650006
  • フラーレンおよびその化合物のヘテロ構造化による新物性の探求               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 特定領域研究(A), 1999年 - 2000年
    小間 篤; 上野 啓司; 島田 敏宏; 斉木 幸一朗, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):3700000, 配分額(直接経費):3700000
    本研究では,我々が豊富な経験を持つ分子線エピタキシーの手法を用いてフラーレン及びアルカリ金属/有機分子ドープフラーレンの単結晶薄膜・超格子・微細構造を作製し,固有の物性を追求することを目的としている。特に,ヘテロ薄膜に対する基板の影響に注目し,(1)基板がフラーレン薄膜の格子定数・物性に与える影響,(2)基板-薄膜間の電荷移動裏決定,(3)π電子系-半導体表面相互作用の定量的解明,(4)選択成長法によるフラーレン微細構造の作製,といった研究を行う。本年度は以下のような成果を得た。
    まず,パルスバルブを利用した溶液噴射法を開発し,加熱に対し不安定なフラーレン誘導体C_<60>Me_5Hのエピタキシャル薄膜をMoS_2基板上に形成することに成功するとともに,超高真空下で電子状態の測定を行った。この手法により,不安定で蒸着不可能な有機分子のエピタキシャル薄膜を真空下で形成する道が開かれた。次に,金属内包フラーレンLa@C_<82>の単結晶エピタキシャル薄膜を分子線エピタキシー法によりMoS_2基板上に作製し,電子エネルギー損失分光法によりその電子状態を調べた。その結果,観察されたフェルミ準位近傍の電子状態間の遷移エネルギーが理論計算とほぼ一致することが確認された。また,界面第1層目と2層目以降ではLa@C_<82>薄膜の成長様式及び電子状態が異なることも判明した。
    また,活性なSi(111)基板表面に存在するダングリングボンドを異種原子で終端し不活性化することで,単結晶フラーレン薄膜をエピタキシャル成長することが知られているが,本研究においてbilayer-GaSe終端Si(111)表面が均一に平坦,かつ大気中でも安定であることが発見され,有機分子性結晶のエピタキシャル成長基板として有望なことが判明した。
    課題番号:11165212
  • 分子性結晶を用いた室温動作単電子トンネル素子の研究               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 奨励研究(A), 1998年 - 1999年
    上野 啓司, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):2100000, 配分額(直接経費):2100000
    本研究では,電子一つ一つの移動を制御することが可能な「単電子トンネル素子」を分子性結晶を用いて形成し,その室温動作を実現することを目指している。この素子の動作可能温度は,電荷が注入される量子ドットの大きさで決まり,容量の小さな量子ドットほど高温での単電子トンネル制御が可能である。C_<60>のような分子性結晶を材料として用いれば,一つ一つの分子が量子ドットとして働き,その容量が非常に小さいため室温での単電子トンネル動作が期待される。本研究では分子性結晶による量子ドットを「選択成長法」によって形成し,室温動作する単電子トンネル素子を作製する実験を進めている。選択成長法では,基板表面に分子が成長する個所を前もって加工描画することによって,10nmスケールの自由な形状の有機分子微細構造を形成することができる。
    本年度は,これまで用いていた層状物質基板に代わり,絶縁体であるCaF_2(111)基板上での選択成長実験を試みた。CaF_2(111)表面は加熱清浄化するとフッ素で終端され不活性であるが,電子線照射により表面フッ素原子を脱離させるとその箇所だけ活性化する。この性質を利用すると,分子性結晶の選択成長に応用可能であると考えられる。またさらに電子線照射を続けることにより電子線照射箇所に金属カルシウムを凝集させることができ,微細な電極形成への応用も期待できる。実際にRHEED電子銃を用い,加熱したCaF_2(111)表面に電子線を照射したところ,幅400nm,深さ50nm,長さ1mm以上の溝状構造が形成されることが発見された。また,基板温度を制御してC_<60>をこの表面に蒸着することにより,溝内に幅200nm程度のC_<60>分子細線が形成可能であることを実証した。現在この細線に電極を取り付け,電気伝導度測定を試みている。
    課題番号:10750006
  • 多様物質系ヘテロ構造の作製手法の確立と物性探索               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(A), 1998年 - 1999年
    小間 篤; 島田 敏宏; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):38900000, 配分額(直接経費):38900000
    本研究は無機から有機まで、あるいは絶縁体から超伝導体までといった、従来ほとんど実現されていない多種多様な物質を組み合わせたへテロ構造の作成を可能とする手法を開発し、それが示す新しい物性の発現を探索することを目指してきた。主な結果は以下の通りである。
    1.複合ヘテロ構造によるGaAs上の岩塩型酸化物のエピタキシャル成長
    GaAs(001)上に2つのアルカリハライドバッファ層をはさんだ複合ヘテロ構造を作成することにより、MgOの単結晶薄膜が得られた。直接MgOをGaAs上に形成するのに比べて基板温度を150℃まで下げることができた。この構造は600℃まで安定である。複合へテロ構造の概念を応用すればGaAs上に酸化物と半導体の集積素子を構築することが可能になると期待される。
    2.液晶単分子膜のエピタキシャル成長と相転移
    2次元の相転移に関連した新現象を追究するため無機単結晶基板上に液晶単分子膜した。液晶12CBがアルカリハライド(001)面の上にエピタキシャル成長することが明らかになり、成長温度を変えて結晶構造とモルフォロジを反射高速電子線回折と原子間力顕微鏡で調べた結果、バルクの相転移温度付近で単分子膜の輪郭の秩序性が大きく変化することを見出した。
    3.分子性量子構造の実現のための選択成長
    分子性物質めナノ構造を大規模に作成する手法としてパタン化したへテロ基板を用いる選択成長を追究した。高い選択性を実現する条件として(1)分子性物質と基板表面の格子整合(2)ファンデアワールス相互作用の違いという2つの要素を確立した。量子構造の物性を測定中である。
    4.超薄膜・ヘテロ構造の物性測定
    作成したへテロ構造の物性を電子分光・帯磁率測走・電気伝導度測定等、多様な手法により調べた。一例として、MnPcの超薄膜において磁気的性質がバルクのものと異なっていることが明らかになり、ヘテロ構造に起因する結晶構造の違いで説明された。
    課題番号:10305002
  • イオン結晶-半導体ヘテロ構造による新機能表面の作製と物性               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(B), 1997年 - 1998年
    斉木 幸一朗; 上野 啓司, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):13900000, 配分額(直接経費):13900000
    (1) 電子分光による金属Mg,Ba薄膜の初期酸化過程
    MgO,BaOの薄膜成長の基礎として金属Mg,Baの初期酸化過程を,オージェ電子分光,エネルギー損失分光,紫外光電子分光を駆使して探求し,初期酸素吸着状態から酸化膜形成への境界となる酸素暴露量,基板温度などを明らかにした.
    (2) 高感度RHEEDによるアルカリハライドヘテロ界面の評価
    回折スクリーンの前にマイクロチャネルプレート(MCP)を設置して電子線を増倍することにより,従来の電子線量を8000分の1まで減らすことに成功した結果,多くのへテロ構造について臨界膜厚が明らかとなり,ヘテロ構造の詳細な解明が可能となった.
    (3) 複合へテロ構造による岩塩型酸化物のへテロ成長
    MgO/LiF/NaCl/GaAsという複合へテロ構造の作製を試みた結果,極めて平坦性の高いMgO表面を得ることができた.これにより,複合へテロ構造という概念が,イオン結晶/半導体といった極めて異質な物質間の界面形成に有用であることが初めて示された.
    (4) イオン結晶/半導体へテロ構造の光電子収率
    光電子収率の測定装置を本年度の研究費により作製しNaCl/GaAs(001),(111)構造の種々のNaCl膜厚の試料を作製して光電子収率の絶対測定をおこなった.これによりNaCl/GaAs構造の光閾値が求まり,ヘテロ構造のband alignmentの詳細が明らかになりつつある.
    課題番号:09450006
  • STM/AFMによる層状物質基板上への超微細構造の作製               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 奨励研究(A), 1996年 - 1996年
    上野 啓司, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):1000000, 配分額(直接経費):1000000
    本研究は、ファンデアワールス・エピタキシ-法によって作製された層状美質超薄膜表面に,走査型トンネル顕微鏡(STM)や原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)を用いて超微細加工を施し,更に加工位置への選択的成長による有機分子や金属原子等の微細構造形成を目指している。
    本年はまず,加工・選択成長の基板として必要なMoS_2基板上のGaSe薄膜の最適成長条件を求めた。の結果MoS_2基板表面をほぼ完全に覆うGeSe単層膜の形成に成功し,理想的な基板上での加工・選択成長実験が可能となった。次にMoS_2基表面を部分的にGaSe単層膜で覆った基板上そのC_<60>分子の成長実験を行い,基板温度180℃〜250℃程度の範囲内ではC_<60>分子がMoS_2基板上にのみ成長し,最小で20nm幅程度の超微細C_<60>領域が形成可能であることを見いだした。
    以上の結果を元に,MoS_2基板上GaSe単層膜を先ずAFMのカンチレバ-を用いて加工し,nmスケールのMoS_2露出領域を形成した後にC_<60>分子の成長を行い,加工した形状通りのC_<60>ナノ構造を形成することを試みた。AFM加工では,最小で幅7.5nm程度の溝を切削し,MoS_2表面を露出することに成功した。そこでC_<60>分子を基板温度180℃でAFM加工表面へ照射したところ,C_<60>分子はGaSe未被履のMoS_2露出領域のみならず,AFM加工により露出したMoS_2表面にも選択成長できることが確認された。現在他の分子,原子の選択成長の実験を進めている。
    課題番号:08750009
  • 原子モアレ変調構造の走査トンネル分光               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 重点領域研究, 1995年 - 1995年
    上野 啓司; 小間 篤, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):2000000, 配分額(直接経費):2000000
    本研究は、ファンデアワールス・エピタキシ-法によって作製された層状物質による超薄膜ヘテロ構造表面の、走査型トンネル顕微鏡(STM)像に現れる、長周期モアレ変調構造や、金属吸着層状物質表面に特異に現れる電子変調構造の微視的解明を目標としている。
    モアレ変調構造については、試料温度によるSTM像の変化を調べるために、100Kから1200Kまで試料温度を変えることの出来る超高真空STM装置を導入し、立ち上げ中である。完成し次第すぐに各ヘテロ成長試料の観察を始める予定である。
    アルカリ金属吸着表面では、LiからCsに至るアルカリ金属をMoS_2,MoSe_2,MoTe_2各基板に微量吸着しSTM観察を行った。その結果全ての組み合わせに於いて同様なサンプルバイアス電圧依存性を示す変調構造が観察された。即ち空状態像では直径2〜3nmの暗点、占有状態像では同じ場所に馬蹄型の輝点構造が観察された。アルカリ金属間でのイオン化エネルギー、イオン半径の差、及び基板半導体の格子定数、バンドギャップの差にもかかわらず同様な変調構造が全ての試料で観察されたことから、吸着アルカリ金属は基板とは反応やインターカレーションはせずに、表面に留まって単にイオン化しているだけと考えられる。バイアス依存変調構造は吸着イオン周辺に局在する負電荷によって局所状態密度及びバンドの曲がりが変化することで発生していると考えている。現在その詳細について理論的研究を行っている。
    課題番号:07225204
  • ファンデアワールス・エピタキシ-法によるフラーレン超薄膜の作製とその物性の解明               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 重点領域研究, 1995年 - 1995年
    斉木 幸一朗; 上野 啓司, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):2000000, 配分額(直接経費):2000000
    フラレン薄膜の成長初期過程としての単分子膜の状態について、従来は原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)による観察によって研究を進めてきたが、本年度はそれに加えて高分解能エネルギー損失分光法(HREELS)法による解明を試みた。
    1.MoS_2劈開面上のC_<60>単分子膜のHREELS測定
    C_<60>のIR活性モードは、単分子膜試料と厚膜試料でほとんど同じであり、C_<60>分子とMoS_2基板の間に結合あるいは電荷移動などの強い相互作用はないことを示している。これはMoS_2表面にダングリングボンドが存在しないことに由来すると考えられる。しかし、鏡面反射条件下で観測される158meVのピークは本来のC_<60>の対称性からは禁制なピークであり、単分子膜でのみこのピークが観測されることは、MoS_2表面上の局所電場がC_<60>分子を分極させるなどの相互作用の存在を示唆している。
    2.Si(111)7x7上のC_<60>エピタキシャル成長初期過程のHREELS測定
    Si(111)7x7再構成表面上に成長したC_<60>薄膜のHREELSスペクトルから、被覆率の違いによる吸着構造の違いが明らかになった。0.2分子層の低被覆度の場合には分子はSi表面のダングリングボンドに結合しているが、被覆率が0.6に増加するとC_<60>分子が大きいために吸着サイトの奪い合が起きてSiとの結合は弱化する。さらに被覆率が1になると、17x17構造が安定化することを見い出した。
    3.C_<60>分子とSi基板の反応性
    Si(100)および(111)基板上に成長した単分子膜について基板温度を上げて基板との反応性を調べた結果、(100)面上では350Kで化学吸着した後、850Kまでは分解せずに残るが、(111)面上では850Kではじめて基板と反応することがわかった。
    課題番号:07213207
  • 表面をSTM/AFMで修飾した基板上への結晶成長に関する研究               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 奨励研究(A), 1994年 - 1994年
    上野 啓司, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):900000, 配分額(直接経費):900000
    本研究は、Mos_2やGaSeなどの層状物質基板の表面、または表面を水素終端によって不活性化したSi(111)基板表面を、走査型トンネル電子顕微鏡(STM)や原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)を用いて原子スケールで修飾・加工を行い、その上に他の有機物質や化合物半導体を成長することで、原子スケールで成長様式や構造を制御し、任意のパターン描画を実現できる手法の開発を目的とする。本年度はまず最初に、これらの物質の様に表面が不活性な基板を、何らかの手法で加工した際に形成されるステップ等の活性部位に対し、結晶成長がどのように進行するか、を検証するために、(1)水素終端Si(111)基板、(2)螺旋成長した層状物質GaSe薄膜、の各基板上へ、分子性結晶であるC_<60>の成長を行った。
    (1)の水素終端基板上では、基板表面に残った終端の不完全な部分で核形成が起こり、C_<60>分子がデンドライト形状の島状成長をすることが、基板温度を変えて行った一連の測定から確認された。完全な水素終端を行った上で、STMの探針で表面の水素原子を選択的に脱離させることが出来れば、任意の位置にC_<60>分子を吸着・成長させることが可能であるといえる。
    (2)の螺旋状GaSe薄膜上には螺旋の各ステップ端に活性部位が存在すると考えられるが、C_<60>分子はまずそのステップ端に吸着し、次に螺旋のテラスを埋めて成長していく様子がAFMによって観察された。すなわち、平坦な層状物質基板上に溝状のステップを形成すれば、C_<60>分子などはその中で選択的に成長すると期待される。現在そのような溝状構造の作製の実験を進めており、分子性結晶による微細構造の物性測定を目指している。
    課題番号:06750004
  • ファンデアワールス・エピタキシ-法によるフラーレン超薄膜の作製とのその物性の解明               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 重点領域研究, 1994年 - 1994年
    小間 篤; 島田 敏宏; 上野 啓司, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):1700000, 配分額(直接経費):1700000
    フラーレンの発見と、その精製、分離技術の確立は、物質科学に大きなインパクトを与えつつある。2種以上のフラーレン超薄膜を交互に積層成長させたり、フラーレン超薄膜とドーパント層を設計通りに積層させることが可能なヘテロエピタキシャル膜作製手法の確立は、新しいフラーレン物性を系統的に探索する上で特に期待されるものである。本研究では、格子不整合系のエピタキシャル成長に特に有効な手法として我々が開発してきたファンデルワールス・エピタキシ-法を駆使して、良質のフラーレン超薄膜のエピタキシャル成長手法の確立を図るため、その成長機構の解明を目指した。
    MoS_2に代表される遷移金属ダイカルコゲナイド上へのフラレン成長機構について、成長中における電子線回折(RHEED)による観察、および成長後の薄膜形態の原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)観察によって詳細な検討をおこなった。その結果、C_<60>は通常の条件下(基板温度、室温〜150℃、成長速度〜1Å/分)において、二次元核形成により成長し、各層は層状成長することが明らかになった。成長形態は一層目と二層目以降で大きく異なり、一層目は六回対称のデンドライト構造でそのドメインサイズは最大40μに達する。これに対し、二層目以降は三角形状でそのサイズは数μ程度である。
    一層目の核形成に関する知見を得るために、さらに基板温度および成長速度をパラメータとして核密度数の詳細な検討をおこなった。完全凝集モデルによれば、安定核密度は成長速度、基板温度および臨界核の大きさの関数で表される。このモデルから計算される臨界核の大きさ(原子数)は100℃において約4、210℃において20〜30以上であった。また基板上の拡散距離は40μ以上となる。これらの値の評価はフラレン系だけでなく広く有機物質系でも初めてであり、今後のエピタキシャル成長膜の設計に有用な指針を与えるものである。
    課題番号:06224206
  • 原子モアレ変調構造の走査トンネル分光               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 重点領域研究, 1994年 - 1994年
    小間 篤; 島田 敏宏; 上野 啓司; 斉木 幸一朗, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):2300000, 配分額(直接経費):2300000
    本研究は、ファンデアワールス・エピタキシ-法によって作製された層状物質による超薄膜ヘテロ構造表面の、走査型トンネル顕微鏡(STM)像に現れる、長周期モアレ変調構造の微視的解明を目標としている。平成6年度は、これまでにモアレ変調構造を測定した物質以外の層状物質間でのヘテロ構造を作製し、変調構造が現れるかどうか実験を行った。また昨年に引き続き、アルカリ金属吸着により層状物質表面に現れる局所的電子変調構造のSTM像及びトンネルスペクトルの測定を行い、金属や層状物質の種類の違いによる差異が現れるかどうかの検証を行った。
    金属性の層状遷移金属ダイカルコゲナイドTaSe_2基板上にMoSe_2薄膜を成長した試料では、これまでの所モアレ変調構造は観察されていない。自由電子による遮蔽効果がその原因としては考えられるが、詳細は検討中である。またMoS_2基板上にIII-VI層状化合物半導体GaSeの薄膜を成長した試料でも、やはりモアレ変調は観察されていない。成長する薄膜物質のフェルミ準位近傍に存在するd軌道の電子に対する変調作用がモアレ構造を発現させていると考えている。
    アルカリ金属吸着表面では、これまでのNa吸着の他、Cs吸着表面でも同様の変調構造が現れることが確認された。また価電子帯領域のSTM像に現れる輝点は、リング状の構造ではなく、非対称なU字型の構造を持つことが見いだされた。さらにこの価電子帯領域での電子変調は、真空中に鋭く突き出ており、STM探針先端を逆に操作する形となり、先端構造を反映したゴ-スト像が現れることも見い出された。
    課題番号:06236204
  • 有機・無機超格子の作製とその物性の解明               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 一般研究(B), 1993年 - 1994年
    小間 篤; 島田 敏宏; 上野 啓司; 多田 博一, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):7300000, 配分額(直接経費):7300000
    本課題では、ファンデルワールス界面に分子線エピタキシ-を応用した手法であるファンデルワールス・エピタキシ-を有機分子に適用して、従来全く例のない有機・無機エピタキシャル超格子の作製とその物性解明を目指して研究を行った。得られた成果は以下の通りである。(1)KBr-VOPc系でエピタキシャル関係を保った有機・無機超格子をはじめて実現した。(2)原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)による観察により、有機分子のエピタキシャル成長において、基板温度や分子線フラックスを変化させることにより成長膜のモルフォロジーを制御できることを明らかにした。これは、分子レベルで平坦な有機・無機超格子を作製する上で重要である。(3)単結晶傾斜基板上に規則的に存在するステップを用いて分子配向を制御できる可能性を実証した。これは、有機・無機エピタキシャル超格子の作製上不可欠な有機層のシングルドメイン化を行う有力な手法となることが期待される。また、有機分子の配列がステップに影響されて一次元的な秩序をとることも明らかになった。これは、超格子に対するいわば「量子細線」を有機分子に対して人工的に作製する方法をはじめて与えるものである。(4)無機物による有機分子超薄膜・微細構造のキャッピングは、保護膜として有効であることを明らかにした。(5)新たに、Se終端化したGaAs(111)基板がエピタキシャル成長の基板として有効であることを見いだし、VOPc、AlClPcのエピタキシャル成長を行い、成長膜の分子配列を決定した。また、アルカリハライド上にシングルドメイン成長できる新たな有機分子として、四角酸を見いだした。四角酸は反強誘電体として知られており、エピタキシャル膜やアルカリハライドとの有機・無機超格子に発現する新物性が期待される。
    課題番号:05452093
  • 異種構造物質間でのヘテロエピタキシ-に関する研究               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 奨励研究(A), 1993年 - 1993年
    上野 啓司, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):900000, 配分額(直接経費):900000
    本研究では、ヘテロ成長により作製した単結晶層状物質薄膜上へ、3次元的な構造を持つ化合物半導体を単結晶ヘテロ成長することを目的としている。本年度はまずSi基板上に層状化合物半導体GaSeの良質な単結晶薄膜を成長することを試みた。その結果、Si基板表面の処理として、混酸による酸化膜形成と希弗酸溶液による除去を行うことで表面を水素終端し、さらに弗化アンモニウム溶液で処理することにより表面を-SiH基のみで終端する、という手法を用いることで、その上にGaSe薄膜を基板温度400〜500℃で単結晶成長できることを確認した。これまでの水素終端基板上への成長では、基板温度を低温から高温へ成長途中で変えないと単結晶成長は実現しなかったが、今回の水素終端処理基板上では、最初から基板温度を高くしても単結晶成長が実現している。これは表面を-SiH基のみで終端することにより、水素原子の脱離温度を高くすることができたためと考えられる。
    次に、この単結晶GaSe薄膜の表面形状を調べるために、原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)による観察を行った。その結果GaSe表面は径が数百nm程度の螺旋状構造で覆われており、薄膜が螺旋成長していることが判明した。また螺旋段差間の平坦部ではバルク単結晶と同じ原子像が観察されており、GaSeの単結晶成長を裏付けている。また、超高真空中でSeアニールしたGaSe薄膜のAFM像では、螺旋のエッジの部分が過剰なSeと反応している様子が観察されており、エッジの部分が活性であることを示している。
    このGaSe薄膜上の化合物半導体を成長する場合には、不活性な平坦部と活性なエッジ部分の割合を制御することで、エピタキシャル成長に必要な界面結合部と、ひずみ緩和に必要な非結合部とを制御することができると考えられる。現在、化合物半導体のヘテロ成長の実験を行っており、単結晶成長の実現を目指している。
    課題番号:05750005
  • ファンデアワールス・エピタキシー法によるフラーレン超薄膜の作製とその物性の解明               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 重点領域研究, 1993年 - 1993年
    小間 篤; 上野 啓司; 多田 博一, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):3000000, 配分額(直接経費):3000000
    本研究はファンデアワールス基板表面におけるフラーレンエピタキシャル薄膜の成長機構と物性の解明を目的としている。MoS_2基板上にエピタキシャル成長した膜厚1分子層程度のC_<60>及びC_<70>薄膜の表面形態を原子間力顕微鏡を用いて観察した結果、薄膜の成長機構が1分子層ごとの層状成長であることを確認した。ある特定の成長条件下では成膜1層目の成長形態が基板結晶軸方向に配向を揃えた6回対称性を持つ樹枝状であることを発見した。1つのドメインの直径はおよそ30μ程度であり、現在までに報告されている他の基板上でのフラーレン薄膜のドメインサイズよりも10倍ほど大きなものである。この1層目のテラス上に成長する2層目以降のドメイン形態は1層目とは異なり、直径1〜2μ程度の三角形の晶癖を持つ。この成長形態はフラーレンバルク結晶のものに近いと考えられる。このように成長形態が1層目と2層目以降で異なるのは、各層を形成する際のフラーレン分子の拡散の大きさが異なるからであり、本研究の結果からMoS_2基板表面上の分子の拡散がバルク結晶上の値よりも大きいことが示された。実際、MoS_2をはじめとする各種ファンデアワールス基板表面上には他の基板を用いた場合よりも結晶性の高いフラーレンエピタキシャル膜の成長が確認されており、その原因としてファンデアワールス基板表面における分子の大きな拡散が原因となっていることが予想される。また、こうして得られたエピタキシャル薄膜の表面を高分解能電子エネルギー損失分光法を用いて観察した結果、C_<60>薄膜のスペクトルでは、C_<60>分子の赤外活性モードに由来するピークが強い双極子散乱ピークとして観測された。この結果はエピタキシャル薄膜表面の平坦性の高さを実証している。C_<70>エピタキシャル膜に関しても、鏡面反射条件において赤外スペクトルと対応するスペクトルが得られ、来年度の研究においては薄膜中の分子の振動状態についてさらに詳細な情報が得られることが期待される。
    課題番号:05233208
  • ファンデアワールス相互作用によるヘテロエピタキシャル成長と界面構造の解明               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 重点領域研究, 1993年 - 1993年
    小間 篤; 上野 啓司; 多田 博一, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):3100000, 配分額(直接経費):3100000
    本研究は,ファンデアワールスで結合界面を利用した単結晶ヘテロエピタキシャル成長における初期過程を,走査トンネル顕微鏡(STM)を用いて解明することを目的としている。我々は層状物質の劈開面の様に,活性なダングリングボンドが現れないファンデアワールス表面上に,別の層状物質をヘテロ成長させるときには,50%以上の格子不整合があっても良好なエピタキシャルが可能であることを明らかにしてきた。このような系では極めて急峻なファンデアワールス界面を介して,格子間隔の異なる2種の物質が接した構造が実現できるため,走査トンネル顕微鏡像には,モアレタイプの変調構造が明瞭に現れる。モアレ変調構造には,エピタキシャル超薄膜の格子間隔の微小なずれや,基板結晶に対する結晶軸の微小な回転が著しく強調されて現れるので,これを利用することにより,エピタキシャル超薄膜中の局所歪みに関する知見を得ることができる。本研究では,2H-MoS_2基板上に,成長温度を種々に変えてMoSe_2超薄膜をエピタキシャル成長させ,STMの変調構造の観測を行った。その結果,温度520℃で成長したエピタキシャルでは,0.71%の格子間隔の局所的変動が15.8%に,また,0.24°の結晶軸の局所的回転が6°にそれぞれ強調されてモアレ変調に見えることが判明した。モデル計算との比較により,上述のモアレ変調構造を利用した評価法を用いれば,エピタキシャル膜中の格子間隔並びに結晶軸の,約10nmごとの超局所的変動を,それぞれ0.1%,0.01°の精度で調べられることが明らかになった。
    課題番号:05211206
  • 原子モアレ変調構造の走査トンネル分光               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 重点領域研究, 1993年 - 1993年
    小間 篤; 上野 啓司; 多田 博一; 斉木 幸一朗, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):3700000, 配分額(直接経費):3700000
    本研究は、ファンデアワールス・エピタキシー法によって作製された層状物質による超薄膜ヘテロ構造表面の、走査型トンネル顕微鏡(STM)像に現れる、長周期モアレ変調構造の微視的解明を目標としている。平成5年度は、モアレ変調構造の各所において、STMを用いたトンネルスペクトルの測定を進めた。その一方で、モアレ変調構造の起因を追求するための基礎データとして、層状物質表面そのもの、及び極微量の金属原子を吸着させた層状物質表面の電子帯構造のSTM、トンネルスペクトル測定を行った。
    MoS_2基板上にMoSe_2超薄膜を単結晶ヘテロ成長した試料のモアレ変調構造のトンネルスペクトル測定では、変調構造の明部と暗部の電子帯構造に、明らかな差異があることが確認された。この結果は、モアレ変調構造が、単純な表面の凹凸ではなく、成長した超薄膜の表面電子構造が基板から周期的な変調作用を受けた結果現れている、というモデルを支持している。
    層状物質表面にSnやNa等の金属を微量吸着させた試料の測定では、STM像に、吸着によると思われる大きさ数nmの暗い班点状の模様が観察されたが、高分解能観察を行うと、その暗部の中でも、外側の明部と連続した原子像が観察された。このことは吸着した金属は表面にはとどまらずに内部に浸透し、その周辺に局在する電子構造の変調を引き起こしていると考えられる。トンネルスペクトルの測定では、フェルミ準位から+1.2Vの空準位において清浄表面のスペクトルには存在しないピークが観察されており、吸着金属原子による局所的電子構造の変化を裏付けている。
    課題番号:05245203
  • ファンデルワールス種属人工物質における新物性の探索とその応用に関する研究               
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 特別推進研究, 1990年 - 1992年
    小間 篤; 上野 啓司; 多田 博一; 斉木 幸一郎; 青木 秀夫, 東京大学
    配分額(総額):220000000, 配分額(直接経費):220000000
    本研究では、研究代表者らが創案したファンデルワールス・エピタキシ-法を発展させて、多岐にわたる物質の超薄膜を積層成長することにより、天然界にはまったく存在しないような人工新物質を作成し、それが示す新しい物性を探索することを目指して研究を進めた。その結果、ヘテロ成長できる物質系を飛躍的に増大させることに成功した。三次元物質基板上の表面ダングリングボンドの終端という概念の導入により、最も広く使われている三次元的物質と層状物質とを結合させる道を拓き、またフラーレンや各種有機分子結晶のエピタキシャル超薄膜の成長並びに有機超格子成長という従来手をつけかねていた物質のヘテロエピタキシャル成長手法の確立にも成功した。静電的相互作用を利用した、格子不整合イオン結合物質間のエピタキシャル成長、電荷の偏りを有する有機分子性結晶のアルカリハライド基板上への成長は、組み合わせることが可能な物質群をさらに増大させた。本研究で作製されたヘテロ構造に固有な物性として、モアレ変調を受けたSTM像、超薄膜におけるポリタイプの形成、電荷密度波の形成、超薄膜ヘテロ構造によるフタロシアニンの光学的特性制御、アルカリハライド超薄膜中の表面ポラリトンの異常分散などが見い出され、その機構の解明がなされた。一方理論グループでは、モンテカルロ法、バンド計算、量子モンテカルロ法、解析的方法などを用いて、本研究で実現可能な物質系における、結晶成長/結晶構造、電子物性、超伝導、誘電的性質などの理論的予測と解明を行った。とくに、異なる層またはバンドの間の電荷結合により、相互作用がすべて斥力の系から有効引力が生じるだけでなく、超伝導相が最も支配的になるという、新しい超伝導機構の提案を行った。これは、超伝導機構を与える随伴系が、多体効果による絶縁体でも、電荷移動による絶縁体でも、金属であってもはたらく一般性の高い機構である。
    課題番号:02102002
  • -               
    競争的資金
  • -               
    競争的資金
TOP